Abstract：
:Many proteins involved in signal transduction and cell adhesion are characterized by the presence of an extracellular domain with repeated copies of a leucine-rich motif (LRR). Here we report the isolation and characterization of a novel gene, tlr (for Toll-like receptor), which encodes a protein containing multiple LRRs in its presumed extracellular domain, a single transmembrane segment and homology to the cytoplasmic domain of the interleukin 1 receptor in its presumed intracellular domain. The pattern of tlr expression at the extended germ band stage is characterized by 15 transverse stripes in the gnathal and trunk segments, with four patches of expression corresponding to head segments and an additional patch of expression in the presumptive hindgut. The segmentally repeated tlr stripes in the trunk overlap both the wingless and engrailed stripes and thus span the parasegment boundary. The tlr stripes require pair rule gene function for their establishment and later become dependent upon segment-polarity gene function for their maintenance. Segmental modulation of tlr expression later in the tracheal system is dependent upon the function of the homeotic genes of the bithorax complex. The tlr gene also is prominently expressed in the imaginal discs. In the eye disc, this expression occurs in two stripes at the anterior and posterior margins of the morphogenetic furrow; this expression is consistent with a genetic interaction between a tlr mutation and an eye-specific allele of hedgehog. All of these data combine to suggest a role for tlr in interactions between cells at critical boundaries during development.
journal_name
Mech Devjournal_title
Mechanisms of developmentauthors
Chiang C,Beachy PAdoi
10.1016/0925-4773(94)90041-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-09-01 00:00:00pages
225-39issue
3eissn
0925-4773issn
1872-6356pii
0925-4773(94)90041-8journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We present the first time/space analysis using in situ hybridization for PTTG and prc1 genes during development of the mouse telencephalon. During the stages E11.5-E13.5 PTTG and prc1 are expressed in most tissues of the embryo. Within the telencephalon, PTTG and prc1 are found exclusively inside of the ventricular zo...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00243-4
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated in detail the expression patterns of two Gata genes, cGata2 and cGata3, during early chick development. In addition to confirming previously described expression of these two genes in developing brain, kidney and blood islands, this study reveals several important novel expression domains during v...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00150-1
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following tissue damage the immune response, including inflammation, has been considered an inevitable condition to build the host defense against invading pathogens. The recruitment of innate immune leukocytes to injured tissue is observed in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, it is still not conclusive whe...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2012.11.005
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transgenic sequences in the mouse line TKZ751 are demethylated on a DBA/2 inbred strain background but become highly methylated at postimplantation stages in offspring of a cross with a BALB/c female. In the reciprocal cross the transgene remains demethylated suggesting that imprinted BALB/c methylation modifiers ...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00329-x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SPOCK is a modular proteoglycan, with homology with proteins involved in cell adhesion processes and neurogenesis. We have previously shown that SPOCK transcripts predominate in the adult mouse brain. Here, we report its expression during mouse embryonic development by in situ hybridization, and immunocytochemistry. S...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00255-5
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ppp6c, which encodes the catalytic subunit of phosphoprotein phosphatase 6 (PP6), is conserved among eukaryotes from yeast to humans. In mammalian cells, PP6 targets IκBε for degradation, activates DNA-dependent protein kinase to trigger DNA repair, and is reportedly required for normal mitosis. Recently, Ppp6c mutati...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2016.02.001
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We identified MRG-1, a Caenorhabditis elegans chromodomain-containing protein that is similar to the human mortality factor-related gene 15 product (MRG15). RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) of mrg-1 resulted in complete absence of the germline in both hermaphrodite and male adults. Examination of the expression of PGL...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00058-8
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ADAMs are multidomain cell surface proteins that function in receptor-ligand processing, cell adhesion and fusion, and signaling. SpADAM, a single copy sea urchin ADAM gene with a 3072 bp open reading frame, is expressed during embryonic and larval development. The deduced SpADAM protein is 1023 amino acids long and i...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00179-x
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously showed that otx2 activates ectopic formation of the Xenopus cement gland only in ventrolateral ectoderm, defining a region of the embryo permissive for cement gland formation. In this paper, we explore the molecular identity of this permissive area. One candidate permissive factor is BMP4, whose putative...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00342-1
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the development of the proventriculus (glandular stomach) of the chicken embryo, the endodermal epithelium invades into the surrounding mesenchyme and forms glands. The glandular epithelial cells produce pepsinogen, while the non-glandular (luminal) epithelial cells secrete mucus. Sonic hedgehog is expressed un...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(03)00069-8
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have identified a novel chicken gene, cMespo, which encodes a basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein with sequence homology to a subgroup of bHLH transcription factors that have been implicated in somitogenesis. cMespo transcripts are first found in the primitive streak of gastrulating chick embryos (HH stage 4) and...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00424-x
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We performed a systematic screen for mutations affecting the trajectory of axons visualized by immunohistochemical staining of Medaka embryos with anti-acetylated tubulin antibody. Among the mutations identified, yanagi (yan) and kazura (kaz) mutations caused specific defects in projection of the posterior lateral lin...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2004.03.032
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the mechanisms by which the epithelial apicolateral junctional complex (AJC) is generated during trophectoderm differentiation in the mouse blastocyst using molecular, structural and functional analyses. The mature AJC comprises an apical tight junction (TJ), responsible for intercellular sealing ...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00416-0
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the origin and nature of the signals responsible for specification of the dermatomal lineage, excised axial organs in 2-day-old chick embryos were replaced by grafts of the dorsal neural tube, or the ventral neural tube plus the notochord, or aggregates of cells engineered to produce Sonic hedgehog (Shh...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00540-2
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During early vertebrate development, a series of neuromeres divides the central nervous system from the forebrain to the spinal cord. Here we examine in more detail the expression of Wnt-3, a member of the Wnt gene family of secreted proteins, in the developing diencephalon, in comparison to the expression of the home...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0925-4773(92)90042-i
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanos family members have been shown to act as translational repressors in the Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans germline, but direct evidence is missing for a similar function in vertebrates. Using a tethered function assay, we show that Xenopus Nanos1 is a translational repressor and that association with the RN...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2010.12.001
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NK-2 class homeobox genes are candidate patterning and lineage regulators in diverse organisms. We report here the embryonic expression pattern of murine member, Nkx2-6. In keeping with its vertebrate relatives, Nkx2-6 was transcribed in ventrolateral embryonic structures. Expression was first detected at E8.0 in endo...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00037-9
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The scaffolding protein tetraspanin18 (Tspan18) maintains epithelial cadherin-6B (Cad6B) to antagonize chick cranial neural crest epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). For migration to take place, Tspan18 must be downregulated. Here, we characterize the role of the winged-helix transcription factor FoxD3 in the ...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2014.02.004
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Commissureless (Comm) is a novel transmembrane molecule necessary both for commissural axons to cross the midline of the Drosophila central nervous system and normal synaptogenesis. Comm is able to reduce cell surface levels of Roundabout (Robo), a receptor for the midline repellent Slit, on commissural axons and unkn...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(03)00179-5
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a complete staging table of normal development for the lungless salamander, Hemidactylium scutatum (Caudata: Plethodontidae). Terrestrial egg clutches from naturally ovipositing females were collected and maintained at 15 °C in the laboratory. Observations, photographs, and time-lapse movies of embryos were...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2014.12.007
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DCoH, the dimerization cofactor of the HNF-1 homeodomain proteins (hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha and beta), is involved in gene expression by associating with these transcription factors. The protein also called PCD for pterin-4alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase is a bifunctional factor as it catalyzes also the regene...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00269-5
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Homeodomain transcription factor CnNK-2 seems to play a major role in foot formation in Hydra. Recently, we reported in vitro evidence indicating that CnNK-2 has autoregulatory features and regulates expression of the morphogenetic peptide pedibin. We proposed that CnNK-2 and pedibin synergistically orchestrate foot d...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2005.04.010
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear orphan receptors are DNA binding proteins that share the domain structure of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, although ligands are unknown. We have identified an orphan receptor in Xenopus laevis and named it xGCNF based on its high degree of sequence homology to the previously described murine germ c...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(96)00599-0
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Terminal portions of the Drosophila body pattern are specified by an extracellular ligand generated at each end of the early syncytial embryo. This ligand triggers the localized transcription of two gap segmentation genes, tailles (tll) and huckebein (hkb) through a signal transduction cascade involving the receptor t...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0925-4773(94)90006-x
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The notochord is a structure present in all chordates and its development requires the transcription of Brachyury. While previous studies have shown that Brachyury is essential for notochord formation in vertebrate embryos, this gene is also expressed during the embryogenesis of nonchordate deuterostomes, hemichordate...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00395-6
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Suppressor of forked (Su(f)) protein of Drosophila melanogaster is a homologue of the 77K subunit of human cleavage stimulation factor required for cleavage of pre-mRNAs before addition of poly(A). We have previously shown that the Su(f) protein is not ubiquitously distributed: it accumulates in dividing cells at ...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00011-8
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Notch effector E(spl)M8 is phosphorylated at Ser159 by CK2, a highly conserved Ser/Thr protein kinase. We have used the Gal4-UAS system to assess the role of M8 phosphorylation during bristle and eye morphogenesis by employing a non-phosphorylatable variant (M8SA) or one predicted to mimic the 'constitutively' pho...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mod.2004.01.008
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T-box genes constitute a conserved multi-gene family with important roles in many developmental processes. In this report, we describe the cloning and expression analysis of a novel mouse T-box gene, Tbx20. Expression is prominent in the extraembryonic mesoderm, in the developing heart, the eye anlage and motor neuron...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00499-8
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:COUP-TFs (Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcription Factors) have been proposed to be negative regulators of retinoid receptor-mediated transcriptional activation. In a previous paper we reported the cloning of a Xenopus (x) COUP-TF (Matharu, P.J. and Sweeney, G.E. (1992) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1129, 331-334)....
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0925-4773(95)00471-8
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DEADSouth was selected in a screen for localized RNAs in Xenopus oocytes. In situ hybridization analysis shows that DEADSouth localizes to the vegetal cortex via the mitochondrial cloud early in oogenesis and segregates with germ plasm during early embryogenesis. These results lend further support for the general conc...
journal_title：Mechanisms of development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00357-9
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
