Abstract:
:Since the demonstration in the 1940s of foreign body induction of sarcomas in rodents, the safety of artificial implants in humans has been a matter of concern. In this study, we assess the risk for the development of breast sarcomas in women with silicone breast implants. Our analysis is based on the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database for the years 1973-1990 and on estimates of breast implantation rates from about 1960 onward. We have divided the SEER data into two equal time periods, 1972-1981 and 1982-1990. For each time period, we estimated the average annual number of women in the United States who had received breast implants 10 or more years earlier. This analysis allows for a 10 year latency period for the induction of breast sarcoma. We calculated that the average number of women in the U.S. 10 or more years post breast implantation was 55,000 for the 1973-1981 period and 509,000 for the 1982-1990 period. We then examined the SEER data to observe whether there was a concomitant rise in the female breast sarcoma incidence rates between these two time periods. We found the mean age-adjusted incidence rate of breast sarcomas was 0.13 per 100,000 women for the initial 9-year period, 1973-1981, and 0.12 per 100,000 women for the latter 9-year period, 1981-1990.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
J Clin Epidemioljournal_title
Journal of clinical epidemiologyauthors
Engel A,Lamm SH,Lai SHdoi
10.1016/0895-4356(94)00210-hsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-04-01 00:00:00pages
539-44issue
4eissn
0895-4356issn
1878-5921pii
0895-4356(94)00210-Hjournal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Methods to identify studies for systematic reviews of diagnostic accuracy are less well developed than for reviews of intervention studies. This study assessed (1) the sensitivity and precision of five published search strategies and (2) the reliability and accuracy of reviewers screening the ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.09.011
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We sought to examine the validity of specific hospital discharge codes in identifying drug toxicity precipitating hospitalization, among elderly users of high-risk medications. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation assessing the diagnostic test characteristics of International Cl...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.08.003
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop a conceptual model to describe the burden of osteoarthritis in individuals with this condition and on the broader community. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Six concept mapping workshops were undertaken: three with patients (n = 26) and three with health professionals (n = 27) in Australia and Sweden. Th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.03.012
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate whether noninferiority trials are designed to adequately preserve the historical treatment effect of their active comparators. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We reviewed 162 noninferiority trials published in high-impact medical journals. We assessed whether trials were designed to ensure that interve...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.03.003
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the development of search strategies for systematic reviews, "conceptual approaches" are generally recommended to identify appropriate search terms for those parts of the strategies for which no validated search filters exist. However, "objective approaches" based on search terms identified by text analys...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.05.002
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Moderate consumers of alcohol have lower mortality than either nondrinkers or heavy drinkers. This systematic review aimed to quantify the level of alcohol consumption (termed the nadir) at which the lowest mortality occurs. Twenty cohort studies reported analyses of all-cause mortality for at least three categories o...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00076-1
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Understanding patterns of maternity care requires knowing which women have given birth previously, but this information is typically unavailable in administrative hospital data sets. We assessed how well parity can be derived using linked historical records. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Using Hospital Episode S...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.10.011
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 110-item food frequency questionnaire was tested among 152 community controls of the Kuopio Breast Cancer Study. They completed the questionnaire twice and kept two 7-day diet records at 3-month intervals. The intraclass correlations for nutrients varied from 0.49 (thiamine with supplements) to 0.81 (lactose), and f...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(95)00551-x
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess whether the reported trial characteristics are associated with treatment effects on all-cause mortality within critical care medicine. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We identified all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from Cochrane Reviews on patients with sepsis, septic shock, and cardiogeni...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.05.016
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper focuses on the appropriateness of outcome measures to evaluate trauma care. The preventable death rate (PDR), based on the study of deceased patients only, has been the traditional measure of the impact of trauma care on improving the survival of patients with severe trauma. Another measure frequently used ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(90)90125-9
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The methodology for the critical assessment of medical interventions is well established. Regulatory agencies and institutions adhere, in principle, to the same standards. This consistency, however, is not always the case in practice. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Using the evaluation of the CAPRIE (Clopidogrel ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.10.009
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of education and training interventions on recruitment to randomized and non-randomized trials. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A systematic review of the effectiveness of education and training interventions for recruiters to trials. The review included ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.05.013
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:A large number of trials remain difficult to locate or unpublished for systematic reviews. The objective of this article was to determine the usefulness of making e-mail contact with authors of clinical trials and literature reviews found in MEDLINE to identify unpublished or difficult to locat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.11.022
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to relate the 1-year risk of death and development of acute myocardial infarction among diabetics with acute chest pain to whether they had a history of hypertension or not. All patients with a history of diabetes mellitus who, during 21 months, were admitted to the Emergency Room in Sahl...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(94)90174-0
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes a multivariate analysis of a 3-year prospective study of the covariates of age at menopause among women who were randomly sampled from a general population. This approach avoids three problems that may account for the inconsistent results of prior studies: recall bias in retrospectively collected ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(89)90044-9
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Optimism bias refers to unwarranted belief in the efficacy of new therapies. We assessed the impact of optimism bias on a proportion of trials that did not answer their research question successfully and explored whether poor accrual or optimism bias is responsible for inconclusive results. STUDY DESIGN:Syst...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.007
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is no population-based prospective study concerning the relation between serum albumin and mortality in a non-Western population, and few previous studies included the subgroup analysis stratified by serum cholesterol level. METHODS:A 13.7-year cohort study was conducted on 6,957 males and females age...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.02.019
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to assess if there is evidence of publication bias in prognostic accuracy studies of middle cerebral artery (MCA) or cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) for adverse perinatal outcome. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We queried PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.07.016
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraindividual variability (IIV) in total cholesterol levels based on measurements taken 1 week apart is compared with an estimate based on measurements taken 2 years apart. Single-subject 95% confidence intervals around the mean of two repeated measurements were Xi +/- 21 and +/- 28 mg/dl, respectively, and Xi +/- 3...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(93)90115-h
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate interrater and intermodality agreement in assessing health status using the Health Utilities Index. A random sample from a Dutch cohort of 14-year-old Very Low Birth Weight children and their parents were invited to participate in a face-to-face (n = 150) or telephone (n = 150) in...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00317-6
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To study whether the methodological change from parent to index subject as questionnaire respondent affected the prevalence estimates and risk factor patterns for allergic diseases in a longitudinal study. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A prospective study of asthma and allergic diseases among children was begun ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.08.017
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Reference limits are widely used in anthropometry, the behavioral sciences, medicine, and clinical chemistry. They describe the distribution of a quantitative variable in a healthy population, and are often a smooth function of age or another determinant. Thus, instead of estimating reference l...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.09.004
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present the first prevalence study of specific headache entities using the operational diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society. One thousand 25-64 year old men and women, who lived in the western part of Copenhagen County were randomly drawn from the Danish National Central Person Registry. All su...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90147-2
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of variability in menstrual function has not been adequately described or quantified across the reproductive life span. This article evaluates the applicability of the bipartite model approach to the analysis of menstrual data and the relative importance of within-woman variability across the reproductive l...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00202-4
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate the use of three treatment-effect measures in the analysis of randomized trials using a time-to-event endpoint and assess their influence on the results. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A recent equivalence trial showed discordant results with the use of different measures....
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.12.010
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Treatments may be more effective in some patients than others, and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of randomized trials provides perhaps the best method of investigating treatment-covariate interactions. Various methods are used; we provide a comprehensive critique and develop guidance on meth...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.11.016
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Procedures for controlling the false positive rate when performing many hypothesis tests are commonplace in health and medical studies. Such procedures, most notably the Bonferroni adjustment, suffer from the problem that error rate control cannot be localized to individual tests, and that these procedures d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.03.012
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer mortality from 1986 to 1992 was examined in a cohort of 4419 individuals who had been residing in an area of the municipality of Reggio Emilia, northern Italy, where tap water with unusually high selenium content was accidentally supplied. Mortality for all cancers was not significantly different, both in males...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(95)00014-u
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate how the rank probabilities obtained from network meta-analysis (NMA) change with the use of increasingly stringent criteria for the relative effect comparing two treatments which ranks one treatment better than the other. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Systematic survey and reanalysis of published dat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.02.008
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To illustrate and discuss current and proposed new concepts of effect size (ES) quantification and significance, with a focus on statistical and clinical/subjective interpretation and supported by empirical examples. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS:Different methods for determining minimal clinically important dif...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.11.016
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00