Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Clinical development of novel neuroprotection therapies for the treatment of brain injury has been unsuccessful. One critical limitation is the lack of a viable therapeutic treatment window (TW). In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotection TW for the proteosome inhibitor MLN519 after ischemia/reperfusion brain injury in rats as related to its antiinflammatory mechanism. METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), followed by 70 hours of reperfusion and recovery. MLN519 was administered after injury (starting 6 to 12 hours after MCAo) to evaluate the full TW. Brain infarction, neuronal degeneration, neurological recovery, leukocyte infiltration, and inflammatory gene mRNA levels were assessed. RESULTS:Core infarct volume in vehicle-treated rats (216+/-25 mm3) was reduced with delayed MLN519 treatments of 6, 8, or 10 hours after injury (45+/-13, 86+/-28, and 150+/-27 mm3, respectively, P<0.05) and was associated with reductions in neuronal and axonal degeneration. MLN519-treated rats had reduced brain mRNA levels of TNF-alpha (46%, P<0.05), ICAM-1 (58%, P<0.05), IL-6 (58%, P<0.05), and E-selectin (72%, P<0.05) at 24 hours after injury. Furthermore, MLN519 treatment reduced leukocyte infiltration by 32% to 80% (P<0.05) in ischemic brain regions. CONCLUSIONS:Neuroprotection treatment with MLN519 provides an extended TW of up to 10 hours after ischemia/reperfusion brain injury, in part by attenuating the inflammatory response. As such, the delayed onset of brain inflammation after an ischemic injury offers a prime target for extending the neuroprotective TW with compounds such as MLN519, used either alone or possibly as an adjunctive therapy with thrombolytic agents.
journal_name
Strokejournal_title
Strokeauthors
Williams AJ,Berti R,Dave JR,Elliot PJ,Adams J,Tortella FCdoi
10.1161/01.STR.0000125721.10606.dcsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
1186-91issue
5eissn
0039-2499issn
1524-4628pii
01.STR.0000125721.10606.dcjournal_volume
35pub_type
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