Abstract:
:Azathioprine (AZA) or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) are the immunosuppressive drugs of choice in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD). Optimal dosage for AZA is around 2.5 mg/kg body weight and induction of remission by these drugs may take 6 - 7 months. Intramuscularly applied Methotrexate (MTX) is the second choice, while its efficacy starts earlier than that of AZA; studies assessing oral low-dose MTX treatment are lacking. Cyclosporin is the standard treatment in case of steroid-refractory severe ulcerative colitis. This drug may also be used in patients with severe extraintestinal manifestations of IBD. Regarding other immunosuppressive drugs such as mycophenolic acid or 6-thioguanine respective controlled clinical study data are not available. The risk of malignancy using immunosuppressive drugs such as AZA is low and furthermore, especially AZA and 6-MP can be used rather safely during pregnancy.
journal_name
Z Gastroenteroljournal_title
Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologieauthors
Reinisch W,Dejaco C,Knoflach P,Petritsch W,Vogelsang H,Tilg Hdoi
10.1055/s-2004-813500subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-09-01 00:00:00pages
1033-45; discussion 1046-7issue
9eissn
0044-2771issn
1439-7803journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:To study the vascularization in the diseased bowel wall by power Doppler sonography in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS:The diseased bowel wall was investigated in 99 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (60 patients with Crohn's disease and 39 patients with ulcerative coli...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2002-22325
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a major cause of acute liver failure (ALF), necessitating a high rate of emergency liver transplantation (LTx). Acute infection is followed by high viral replication rates leading to hepatocyte death and, ultimately, ALF. The objective of treating HBV-induce...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-120418
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Junction potentials at the tip of a 0.15 M NaCl- and a 3 M KCl-flowing bridge dependent on the surrounding electrolyte solution were measured and calculated. There was a close correlation between the calculated and measured junction potentials. The magnitude of the calculated and experimentally determined junction pot...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prospectively compared esophageal and rectal motility data from 7 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (4 females, 3 males) to esophageal recordings in 22 and anorectal recordings in 9 healthy controls. All patients with sclerosis exhibited motility disturbances in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES): LES ...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a 52-year-old woman who presented with severe diarrhea, nausea, intermittent abdominal pain and weight loss of 18 kg within ten months. Jejunal and duodenal ulcers were detected by endoscopy and multiple biopsies revealed villous atrophy of the jejunum. However, neither gliadin nor endomysium antibodies we...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on a 28 year old Turkish woman, who was admitted to our hospital with the symptoms of malabsorption and protein-loosing enteropathy. Histologically, on duodenal biopsy, a lymphoplasmacellular infiltration of the submucosa with partial to subtotal atrophy of the villi was found. An immunoproliferative small i...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe chronic pancreatitis can be easily diagnosed by means of pancreatic function tests and/or imaging procedures, whereas the mild form of the disease or its early stages are more difficult to detect and are often only retrospectively diagnosed. The reliability of imaging procedures depends mainly on the experience...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The introduction of the S3 guideline on "Sedation in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy" in 2008 led to substantial organisational, structural, staffing-related, financial, and legal changes in the everyday work of departments of gastrointestinal endoscopy. This study examines the economic effects of this and the ch...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1313080
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The beneficial effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in primary biliary cirrhosis are supposed to be mediated in part by immunological mechanisms. In this study, we have tested whether ursodeoxycholic acid also ameliorates intestinal inflammation induced by indomethacin in rats. Intestinal inflammation was induced in...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a disease with different clinical presentations and a wide spectrum of organ involvements. Rarely Langerhans cell histiocytosis can involve the gastrointestinal tract of adult patients. A case of infiltration of gastric mucosa by Langerhans cell histiocytosis is presented. The neoplast...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1399058
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The levels of cupriuresis before and after DL-Penicillamine have been investigated in 168 cases. The mean copper excretion before Penicillamine in chronic activ liver disease, chronic persistant hepatitis, cirrhosis and in transitional cases of aggressiv chronic hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis ranged from 29 g...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With regard to quality of life and organ shortage, follow-up after liver transplantation (LT) should consider risk factors for allograft failure in order to avoid the need for re-LT and to improve the long-term outcome of recipients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore potential risk factors for ...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0043-125225
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fecal microbiota transplantation has gathered much attention due to its high efficacy in resolving recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Until today, it is recognized as a safe procedure without any severe side effects. Patients with impaired conscious states suffering from recurrent episodes of aspiration are at...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-110795
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric cancer and cancer of the oesophagogastric junction is diagnosed in the locally advanced or metastatic setting in 55 - 65 % of the cases and is generally treated with perioperative or palliative chemotherapy. For patients with metastatic disease, it is important to reliably determine the HER2 status for potenti...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0043-116493
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenomenon of the spontaneous parietal cell sensitivity not induced by drugs is described in a number of gastric diseases. Different parietal cell sensitivity can be assumed. 1. when there is a shift in the dose response curve between the aid output and continuous intravenous application of a stimulant, 2. when th...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately one third of all patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis suffer from extra-intestinal manifestations of their inflammatory bowel disease. Most commonly those symptoms occur simultaneously with the CED symptoms; they can, however, either precede them or appear later on in the course of the di...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2002-23621
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostaglandins (PGs) can be measured by bioassay or combined gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry or by radioimmunoassay. The main advantage of the latter method is its great sensitivity. On the other hand, difficulties, with this method can arise from the small molecular weight of PGs and the large number of structur...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a significantly increased risk of clinically relevant clostridial infection (CDI). In turn, CDI can increase IBD activity. Therefore, rapid diagnosis and therapy is required. Many diagnostic and treatment studies on patients with CDI without inflammatory bowe...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/a-0729-3168
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 62-year-old lady presented with fever and abdominal pain. History revealed cholecystectomy two years ago due to cholecystolithiasis, complicated by perforation of the common bile duct, leading to hepaticojejunostomy, jejunocholedochostomy, endoscopic retrograde insertion of two plastic stents and percutaneous draina...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2005-858973
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between 1981 and 1987 5434 patients were studied by ERCP in Allgemeines Krankenhaus Hamburg-Barmbeck. 26 (i.e. 0.43%) suffered from Mirizze syndrome with the triad of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and obstructive biliary disease. They were classified in four different types according to the variable localisation and o...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anisakiasis or "herring worm disease" is one of the most important parasitic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in Japan. In 1988 Lorenz and Warzok published 8 cases of intestinal anisakiasis in Eastern Germany. In 1988 Spehn et al. reported a case of gastric anisakiasis in an AIDS patient. Here, we describe a cas...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2001-11150
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In general, the rare SPT is a tumour of low malignancy predominantly affecting young women. The outcome after radical resection is favourable. In exceptional cases the tumour presents as solid pseudopapillary carcinoma (SPC) with typical malignant features and even metastases. Unresectable liver metastases c...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1027318
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Out of 100 patients with early gastric carcinoma 4 cases with a combined benign gastric and/or duodenal ulcer were encountered. Even in long-lasting peptic ulcer history and multiple benign biopsies carcinoma may develop at some site in the ulcer stomach. That's why intermittent therapy based on ulcer symptoms in a pa...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Until 1979 there were explored 192 surgical specimens from patients with Crohn's disease at the Institute of Pathology of the University of Hamburg. For the present study there was a follow-up examination of 161 specimens. Among these Crohn's specimens we found five (3.1%) simultaneously existing ("Crohn-associated") ...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 3/1982 to 12/1989 773 patient underwent an elective Cholezystectomy at the Surgical University Hospital of Ulm. In 87% of cases the indication was a symptomatic cholelithiasis, the mean age being 55.4 years for females and 56.6 years for males. Intraoperative complications were rare (2.8%) and of a technical natu...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomembranous colitis is a well known complication of antibiotic therapy. Only recently few cases of another form of an antibiotic-associated colitis, the acute segmental haemorrhagic penicillin-associated colitis, have been described. We report another case and point out the importance of early colonoscopy to dist...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study retrospectively evaluates all endoscopies performed on a medical intensive care unit during the period from 1986 to 1992. During these seven years, 415 endoscopies were performed of which 77.8% were done as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The most frequent findings consisted in esophagitis (23.6...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report 12 cases, complicating Crohn's disease by cancer origin. 8 patients who had chronic anorectal fistula, developed mucinous adenocarcinoma, 4 patients colorectal cancer. Features like early onset of disease, duration of disease for more than 10 years, chronic (pan-)colitis with high inflammatory activity and p...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2002-33417
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of solitary gastric schwannoma that initially manifested with recurrent left pleural effusion caused by an inflammatory reaction. A 75-year-old female was primarily admitted with progressive dyspnoea and left sided effusion. History as well as clinical examination, gastroscopy, computed tomography (CT...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2002-35416
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a 16 years old girl we found the syndrome of exsudative enteropathy with intestinal lymphangiectasy which differs from previous reported cases by several malformations of the lymphatic system. Besides changes in the intestinal lymphatics there was a retroperitoneal lymphangiodysplasia, a reduction and hypoplasia of...
journal_title:Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00