Abstract:
:Astroglial cells express neurotrophic and/or neurite growth-promoting factors, including (a) peptide growth factors (e.g. nerve growth factors, ciliary neuronotrophic factor, fibroblast growth factor), (b) neurotransmitters (such as glutamate, neuropeptide Y), (c) cell adhesion molecules (e.g. N-CAM) and (d) extracellular matrix proteins (including laminin, fibronectin and proteoglycans). Expression of these molecules is regulated during development and/or after CNS lesions. Some of the astroglial peptide growth factors, including nerve growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor and ciliary neuronotrophic factor, have been shown to exert protective or even regenerative effects on neurons following traumatic, chemical or ischemic lesions. These observations illustrate the enormous therapeutic potential of astroglia-derived neurotrophic molecules.
journal_name
Pharmacol Therjournal_title
Pharmacology & therapeuticsauthors
Müller HW,Junghans U,Kappler Jdoi
10.1016/0163-7258(94)00047-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-18issue
1eissn
0163-7258issn
1879-016Xpii
0163725894000477journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The receptors involved in bitter taste perception (bitter taste receptors--T2Rs) constitute a family of G-protein-coupled receptors, of which around 29 subtypes have been identified in humans. T2R expression was initially thought to be confined to the oral cavity but has recently been described in a range of other tis...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.08.001
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases. Interleukin (IL)-33 is a new member of the IL-1 family of cytokines that promotes Th2 type immune responses by signaling through the ST2L and IL-1RAcP dimeric receptor complex. Furthermore, the biological e...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.02.005
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the 1980s, Bowery and colleagues discovered the presence of a novel, bicuculline-resistant and baclofen-sensitive type of GABA receptor on peripheral nerve terminals, the GABA(B) receptor. Since this pioneering work, GABA(B) receptors have been identified in the Central Nervous System (CNS), where they provide an i...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.06.004
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis, a life threating syndrome characterized by organ failure after infection, is the most common cause of death in hospitalized patients. The treatment of sepsis is generally supportive in nature, involving the administration of intravenous fluids, vasoactive substances and oxygen plus antibiotics to eliminate the...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107476
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Preclinical animal models are useful tools to better understand tumor initiation and progression and to predict the activity of an anticancer agent in the clinic. Ideally, these models should recapitulate the biological characteristics of the tumor and of the related tumor microenvironment (e.g. vasculature,...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.01.001
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organic anion transporters (OATs), which belong to the superfamily SLC22A, are key determinants in the absorption, distribution, and excretion of a diverse array of environmental toxins, and clinically important drugs, and, therefore, are critical for the survival of mammalian species. Alteration in the function of th...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.08.002
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorothioate (PS) oligodeoxynucleotides are relatively nuclease resistant, water soluble analogs of phosphodiester (PO) oligodeoxynucleotides. These molecules are chiral but still hybridize well to their RNA targets. While considered for use as in vivo anti-sense inhibitors of gene expression, their biology, espec...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0163-7258(91)90032-h
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present paper was to present an overview of the current status of the methods used to predict the magnitude of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs) which are caused by apparent changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity with an emphasis on a method using in vivo information. In addition, more th...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.10.011
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite difficulties in the interpretation of available data, certain general observations can be made on the epidemiology of poisioning. Childhood poisoning is usually accidental and tends to be associated with a low morbidity and mortality. In Western Europe and North America, it is most often due to household produ...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0163-7258(93)90069-p
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer promotion, development, and malignant transformation is greatly influenced by cell-to-cell interactions in a complex tissue microenvironment. Cancer and stromal cells secrete soluble factors, as well as deport membrane-encapsulated structures, which actively contribute and mediate cell-to-cell interaction withi...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107806
更新日期:2021-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::The precise mechanism(s) of the progression of advanced heart failure (HF) should be determined to establish strategies for its treatment or prevention. Based on pathological, molecular, and physiological findings in 3 animal models and human cases, we propose a novel scheme that a vicious cycle formed by increased sa...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.12.006
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiovascular system is capable of robust changes in response to physiologic and pathologic stimuli through intricate signaling mechanisms. The area of metabolism has witnessed a veritable renaissance in the cardiovascular system. In particular, the post-translational β-O-linkage of N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.11.005
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three major types of opioid receptors, designated mu, delta, and kappa, are widely expressed in the CNS. Development of selective receptor ligands and recent cloning of each receptor have contributed greatly to our increasing knowledge of the neuropharmacological profile of each opioid receptor type. It is of interest...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00099-1
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tumor microenvironment is increasingly recognized as a major factor influencing the success of therapeutic treatments and has become a key focus for cancer research. The progressive growth of a tumor results in an inability of normal tissue blood vessels to oxygenate and provide sufficient nutritional support to t...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.06.006
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several amphetamine analogs are potent psychostimulants and major drugs of abuse. In animal models, the psychomotor and reinforcing effects of amphetamine, methamphetamine (METH), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy), and methylphenidate (MPD; Ritalin) are thought to be dependent on increased extracellula...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.08.004
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primaquine is the only antimalarial drug available to clinicians for the treatment of relapsing forms of malaria. Primaquine development and usage dates back to the 1940s and has been administered to millions of individuals to treat and eliminate malaria infections. Primaquine therapy is not without disadvantages, how...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.011
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main effector hormone of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and hypertension, appear to be related to Ang II production. The generation of Ang II involves angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in circulating and tis...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0163-7258(97)00021-1
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) shows diversity both in its effects and its receptors. It is likely to have roles as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, local hormone and trophic factor. Its effects include rapid changes in neuronal activity, relaxation of many types of smooth muscle, actions on metabolism and ...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0163-7258(92)90036-y
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review concerns the development of small molecule therapeutics for the inherited neurodegenerative disease Friedreich ataxia (FRDA). FRDA is caused by transcriptional repression of the nuclear FXN gene, encoding the essential mitochondrial protein frataxin and accompanying loss of frataxin protein. Frataxin insuf...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.06.014
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preliminary investigations of the physical properties of oligonucleotide analogs that contain alternating methylphosphonate/phosphodiester linkages are described. An alternating oligo-2'-O-methylribonucleoside methylphosphonate, oligomer 1676, whose sequence is complementary to the upper hairpin region of human immuno...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00054-6
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statins are effective drugs to reduce cardiovascular events secondary to dyslipidemia; however, they cause frequent undesirable side effects. The incidence of statin-induced myotoxicity (SIM) is presented by 7 to 29% of patients, depending upon the report. SIM may develop in presence of abnormally high concentrations ...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.029
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are carcinogens requiring metabolic activation to react with cellular macromolecules, the initial event in carcinogenesis. Cytochrome P450 mediates binding of PAH to DNA by two pathways of activation. One-electron oxidation to form radical cations is the major pathway of activati...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0163-7258(92)90015-r
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose-6-phospate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is estimated to affect more than 400 million people world-wide. This X-linked genetic deficiency puts stress on red blood cells (RBC), which may be further augmented under certain pathophysiological conditions and drug treatments. These conditions can cause hemolytic ...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107788
更新日期:2020-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide (NO) exerts a variety of biological actions under both physiological and pathological conditions. NO is synthesized by three distinct NO synthase (NOS) isoforms, including neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial NOS (eNOS), all of which are expressed in the human cardiovascular system. The role...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.08.010
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A majority of angiogenic factors has been shown to be produced by macrophages. This review will give a concise description of their biochemical nature, their isolation from macrophages and their angiogenic activity. Among the factors with mitogenic effects on endothelial cells are basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0163-7258(91)90077-y
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have multiple functions in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that tumor-associated lncRNAs play key roles in promoting and maintaining tumor initiation and progression by shaping the tumor microenvironment through changing tumor cell intr...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107591
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) interact not only with heterotrimeric G proteins but also with accessory proteins called GPCR interacting proteins (GIP). These proteins have important functions. They are implicated in GPCR targeting to specific cellular compartments, in their assembling into large functional comple...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.06.004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac fibrosis is a pathogenic factor of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which seriously affects people's life, and health and causes huge economic losses. Increasing evidence has shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) can regulate the progression of cardiac fibrosis. For the first time, ...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107702
更新日期:2020-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::During the last decade, rigorous scientific methods have been applied to determine the effects of cannabinoids on nociceptive neurotransmission. Cannabinoids have been observed to markedly decrease signalling in specific neural pathways that transmit messages about pain. These effects were found to be due to the suppr...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0163-7258(02)00252-8
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last 20 years, an expanding body of research has elucidated the central role of amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) production in the risk, onset, and progression of the neurodegenerative disorder Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. Ongoing res...
journal_title:Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.06.006
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00