Abstract：
:Prostaglandins (PGs) can be measured by bioassay or combined gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry or by radioimmunoassay. The main advantage of the latter method is its great sensitivity. On the other hand, difficulties, with this method can arise from the small molecular weight of PGs and the large number of structurally closely related PGs and PG metabolites which cross-react in the various radioimmunoassays thus influencing the specificity of the method. Exogenous PGs exert a variety of effects on the gastro-intestinal tract. The effects on the various organs differ between the PGs tested and are species-dependent. Endogenous PGs have been found both in human and animal tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. PGE2 and its 15-keto-13, 14-dihydro-metabolite are the main PGs found in human gastric juice, while much smaller concentrations of PGF2alpha and PGA2 and their metabolites were detected. In human gastric mucosa both PG synthetase and PG-metabolizing enzymes were found to occur. Both enzyme systems can be influenced specifically by drugs. Inhibition of PG synthetase seems to correlate with gastric mucosal irritation, while inhibition of enzymatic PG inactivation might be associated with protection of gastro-intestinal mucosa. Results from animal experiments as well as clinical observations on humans indicate, that endogenous PGs might be involved in such syndromes as diarrhea, colitis, gastritis, tumors, acute pancreatitis and gastric ulcers caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The exact role, however, played by PGs in physiology and pathophysiology of the gastro-intestinal tract, awaits further investigations.
journal_name
Z Gastroenteroljournal_title
Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologieauthors
Peskar BMsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-05-01 00:00:00pages
341-8issue
5eissn
0044-2771issn
1439-7803journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Five weeks after a four-day visit to Malta, a 39-year old white male German national developed septic temperatures of up to 40 degrees C, progressive jaundice and a pronounced hepatosplenomegaly. The initial examination showed a very sick, somnolent patient with jaundice, cyanosis, tachypnea and a markedly enlarged li...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Background and aims Therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mainly depends on tumor stage and liver function. The aim of this study was to identify additional predictors of overall survival in HCC patients with a particular attention to multimodal therapies. Methods Six hundred and seven consecutive HCC-patients tre...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0042-121264
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing awareness is attributed to altered sensory perception in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disorders. Evoked potentials (EP), which represent the brain's electrical response to peripheral stimulation, have recently been used to investigate where and how (GI) afferent information is processed along the br...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful application of non operative procedures for gallstone therapy are limited on cholesterol stones. Therefore reliable therapeutic analysis of stone components is mandatory for planning of an adequate therapy. Computed tomographic gallstone analysis is considered to improve selection of patients significantly....
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Azathioprine (AZA) or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) are the immunosuppressive drugs of choice in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD). Optimal dosage for AZA is around 2.5 mg/kg body weight and induction of remission by these drugs may take 6 - 7 months. Intramuscularly applied Methotrexate (MTX) is the secon...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-813500
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen that causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that individuals who are blood group 0 positive or represent non-secretors of their blood group antigens are more likely to develop peptic ulcers. The Lewis(b) blood group antigen has...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2002-30115
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancer diseases. For years, gemcitabine has been the standard of care and the only therapeutic option in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Within the last years, new combination therapies have been established for first-line treatment, which significantly improve o...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-0581-5640
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa is functionally characterized by a reduction in non-electrolyte transport in vivo. In order to elucidate the cellular defect being responsible for this malabsorption, we have studied the Na+-dependent D-glucose accumulation as well as the activities of aminopeptidase M and maltas...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied intestinal zinc absorption and daily urinary zinc excretion in 13 healthy controls and 27 cirrhotic patients (14 alcoholics, 13 non-alcoholics) with normal serum creatinine levels. Intestinal zinc absorption was determined by the oral zinc tolerance test. Serum levels were significantly lower in cirrhotics,...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic hepatic porphyrias (CHP) are associated with different degrees of liver damage. They range from minimal histological changes to cirrhosis and primary liver carcinomas. Forty patients with early stages of porphyrias were compared to 85 patients with clinically manifest porphyrias, Porphyria cutanea tarda. This ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Budesonide is a locally acting steroid with a high first-pass metabolism in the liver and low systemic effects. We performed the first pilot study comparing budesonide foam (1 mg/50 ml b.i.d.) with mesalazine enemas (4 g/60 ml o.d.). 33 patients from 3 centres were enrolled in this open randomized clinical trial. 16 p...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2000-14869
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:20 H. pylori-positive patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer disease (n = 16, one with proof of gastric cancer obtained by histology) or severe non-ulcer dyspepsia (n = 4) were entered in a pilot study to examine the effect of a combination of omeprazole (40 mg) before breakfast and ciprofloxacin (2 x 500 mg) 1 hour ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 45-years old man after having returned from Thailand was admitted to the hospital with a severe ulcerative, pyogenic colitis and multiple liver abscesses. In the endoscopically taken rectal biopsies as well as in the liver abscess aspirate gained by fine needle puncture Throphozoites of E. histolytica could be demon...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effect of a known T cell mitogen, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and the neuropeptide beta-endorphin on the in vitro lymphocyte proliferative response in patients with ulcerative colitis and in health persons. We found that patients with ulcerative colitis show enhanced reactivity to PHA, when incubated ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol-induced hypersecretion probably contributes to chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. Feeding of raw soybean flour or soybean trypsin inhibitor also stimulates protein secretion of the pancreas. Therefore, we tested whether or not the pancreatic damage is increased by additional feeding of raw soybean flour in rats f...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of class I (A, B, C) and class II (DR antigens) histocompatibility antigens (HLA) was examined in 82 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in 147 patients with chronic liver disease as controls. The diagnosis of HCC was confirmed by histological examination of liver tissue. HLA-B15 antigen ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent discussions about the relationship between helicobacter-pylori-infection, gastritis and the occurrence of stomach cancer caused us to analyse blood sera of 543 participants randomly selected from the general population in the age of 25 to 34 and of 55 to 64 years from Mosbach (Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis), the co...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver is a rare variant of hepatocellular carcinoma with characteristic morphological patterns and a good prognosis. Preoperatively the tumor is rarely diagnosed. Surgical treatment is resection, hemihepatectomy or transplantation of the liver. We report a case of a 51 yea...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently, evidence-based medicine is subject of a controversial discussion. This review is focused on the different types of evidence in clinical medicine and elaborates the history and context of evidence-based medicine. Evidence-based medicine insists that the theoretical plausibility of a therapeutical concept alo...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For decades, methylene blue has been used in gastrointestinal endoscopy as an absorbing dye, it was, however, not approved for that purpose and has now been withdrawn from the market. A possible substitute is toluidine blue, an acidophilic, metachromatic dye that selectively stains cell nuclei; accordingly, since 2007...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0028-1110032
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perianal and perineal ultrasound is an effective but rarely applied diagnostic modality. Transmural inflammation, fistula and abscesses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease can be delineated and perirectal tumours can be staged. The method is complementary to endorectal ultrasound. Also oblique transsphincteric...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1027518
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of a cardiologic work-up in patients with retrosternal pain are negative in about 20-30% of cases. Overall one half of these patients exhibit an esophageal dysfunction. In order to diagnose esophageal dysfunction long-term pH-metry, transit scintigraphy and standard manometry are used as well as provocatio...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcoholic liver disease is the most frequent organ damage encountered in chronic alcoholics and the annual death rate attributed to alcohol-induced end-stage liver disease exceeds that of car accidents. Alcoholic liver damage occurs mainly due to the toxicity of its first metabolite acetaldehyde, and due to interactio...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2003-38646
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of modern diagnostic possibilities, the diagnosis of celiac disease is still challenging for the physician. This is due to the great variability of the clinical presentation. Nowadays, the classical symptoms like diarrhea, weight loss and abdominal pain are seen less often. It has become evident that celiac d...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2005-858656
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe chronic pancreatitis can be easily diagnosed by means of pancreatic function tests and/or imaging procedures, whereas the mild form of the disease or its early stages are more difficult to detect and are often only retrospectively diagnosed. The reliability of imaging procedures depends mainly on the experience...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Assessment of the clinical value of the pancreolauryl test (PLT) in the literature range from "useless" to a specifity of 95% and a sensitivity of 98%. In this work, our own data are presented in relation to various reference methods. The results are derived from the largest collective investigated to data, comprising...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary aim of the Prä-GIT study is to collect information on the prevalence and course of precancerous and early malignant lesions in the upper GIT (uGIT) as well as risk factors associated with these lesions in asymptomatic individuals. Study participants presenting for a screening colonoscopy will undergo an ad...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-1190-5332
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue specific regulation of gene expression by transcription factors is a fascinating new field in molecular immunology. This review summarizes data on specific regulation of promoters and enhancers by nuclear trans-acting factors in lymphocytes. The structural classes of transcription factors are described and basi...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using ERC-manometry diameters of the common bile duct (CBD) the common hepatic duct (CHD) as well as CBD pressure before and after opacification were determined in 35 non-cholecystectomized patients without extrahepatic cholestasis. We found a significant rise of both CBD and CHD diameters as well as CBD pressure reco...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a protein-losing, exsudative gastroenteropathy causing lymphatic obstruction. Diagnosis depends on clinical examination and histological findings. Conservative treatment modalities include a low-fat diet and enteral nutritional therapy in order to reduce enteric protein los...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0031-1273473
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
