Abstract：
:Exacerbations of asthma are the main cause of asthma morbidity. They induce acute respiratory failure, and sometimes death. Two immunological signals acting in synergy are necessary for inducing asthma exacerbations. The first, triggered by allergens and/or unknown agents leads to the chronic Th2 inflammation characteristic of asthma. The second, caused by either viral infection, allergens, pollutants or a combination of these, results in an acute Th1 and Th2 inflammation precipitating symptoms. In both, innate and adaptive immunities are involved, providing a series of potential targets for therapy. Molecules associated to the first, chronic inflammation constitute targets for preventing therapies, when these related to the second, acute signal provide the rationale for curative treatments. Toll like receptors and bronchial epithelial cell-derived cytokines, engaged upstream of inflammation constitute interesting candidates for future treatments. The great heterogeneity of asthma has to be taken into account when considering targets for therapy to identify clusters of responders and nonresponders, and an integrative system biology approach will be necessary to go further.
journal_name
Pharmacol Therjournal_title
Pharmacology & therapeuticsauthors
Botturi K,Langelot M,Lair D,Pipet A,Pain M,Chesne J,Hassoun D,Lacoeuille Y,Cavaillès A,Magnan Adoi
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-07-01 00:00:00pages
114-29issue
1eissn
0163-7258issn
1879-016Xpii
S0163-7258(11)00076-3journal_volume
131pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Enzymes of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) superfamily contribute to the elimination of drugs from almost all therapeutic classes. Awareness of the importance of glucuronidation as a drug clearance mechanism along with increased knowledge of the enzymology of drug and chemical metabolism has stimulated interest ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107689
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) shows diversity both in its effects and its receptors. It is likely to have roles as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, local hormone and trophic factor. Its effects include rapid changes in neuronal activity, relaxation of many types of smooth muscle, actions on metabolism and ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(92)90036-y
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many years, warfarin was the only effective oral anticoagulant to prevent and treat thromboembolism. Nevertheless, its clinical use is limited by a narrow therapeutic window, extensive drug interactions, need of strict dietary control and frequent monitoring. The pharmacological response is also unpredictable and ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.09.005
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unless it is carefully controlled, bias often distorts the results of clinical trials, usually exaggerating the magnitude of true efficacy. For that reason, procedures to limit bias have been mandated by the FDA when assessing efficacy in clinical trials. The present review shows that the effects of bias in preclinica...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.05.002
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) and other members of the neurotrophin family are critical for the survival and differentiation of neurons and have been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous disease states. Although the therapeutic potential of neurotrophins has generated much excitement over the past decade, inconve...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.03.005
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection or sterile inflammation triggers site-specific attraction of leukocytes. Leukocyte recruitment is a process comprising several steps orchestrated by adhesion molecules, chemokines, cytokines and endogenous regulatory molecules. Distinct adhesive interactions between endothelial cells and leukocytes and signa...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.008
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arthritis is a chronic disease of joints. It is highly prevalent, particularly in the elderly, and is commonly associated with pain that interferes with quality of life. Because of its chronic nature, pharmacological approaches to pain relief and joint repair must be safe for long term use, a quality many current ther...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.015
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews uses of metabolic suicide genes in gene therapy. Suicide genes encode novel nonmammalian enzymes that can convert a relatively nontoxic prodrug into a highly toxic agent. Cells genetically transduced to express such genes essentially commit metabolic suicide in the presence of the appropriate prod...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(94)90046-9
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a regulator of development, plasticity and, recently, addiction. Decreased neurotrophic activity may be involved in ethanol-induced neurodegeneration in the adult brain and in the etiology of alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders. This can occur through de...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.01.003
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Considering both cancer's serious impact on public health and the side effects of cancer treatments, strategies towards targeted cancer therapy have lately gained considerable interest. Employment of gold nanoparticles (GNPs), in combination with ionizing and non-ionizing radiations, has been shown to improve the effe...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.03.006
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thioredoxin 1 (Trx 1) is a 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site -Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys- that is ubiquitously present in the human body. Trx 1 is a defensive protein induced by various stresses and has anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-oxidative effect of Trx 1 is m...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.04.004
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Gender differences in cardiac electrophysiology were reported for the first time almost a century ago. The importance for safety pharmacology became significant when modern medicine came into use and women appeared to be more susceptible to drug-induced Torsade de Pointes (TdP). To unravel the underlying mec...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relationship between inflammation and cancer is now well-established and represents a paradigm that our immune response does not necessarily serves solely to protect us from infections and cancer. Many specific mechanisms that link chronic inflammation to cancer promotion and metastasis have been uncovered in the rece...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.09.011
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aside from their pharmacokinetic properties, e.g. their speed of action and the duration of residual effects, benzodiazepines are still considered as equivalent in terms of their effects on cognition. Here we review evidence suggesting that certain benzodiazepines, especially lorazepam, differ in a number of respects,...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.01.004
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the existence of halogenated lipids in lower organisms has been known for many years, it is only since the 1990s that interest in their occurrence in mammalian systems has developed. Chlorinated (and other halogenated) lipids can arise from oxidation by hypohalous acids, such as HOCl, which are products of th...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.06.002
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past three decades have witnessed a welcome expansion of the therapeutic armamentarium for the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, against this backdrop, there have been some notable disappointments in drug development. Here we use these as case studies to emphasize the importance of info...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.04.012
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progress in methods of investigating endothelial function in humans has led to the demonstration that endothelial dysfunction is an early process involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, and represents a new independent therapeutic target that may help to improve patient health. The administration o...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.015
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P2Y12 receptor inhibition in addition to aspirin is the cornerstone of treatment in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Despite advances in contemporary antithrombotic therapy, periprocedural thrombotic complications such as myocardial infarction ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.01.004
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:QT interval prolongation, corrected for heart rate (QTc), either spontaneous or drug-induced, is associated with an increased risk of torsades de pointes and sudden death. Women have longer QTc than men and are at higher risk of torsades de pointes, particularly during post-partum and the follicular phase. Men with pe...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.07.005
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nuclear transport proteins, importins and exportins (karyopherin-β proteins), may play an important role in cancer by transporting key mediators of oncogenesis across the nuclear membrane in cancer cells. During nucleocytoplasmic transport of tumor suppressor proteins and cell cycle regulators during the processin...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.020
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sepsis, a life threating syndrome characterized by organ failure after infection, is the most common cause of death in hospitalized patients. The treatment of sepsis is generally supportive in nature, involving the administration of intravenous fluids, vasoactive substances and oxygen plus antibiotics to eliminate the...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107476
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticoids (GC) in all its various forms and formulations are likely one of the most commonly used pharmacologic agents in medicine. Their use can be profoundly therapeutic but are also associated with a myriad of acute and chronic side effects. It is fairly well-accepted in the medical community that GC can be l...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107428
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nuclear receptor family of transcription factor proteins mediates endocrine function and plays critical roles in the development, physiology and pharmacology. Malfunctioning nuclear receptors are associated with several disease states. The functional activity of nuclear receptors is regulated by small molecular ho...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.014
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell proliferation is an essential mechanism for growth, development and regeneration of eukaryotic organisms; however, it is also the cause of one of the most devastating diseases of our era: cancer. Given the relevance of the processes in which cell proliferation is involved, its regulation is of paramount importanc...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.01.011
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), play many important roles in cellular activities. Ceramide and sphingosine inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis while S1P has the opposite effect. Maintaining a metabolic balance of sphingolipids is essential for...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.10.011
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum is not a recent phenomenon, but it became a major problem when the parasite became resistant to chloroquine, the cheapest and initially the most effective antimalarial compound that could be used for treatment and suppression. In some areas this problem is compounded by resista...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(91)90074-v
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) formed via endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) plays crucial roles in the regulation of blood flow through vasodilatation and decreased vascular resistance in various organs and tissues. NO derived from eNOS also contributes to the inhibition of platelet aggregation, adhesi...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.04.009
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 90-kDa molecular chaperone family (which comprises, among other proteins, the 90-kDa heat-shock protein, hsp90 and the 94-kDa glucose-regulated protein, grp94, major molecular chaperones of the cytosol and of the endoplasmic reticulum, respectively) has become an increasingly active subject of research in the past...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(98)00013-8
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication of cardiac surgery that occurs in up to 60% of patients. POAF is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality, stroke and other arrhythmias that can impact on early and long term clinical outcomes and health economics. Many factors such as...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.06.009
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The widespread coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has already infected over 4 million people worldwide, with a death toll over 280,000. Current treatment of COVID-19 patients relies mainly on antiviral drugs lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, and remdesivir, the anti-malarial drugs hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, and traditional C...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107587
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
