Abstract:
:Accumulating evidence indicates that regulatory T cells play a crucial role in preventing autoimmunity. To examine the processes by which regulatory CD4(+) T cells are produced during immune repertoire formation, we have developed transgenic mice that express the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and coexpress major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T cell receptors (TCRs) with varying affinities for the HA-derived CD4(+) T cell determinant S1. We show that interactions with a single self-peptide can induce thymocytes bearing an autoreactive TCR to undergo selection to become CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells, and that thymocytes bearing TCRs with low affinity for S1 do not undergo selection into this pathway. We show that CD4(+) thymocytes with identical specificity for the S1 self-peptide can undergo overt deletion versus abundant selection to become CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells in response to variations in expression of the S1 self-peptide in different lineages of HA transgenic mice. We also show that CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells proliferate in response to their selecting self-peptide in the periphery. Moreover, they do not proliferate in response to lymphopenia in the absence of the selecting self-peptide, reflecting a low level of expression of the high-affinity receptor for IL-7 (CD127) relative to conventional CD4(+) T cells. These studies are determining how specificity for self-peptides directs the thymic selection and peripheral expansion of CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells. Moreover, the differing responsiveness of CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T cells to cytokine- versus self-peptide-mediated signals may direct their accumulation to sites where the self-peptide is expressed.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Caton AJ,Cozzo C,Larkin J 3rd,Lerman MA,Boesteanu A,Jordan MSdoi
10.1196/annals.1309.028subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
101-14eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632pii
1029/1/101journal_volume
1029pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest known family of cell surface receptors, and they control many important physiological events, including sensory perception, chemotaxis, neurotransmission, and energy homeostasis. However, GPCR signaling can be difficult to study in vivo because of the multitude of GP...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03184.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several reports indicate the presence of infection with Anaplasma phagocytophila in Europe. The first case with confirmed human granulocytic ehrlichiosis was reported from Slovenia in 1997. By 2002, 13 patients have been discovered in a prospective study on the etiology of febrile illnesses occurring within six weeks ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07377.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In preindustrial settings, biological, economic, and social mechanisms caused fertility to respond to feedback signals from population size variation in such a way as to steer populations toward equilibrium levels. It is unlikely that the relevant signal was population density; more plausibly the signal was economic w...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb30425.x
更新日期:1994-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::The temporal and spatial regulation of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) is very crucial for maintaining calcium ion homeostasis within cells, and consequently in the regulation of cellular functions such as beta cell replication and differentiation, insulin secretion, and apoptosis. Calcium ion regula...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1447.030
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-seven reports of patients with seizures induced by listening and/or playing music and one personal observation are reviewed. Music-induced (or musicogenic) seizures are currently classified among the reflex seizures precipitated by complex stimuli. According to the available information, they are defined as foc...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1284.008
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clumps of corona cells were separated from oocytes at the moment of fertilization control and were subsequently processed and cut into 1-mu sections to study their general morphologic patterns. This study revealed an extensive phagocytosis of spermatozoa by corona cells. Clumps of mural granulosa cells of comparable s...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb37534.x
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we have utilized the transglutaminase (TGase) enzyme to modify the primary structure of VIP with diaminopropane (DAP) at the level of the Gln16. We have investigated the conformational stability of VIP and VIP-DAP in solution by limited proteolysis experiments. The VIP-DAP appears to be more resi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1317.007
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tick-borne, zoonotic disease caused by an obligate intracellular granulocytotropic bacterium, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. A. phagocytophilum and other Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. have been variably implicated with an associated hematologic alteration, platelet dysfunction, that can resul...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1355.074
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weight reduction through caloric restriction (CR) or exercise can have opposite effects on bone. This study investigated the effects of comparable weight reduction through CR and/or exercise on body composition and bone structure in an obese rat model. Male 6-week-old rats were fed either a normal-fat diet for 6 month...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/nyas.13936
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful introduction of nucleic acids into mammalian neurons has revolutionized the analyses of gene regulation and cellular function. Various methods, including viral infection, have been developed to introduce plasmid DNA into primary neuronal cultures. However, transfection of primary cultures of neurons using t...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07516.x
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emphasis on the effects of early olfactory restriction has been on the deleterious nature of the consequences of this abnormal early experience. While these effects are certainly present and dramatic, it is also the case that the olfactory system is left fairly intact by this experimental manipulation. If one asks...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10551.x
更新日期:1998-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are two enzymes that are critical for the synthesis of eicosanoids, the inflammatory metabolites of arachidonic acid. Both 5-LOX and COX-2 are expressed in the brain, including in CNS neurons. The physiologic role of these proteins in neuronal functioning is not clea...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03610.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is often proposed that quinolinic acid (QUIN) contributes to the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation because this kynurenine pathway metabolite is a selective agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and both its brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations increase markedly with inflammation. Howe...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03605.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in many forms of cell death, particularly in the central nervous system. The mitochondria are required at the same time to generate adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) for the cell, sequester excess cytoplasmic Ca(2+), and both produce and detoxify superoxide free radicals. The elec...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1427.002
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in postmenopausal women have reported that estrogen treatment (ET) modulates the risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has recently been hypothesized that there may be a "critical period" around the time of menopause during which the prescription of ET may reduce the risk of developing AD i...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05673.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::(1) Vitamin D is the precursor of an extremely potent calcium regulating hormone, 1,25(OH)2D3, which is secreted by the kidney. (2) The secretion of 1,25(OH)2D3 by the kidney is influenced by the calcium and phosphorus content of the diet, parathyroid hormone, and 1,25(OH)2D3 itself. (3)Prolactin and growth hormone ar...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb41961.x
更新日期:1978-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::The primate orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is often treated as a single entity, but architectonic and connectional neuroanatomy indicate that it has distinguishable parts. Nevertheless, few studies have attempted to dissociate the functions of its subregions. Here we review findings from recent neuropsychological and neur...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06267.x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies reactive with desmin (D3 and D76) have been generated and their specificities validated by immunoblots, RIAs, and immunocytochemistry. No cross-reaction with other IFPs has been observed. The McAbs recognized different epitopes but both reside in the amino-terminal rod domain of desmin. Whereas M...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb50411.x
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Much has been learned during the past decade about the specific retinoid-binding proteins that exist in plasma, and in the intracellular compartment in a number of tissues. Vitamin A is mobilized from liver stores and transported in plasma in the form of the lipid alcohol retinol, bound to a specific transport protein...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb12738.x
更新日期:1981-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Nephroblastoma overexpressed (Nov), a member of the CCN family of proteins, is expressed by osteoblasts and its transcription is regulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). CCN proteins can interact with TGF-beta, BMPs, and Wnt. We explored the function of Nov in skeletal ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1402.055
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::GABA and glutamate play a major role in central integration of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) stress responses. Recent work in our group has focused on mechanisms whereby GABAergic and glutamatergic circuits interact with parvocellular paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons controlling the HPA axis. GABAerg...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1296.004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we first present methods and preliminary results of pilot surveys of "serious" mental retardation (IQ less than or equal to 55); the surveys included screening and diagnostic components and were carried out in the less-developed world. Next we discuss two problems raised by these surveys: one is the diag...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb40316.x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection is characterized by increased immune cell apoptosis. Apoptosis can be triggered by signals that arise from within the cell, or by signals that are elicited by binding of extracellular "death ligands" to their "death receptors," most of which belong to the tumor nec...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05597.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclosporin A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug commonly given to transplant patients. Its application is accompanied by severe side effects related to calcium, among them hypertension and nephrotoxicity. The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is a major calcium regulator expressed in the surface membrane of all excitable and ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1387.046
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work summarizes new and emerging metrics and tools in esophageal function testing and their potential clinical impact. Because the diagnostic sensitivity and reliability of conventional impedance-pH variables are suboptimal, several novel impedance parameters, such as the postreflux swallow-induced peristaltic wa...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.14424
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The available evidence suggests that plasma leakage in dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by the action of circulating mediators on the vascular endothelium, and that the host immune response is a critical determinant of this response. We have been exploring the role of dengue virus-specific T lymphocytes in the immun...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05055.x
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Choir singing is positively associated with well-being and quality of life, and requires the coordination of physiological systems within and across individuals. Informed by models of interpersonal action coordination, we delineate the network topography of choir singing by analyzing cross-frequency couplings and with...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/nyas.13940
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::After the initial dramatic effects, observed in a Lewis lung carcinoma animal model, using a combination of thymosin alpha 1 (Talpha1) and interferon (IFN) after cyclophosphamide, a number of other preclinical models in mice (Friend erythroleukemia and B16 melanoma) and in rats (DHD/K12 colorectal cancer liver metasta...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1415.044
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of glucocorticoid (GC) resistance is a serious problem that complicates the treatment of immune-related diseases, such as asthma, ulcerative colitis, and hematologic cancers. hGRalpha and hGRbeta are two isoforms of the human glucocorticoid receptor, which differ in the structural composition of the ca...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1351.001
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preeclampsia is the disorder of pregnancy with the highest rate of both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The maternal syndrome is characterized by oxidative stress and activation of the vascular endothelium that may originate from placental release of lipid peroxidation products, cytokines, and micropart...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1331.024
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00