Abstract：
:Cardiac fibrosis is a pathogenic factor of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which seriously affects people's life, and health and causes huge economic losses. Increasing evidence has shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) can regulate the progression of cardiac fibrosis. For the first time, this review systematically summarizes the literature on cardiac fibrosis from the perspective of PPARs from 2010 to 2020. Moreover, the role of each PPARs in cardiac fibrosis was clarified in this scientific revision from the perspectives of pharmacologically active substances, known agonists, natural extract compounds, and nucleic-acid-based drugs in different CVD models. Furthermore, the combination of multiple PPARs on the treatment of cardiac fibrosis is discussed. This scientific review provides new ideas for targeting PPARs in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis and provides strategies for the development of new, safe, and effective pharmacological antagonists against cardiac fibrosis based on PPAR activity.
journal_name
Pharmacol Therjournal_title
Pharmacology & therapeuticsauthors
Lu Q,Guo P,Guo J,Ares I,Lopez-Torres B,Martínez-Larrañaga MR,Wang X,Anadón A,Martínez MAdoi
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107702subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-04 00:00:00pages
107702eissn
0163-7258issn
1879-016Xpii
S0163-7258(20)30233-3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Gender differences in cardiac electrophysiology were reported for the first time almost a century ago. The importance for safety pharmacology became significant when modern medicine came into use and women appeared to be more susceptible to drug-induced Torsade de Pointes (TdP). To unravel the underlying mec...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aromatic amine 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) produced neoplasms in diverse target organs of many animal species. AAF was DNA-reactive after N-hydroxylation by CYP1A2 in the liver and nitrenium ion formation at the target site. In mouse bladder, AAF-DNA adducts were proportional to dose. An epigenetic component for t...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(96)00063-0
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors for the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA are likely to be found on most, if not all, neurons in the brain and spinal cord. They appear to be the most complicated of the superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels in terms of the large number of receptor subtypes and also the vari...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(95)02043-8
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor progression and metastasis are complex processes involving intricate interplay among multiple gene products. Astrocyte elevated gene (AEG)-1 was cloned as an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-inducible and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-inducible transcript in primary human fetal astrocytes (PHFA) by...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.01.010
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vascular endothelium not only is a single monolayer of cells between the vessel lumen and the intimal wall, but also plays an important role by controlling vascular function and structure mainly via the production of nitric oxide (NO). The so called "cardiovascular risk factors" are associated with endothelial dys...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.06.003
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1 (LOX-1) was initially identified as the major receptor for oxidized LDL (OxLDL) in endothelial cells. Its inducible expression in macrophages and smooth muscle cell was also observed. LOX-1 is a Type II membrane protein with a typical C-type lectin structur...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(02)00236-x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New techniques for the analysis of proteins with specific binding for natural retinoids in human plasma and skin extracts have been developed. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), followed by protein blotting with an antiserum specific to retinol-binding protein (RBP), the plasma carrier of retinol, showed that:...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(89)90073-9
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present paper was to present an overview of the current status of the methods used to predict the magnitude of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs) which are caused by apparent changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity with an emphasis on a method using in vivo information. In addition, more th...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.10.011
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggests the involvement of the endogenous opioid system in several neurologic and psychiatric disorders (Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases, drug-induced movement disorders, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, stroke, ischemia, brain and spinal cord injury, ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(90)90026-x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article is a review of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase(s) (CN PDE) from the point of view of the relationships between the newer aspects of the complex enzymology of CN PDE and recent major advances in CN PDE pharmacology. A consolidation of isozyme nomenclature to the proposed family designations is recommen...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(91)90039-o
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The leukotrienes are synthesized from essential fatty acids via a 5-lipoxygenase enzyme. Most is known about the four-series leukotrienes derived from arachidonic acid. Leukotriene B4 is a potent chemotactic agent for leukocytes and it induces neutrophil-dependent increased microvascular permeability. Leukotrienes C4,...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(90)90035-z
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacological agents, such as histamine H(2) receptor antagonists and acid pump inhibitors, are now the most frequently used treatment for such acid-related diseases as gastroduodenal ulcers and reflux esophagitis. Based on increased understanding of the precise mechanisms of gastric acid secretion at the level of r...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(03)00015-9
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe and prolonged impairment of mitochondrial beta-oxidation leads to microvesicular steatosis, and, in severe forms, to liver failure, coma and death. Impairment of mitochondrial beta-oxidation may be either genetic or acquired, and different causes may add their effects to inhibit beta-oxidation severely and trig...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(95)00012-6
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Necrosis of skeletal muscle is produced by two types of snake venom components: single chain peptides consisting of 42-44 amino acid residues and phospholipases A2 representing either single chain proteins or existing as complexes of several enzyme subunits or combined with other nonenzymatic proteins. Vacuolation, ly...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(90)90081-c
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artemisinins are a unique class of antimalarial drugs with significant potential for drug repurposing for a wide range of diseases including cancer. Cancer is a leading cause of death globally and the majority of cancer related deaths occur in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) where conventional treatment option...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107706
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurobiological processes by which ethanol seeking and consumption are established and maintained are thought to involve areas of the brain that mediate motivated behavior, such as the mesolimbic dopamine system. The mesolimbic dopamine system is comprised of cells that originate in the ventral tegmental area (VTA...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.06.002
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exacerbations of asthma are the main cause of asthma morbidity. They induce acute respiratory failure, and sometimes death. Two immunological signals acting in synergy are necessary for inducing asthma exacerbations. The first, triggered by allergens and/or unknown agents leads to the chronic Th2 inflammation characte...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.010
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) is a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) that inactivates ribosomes by the removal of a single adenine from ribosomal RNA. The studies summarized in our review concern the nature and application of this novel therapeutic agent. We describe how researchers continue to elucidate the stru...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(92)90053-3
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in newborns and infants can present in its idiopathic form or complicate a long list of other diseases. Most of these conditions are either pulmonary or cardiovascular in origin. In the present review our current knowledge regarding pathophysiology, structural changes, diagnosis, and availa...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.03.006
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is substantial molecular evidence for the involvement of beta1 integrin in tissue organisation and remodelling, which confers a key role in cell growth, differentiation, migration, and survival. This role has been, in part, highlighted using the transgenic approach which does little to define the more subtle fun...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.07.002
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ever-growing global burden of congestive heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as their co-existence necessitate that anti-diabetic pharmacotherapy will modulate the cardiovascular risk inherent to T2DM while complying with the accompanying restrictions imposed by CHF. The thiazolidinedio...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.09.007
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid) receptor trafficking is a fundamental mechanism for regulating synaptic strength, and hence may underlie cellular processes involved in learning and memory. PICK1 (protein interacting with C-kinase) is a PDZ and BAR domain-containing protein that has rece...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.02.002
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last decade, there have been considerable advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Over 80% of SCD occurs in patients with organic heart disease. However, approximately 10%-15% of SCD occurs in the presence of structurall...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.09.002
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural D-nucleosides are no longer the sole basis for designing effective antiviral analogues. Many antivirals with an opposite (L) configuration were reported, with lamivudine being the most notable example. In contrast, carbocyclic nucleoside analogues are significantly more enantioselective, and enantiomers with a...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00062-5
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gene MUC1 encodes a large membrane-associated glycoprotein, previously termed polymorphic epithelial mucin and now known as MUC1. The majority of the extracellular domain is made up of tandem repeats of 20 amino acids. In some epithelial malignancies, MUC1 is up-regulated, and as a result of changes in glycosyl an...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00003-0
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of a lack of compounds acting selectively at the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1B and 5-HT1D receptor subtypes, by cross-relating the available data, this review attempts to tentatively assign behavioural and other in vivo correlates of these receptor subtypes. In addition, a summary of data from microdialysis st...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(94)90051-5
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite difficulties in the interpretation of available data, certain general observations can be made on the epidemiology of poisioning. Childhood poisoning is usually accidental and tends to be associated with a low morbidity and mortality. In Western Europe and North America, it is most often due to household produ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(93)90069-p
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As our ability to provide in-depth, patient-specific characterisation of the molecular alterations within tumours rapidly improves, it is becoming apparent that new approaches will be required to leverage the power of this data and derive the full benefit for each individual patient. Systems biology approaches are beg...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107555
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke and myocardial infarction are among the most common causes of mortality and disability in the world. The ischemic injury underlying these illnesses is complex, involving intricate interplays among many biological functions including energy metabolism, vascular regulation, hemodynamics, oxidative stress, inflamm...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.006
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Statins are effective drugs to reduce cardiovascular events secondary to dyslipidemia; however, they cause frequent undesirable side effects. The incidence of statin-induced myotoxicity (SIM) is presented by 7 to 29% of patients, depending upon the report. SIM may develop in presence of abnormally high concentrations ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.029
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
