Abstract:
:The mouse alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene is transcribed at high levels in the visceral endoderm of the yolk sac and fetal liver and at much lower rates in the endoderm of the fetal gut. Expression of the gene in vivo requires the presence of at least one of three enhancers which lie in its 5' flanking region. In this report, we establish that the most distal AFP enhancer directed consistent expression of a linked AFP minigene in all three endodermal tissues in transgenic mice. The enhancer is composed of three domains, each of which is essential for full enhancer function by transient transfection assays. DNase I footprinting identified three regions of the enhancer which are protected by human hepatoma nuclear extracts, one of which corresponded to a consensus site for HNF-3 binding. Site-directed mutations in this site caused a 10-fold reduction in enhancer function by transient transfection. In transgenic mice, however, the mutation resulted in sporadic expression of the transgene, dependent on the site of integration. A similar acquisition of position-dependent sporadic expression of the transgene was observed with a mutation in a second protein binding site, despite the fact that this mutation had very little effect on enhancer function as assessed by transient transfection. These studies underscore the value of examining the functions of specific protein binding sites in vivo.
journal_name
Mol Cell Bioljournal_title
Molecular and cellular biologyauthors
Millonig JH,Emerson JA,Levorse JM,Tilghman SMdoi
10.1128/mcb.15.7.3848subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-07-01 00:00:00pages
3848-56issue
7eissn
0270-7306issn
1098-5549journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pseudouridine formation in the middle position of the tRNA(Tyr) anticodon (psi 35) is dependent on the presence of the intron in the tRNA(Tyr) gene (Johnson and Abelson, Nature 302:681-687, 1983). Drosophila melanogaster tRNA(Tyr) genes contain introns of three size classes: 20 or 21 base ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2016-10-28 00:00:00