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Diagnostic E-codes for commonly used, narrow therapeutic index medications poorly predict adverse drug events.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:We sought to examine the validity of specific hospital discharge codes in identifying drug toxicity precipitating hospitalization, among elderly users of high-risk medications. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation assessing the diagnostic test characteristics of International Classification of Diseases-9 External-Cause-of-Injury codes (E-codes) compared with a reference standard of medical record review. This study was nested within a prospective cohort of elders using warfarin, digoxin, or phenytoin as identified in the Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly benefit program. RESULTS:We identified 4,803 subjects contributing 11,409 person-years of exposure to at least one of three drug groups. Subjects experienced 8,756 hospitalizations, of which 304 were deemed, by expert review, to be a result of an adverse event of warfarin, digoxin, or phenytoin. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPVs) and negative predictive values for drug-specific E-codes were warfarin--25.5%, 98.3%, 46.6%, and 95.7%; digoxin--84.0%, 99.1%, 56.8%, and 99.8%; and phenytoin--86.7%, 98.7%, 59.1%, and 99.7%. CONCLUSIONS:E-codes for digoxin and phenytoin have a high sensitivity, but E-codes for all three medications have poor PPVs, a result that might produce misclassification in studies based solely on discharge coding. Investigators should confirm such rare events via medical record review.

journal_name

J Clin Epidemiol

journal_title

Journal of clinical epidemiology

authors

Leonard CE,Haynes K,Localio AR,Hennessy S,Tjia J,Cohen A,Kimmel SE,Feldman HI,Metlay JP

doi

10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.08.003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-06-01 00:00:00

pages

561-71

issue

6

eissn

0895-4356

issn

1878-5921

pii

S0895-4356(07)00293-4

journal_volume

61

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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