Abstract:
:Escherichia coli RNA polymerase is able to site-specifically melt 12 bp of promoter DNA at temperatures far below those normally associated with DNA melting. Here we consider several models to explain how RNA polymerase destabilizes duplex DNA. One popular model proposes that upon binding to the promoter, RNA polymerase untwists the spacer DNA between the -10 and -35 regions, which results in a destabilization of the -10 region at a TA base step where melting initiates. Promoter untwisting may result, in part, from extensive wrapping of the DNA around RNA polymerase. Formation of the strand-separated open complex appears to be facilitated by specific protein-DNA interactions which occur predominantly on the non-template strand. Recent evidence suggests that these include important contacts with sigma factor region 2.3, which we propose binds the displaced single strand of DNA.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
deHaseth PL,Helmann JDdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02309.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-06-01 00:00:00pages
817-24issue
5eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We present structural and biochemical evidence for a redox switch in the archaeal transcriptional regulator SurR of Pyrococcus furiosus, a hyperthermophilic anaerobe. P. furiosus produces H(2) during fermentation, but undergoes a metabolic shift to produce H(2) S when elemental sulfur (S(0) ) becomes available. Change...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07275.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of small, multicopy plasmids from Gram-positive bacteria replicate by an asymmetric rolling-circle mechanism. Previous studies with several of these plasmids have identified a palindromic sequence, SSOA, that acts as the single-strand origin (SSO) for the replication of the lagging-strand DNA. Although not al...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02377.x
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most soft-rotting Erwinia spp., including E. carotovora subsp. carotovora strain 71 (Ecc71), production of the plant cell wall degrading enzyme pectin lyase (Pnl) is activated by DNA-damaging agents such as mitomycin C (MC). Induction of Pnl production in Ecc71 requires a functional recA gene and the rdg locus. DNA...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01334.x
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ZmpC zinc metalloproteinase of Streptococcus pneumoniae, annotated in the type 4 genome as SP0071, was found to cleave human matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). The previously described IgA protease activity was confirmed to be specifically linked to the IgA1-protease/SP1154 zinc metalloproteinase. MMP-9 is a prot...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03596.x
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that in the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis group B (MenB) more than 200 genes are regulated in response to growth with iron. Among the Fur-dependent, upregulated genes identified by microarray analysis was a putative operon constituted by three genes, annotated as NMB1436, NMB1437 and N...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04315.x
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although SsrA(tmRNA)-mediated trans-translation is thought to maintain the translation capacity of bacterial cells by rescuing ribosomes stalled on messenger RNA lacking an in-frame stop codon, single disruption of ssrA does not crucially hamper growth of Escherichia coli. Here, we identified YhdL (renamed ArfA for al...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07375.x
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNase protection experiments show that the sizes of the two R100 finP molecules are 74 and 135 nucleotides. In an RNase III mutant, finP transcripts form stable double-stranded hybrids of 108 bp and 68 bp with traJ transcripts. RNase protection experiments also show that most R100-1 transcripts originating in traM cro...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00425.x
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli FtsN is a bitopic membrane protein that is essential for triggering active cell constriction. A small periplasmic subdomain ((E) FtsN) is required and sufficient for function, but its mechanism of action is unclear. We isolated extragenic (E) FtsN*-suppressing mutations that restore division in cells ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12906
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacteriocin release protein (BRP) mediates the secretion of cloacin DF13. The BRP precursor is slowly processed to yield the mature BRP and its stable signal peptide which is also involved in cloacin DF13 secretion. The function of the stable BRP signal peptide was analysed by constructing two plasmids. First, the...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01406.x
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clp ATPases, which include the ubiquitous HSP100 family, are classified according to their structural features and sequence similarities. During the course of the Bacillus subtilis genome sequencing project, we identified a gene encoding a new member of the HSP100 family. We designated this protein ClpE, as it is the ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01374.x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two distinct merR genes, which regulate expression of the mercuric ion resistance gene (mer), of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans strain E-15 have been cloned, sequenced and termed merR1 and merR2. As a result of gene walking around two merR genes, it was found that these two genes were quite close in distance. The nucleotid...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01979.x
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The alternative sigma factor sigma 54 is required for transcription of nitrogen fixation genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae and other diazotrophs. The nif genes, and other E sigma 54-dependent genes whose products are necessary for a wide range of processes, are postively regulated. A unifying model that is well supported...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb00887.x
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The earliest event in bacterial cell division is the formation of a Z ring, composed of the tubulin-like FtsZ protein, at the division site at midcell. This ring then recruits several other division proteins and together they drive the formation of a division septum between two replicated chromosomes. Here we show tha...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05673.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Caulobacter crescentus flagellum serves not only as a motility apparatus, but also as a key landmark in the differentiation of this asymmetrically dividing bacterium. A distinctive aspect of flagellum biosynthesis is the periodic expression of the flagellar genes during the cell cycle in a sequence corresponding t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3281691.x
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetotactic bacteria contain nanometre-sized, membrane-bound organelles, called magnetosomes, which are tasked with the biomineralization of small crystals of the iron oxide magnetite allowing the organism to use geomagnetic field lines for navigation. A key player in this process is the HtrA/DegP family protease Ma...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07631.x
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have found a simple relationship between bacterial growth rate and the translation elongation rate. Thus, for a set of defined ribosomal protein S12 mutations which reduce the efficiency of the ternary complex ribosome interaction (and restrict the frequency of translational errors) there is a linear relationship b...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01118.x
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In bacteria, DNA supercoil movement is restricted to subchromosomal regions or 'domains.' To elucidate the nature of domain boundaries, we analysed reaction kinetics for gammadelta site-specific resolution in six chromosomal intervals ranging in size from 14 to 90 kb. In stationary cultures of Salmonella typhimurium, ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01025.x
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This past January, in Cuernavaca Mexico, a conglomerate of scientists met to discuss the contemporary view of Bacterial Locomotion and Signal Transduction (BLAST). The BLAST meetings represent a field that has its roots in chemotaxis and the flagellum-based motility but now encompass all types of cellular movement and...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06742.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The AppA protein of Rhodobacter sphaeroides is unique in its ability to sense and transmit redox signals as well as light signals. By functioning as antagonist to the PpsR transcriptional repressor, it regulates the expression of photosynthesis genes in response to these environmental stimuli. Here we show binding of ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05724.x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reverse transcriptase, discovered in 1970 in retroviruses, has until recently been found only in eukaryotic organisms. Recently it was shown to occur in two groups of bacteria: myxobacteria and Escherichia coli. The gene for reverse transcriptase is part of a chromosomal genetic element that codes for the production o...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00264.x
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron is a member of a small group of nutrients that limits aquatic primary production. Mechanisms for utilizing iron have to be efficient and adapted according to the ecological niche. In respect to iron acquisition cyanobacteria, prokaryotic oxygen evolving photosynthetic organisms can be divided into siderophore- an...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13049
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipoprotein Lpp is the most numerically abundant protein in Escherichia coli, has been investigated for over 40 years, and has served as the paradigmatic bacterial lipoprotein since its initial discovery. It exists in two distinct forms: a 'bound-form', which is covalently bound to the cell's peptidoglycan layer, ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07539.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously observed that hypoxia is an important component of host microenvironments during pulmonary fungal infections. However, mechanisms of fungal growth in these in vivo hypoxic conditions are poorly understood. Here, we report that mitochondrial respiration is active in hypoxia (1% oxygen) and critical for fu...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08034.x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the multicellular bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor, functions of developmental (bald) genes are required for the biosynthesis of SapB, a hydrophobic peptidic morphogen that facilitates aerial hyphae formation. Here, we show that aerial hyphal growth and SapB biosynthesis could be activated independently from the n...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03255.x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Manganese has emerged as an important trace element in bacterial physiology. The correlation between manganese accumulation and resistance to oxidative stress has led to the suggestion that, in addition to a role as a prosthetic group in superoxide dismutase, manganese could exert its antioxidant effect via non-enzyma...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06700.x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibitors of protein synthesis cause defects in the assembly of ribosomal subunits. In response to treatment with the antibiotics erythromycin or chloramphenicol, precursors of both large and small ribosomal subunits accumulate. We have used a pulse-labelling approach to demonstrate that the accumulating subribosomal...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07555.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, changes in cell shape have critical consequences for motility, immune system evasion, proliferation and adhesion. For most bacteria, the peptidoglycan cell wall is both necessary and sufficient to determine cell shape. However, how the synthesis machinery as...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07616.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, survives in macrophages by altering the endocytic pathway of its host cell. To accomplish this, the bacterium utilizes a type IVB secretion system to deliver effector molecules into the host cell cytoplasm. In a previous report, we performed an exte...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08118.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model for the topology of the PhoE porin has been proposed according to which the polypeptide traverses the outer membrane sixteen times mostly as amphipathic beta-sheets, thereby exposing eight loops at the cell surface. Until now, no evidence has been obtained for the surface exposure of the third loop. Recently, ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01104.x
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Each Pseudomonas aeruginosa cell localizes two types of motility structures, a single flagellum and one or two clusters of type IV pili, to the cell poles. Previous studies suggested that these motility structures arrive at the pole through distinct mechanisms. Here we performed a swimming motility screen to identify ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12403
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00