Abstract：
:Peroxynitrite formed by the reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide is a highly reactive species with a role in various pathological processes such as cancer, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. In the present study, the effect of the carotenoids, lycopene and beta-carotene, on peroxynitrite-mediated modifications in plasmid DNA as well as cellular DNA and proteins were investigated. In pUC18 plasmid DNA, these carotenoids strongly inhibited DNA strand breaks caused by peroxynitrite generated from 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1). SIN-1 was also used to determine effects on DNA damage and protein tyrosine nitration in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. SIN-1 dose-dependently increased nitration of proteins in cells above basal levels as determined by Western blotting. This nitration was inhibited in the presence of the uric acid as well as lycopene. Physiological concentrations (0.31-10 microM) of lycopene and beta-carotene also had protective effects on DNA damage, as measured by the comet assay. Lycopene significantly reduced DNA damage particularly, in the median range of concentrations (2.5 microM). The protective effects of lycopene and beta-carotene could be due to their scavenging of reactive oxygen (ROS) and/or nitrogen species (RNS) as they reduce the amount of intracellular ROS/RNS produced following treatment with SIN-1 by as much as 47.5% and 42.4%, respectively. The results obtained in this study suggest that carotenoids may alleviate some of the deleterious effects of peroxynitrite and possibly other reactive nitrogen species as well in vivo.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Muzandu K,Ishizuka M,Sakamoto KQ,Shaban Z,El Bohi K,Kazusaka A,Fujita Sdoi
10.1016/j.taap.2006.03.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-15 00:00:00pages
330-40issue
3eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
S0041-008X(06)00104-9journal_volume
215pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Hepatic expression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) occurs in many acute and chronic liver diseases, as well as following exposure to hepatotoxic chemicals, and is believed to help influence both the damage and repair processes that occur following these insults by regulating addi...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2001.9304
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Follicle growth culminates in ovulation, which allows for the expulsion of fertilizable oocytes and the formation of corpora lutea. Bisphenol A (BPA) is present in many consumer products, and it has been suggested that BPA impairs ovulation; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, this study first e...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.010
更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Contamination of animal feed with mycotoxins is a major problem for fish feed mainly due to usage of contaminated ingredients for production and inappropriate storage of feed. The use of cereals for fish food production further increases the risk of a potential contamination. Potential contaminants include the mycotox...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.07.004
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:p,p'-DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane; 75 mg/kg) or corn oil was administered po to male Fischer 344N rats. Tremor was quantified 8 hr later by spectral analysis of whole body movements. The effect of sc injection of pharmacological challenges on the spectral profile of body movements was determined....
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(87)90096-2
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the tricyclic antidepressant drugs imipramine and doxepin exert similar direct electrophysiological effects on cardiac cells, toxic cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances are much more commonly associated with imipramine than doxepin in clinical use. To ascertain if this discrepancy could be due to d...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90143-1
更新日期：1984-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Energy metabolism and reproduction are closely linked and reciprocally regulated. The detrimental effect of underweight on reproduction complicates the safety evaluation of anti-obesity drugs, making it challenging to distinguish pathological changes mediated through the intended drug-induced weight loss from direct d...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115152
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult BALB/c mice, which are sensitive to hyperoxia (LT50 = 4.5 days 100% O2), were made tolerant to 100% O2 after treatment with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Following a single ip dose of 400 mg/kg, mice survived longer periods in O2 when exposed to O2 at 7, 14, and 21, but not 2 days, following BHT injection. The...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(88)90257-8
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an important mediator of toxic responses after exposure to xenobiotics including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Activation of AhR responsive genes requires AhR dimerization with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear tr...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.12.002
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative glutamate toxicity in HT22 murine hippocampal cells is a model for neuronal death by oxidative stress. We have investigated the role of proteases in HT22 cell oxidative glutamate toxicity. L-glutamate-induced toxicity was characterized by cell and nuclear shrinkage and chromatin condensation, yet occurred in...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.07.008
更新日期：2008-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzene exposure can result in bone marrow myelotoxicity. We examined the effects of benzene metabolites on bone marrow stromal cells of the hemopoietic microenvironment. Male B6C3F1 mouse bone marrow adherent stromal cells were plated at 4 X 10(6) cells per 2 ml of DMEM medium in 35-mm tissue culture dishes. The grow...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90027-9
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental pollutant that activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) resulting in altered gene expression. In vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo studies have demonstrated that B cells are directly impaired by TCDD, and are a sensitive target as evidenced by sup...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2016.11.009
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute exposure to Cd produces liver injury, whereas chronic exposure results in kidney injury. Tolerance to the hepatotoxicity is observed during chronic exposure to Cd due to the induction of metallothionein (MT). The nephrotoxicity produced by chronic Cd exposure purportedly results from renal uptake of Cd-metalloth...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(88)90231-1
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inoculation of metallic tin powder produced marked proliferation of plasma cells and Russell body cells in draining lymph nodes. Prior, but not concurrent, administration of a soluble tin salt in the drinking water prevented the plasma cell hyperplasia. Various Na, Zn, Ag, and Cu salts were not inhibitory. The inhibit...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90359-9
更新日期：1983-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to levels of sarin causing no overt clinical signs would cause more subtle, adverse health effects that persisted after the exposure ended. Inhalation exposures of male Fischer 344 rats to 0, 0.2, or 0.4 mg/m(3) of sarin for 1 h/day for 1, 5, or 10 days under...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepa 1c1c7 (WT), TAOc1BPrc1 (CI), and BPrc1 (CII) mouse hepatoma cells were exposed to benzo[e]pyrene (B[e]P) or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). B[e]P induced activity of a rat CYP1A1 reporter gene construct (-3015 to +2545 bp) by 1.8- to 2-fold and 5-fold in WT and CI cells, respectively. B[e]P caused a 2-fold induction of a...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1994.1175
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio), green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a promising marker for environmental pollutants. In using GFP, one of the obstacles which we faced was how to compare toxicity among different toxicants or among a specific toxicant in different model species with the intensity of GFP expression...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2007.07.011
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Assessment of toxic or mutagenic risks associated with phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (PTO) is important. In vitro and in vivo data have shown that PTOs are nontoxic and nonmutagenic. However, these studies do not address interactions between PTOs and other compounds. The sulfur on PTOs may provide a novel reactive...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1995.1126
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant which has been reported to be nontoxic following acute exposure but has recently been shown to accumulate upon repeated exposure. To determine if this accumulation results in toxic effects, male Fischer 344 rats were treated with 50 micrograms/k...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(88)90023-3
更新日期：1988-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Fumonisins are carcinogenic to rats and are suspected human carcinogens. However, the mechanism(s) of carcinogenesis of fumonisn B1 (FB1) is poorly understood. Multiple signal transduction pathways such as protein kinase C (PKC) have been shown to play an important role in carcinogenesis. This study was undertaken to ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1996.0274
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protection against the toxic effects of chronic alcohol consumption was observed in male guinea pigs maintained on a high-ascorbic-acid diet (vitamin C-deficient chow plus 2.0 mg ascorbic acid/ml drinking water) as compared to animals on a low-ascorbic-acid diet (vitamin C-deficient chow and from 0.025 to 0.050 mg asc...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(86)90141-9
更新日期：1986-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are known to directly inhibit mitochondrial complex I activity as well as various mitochondrial kinases. Recent observations that complex I activity and superoxide production are modulated through cAMP-dependent phosphorylation suggests a mechanism through whi...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2007.08.015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is conflicting evidence in the literature as to the predominant mechanism and also the compositional element(s) that drives the pulmonary inflammatory response of ambient particulate matter (PM). We have investigated the inflammogenic potential of coarse (2.5-10 microm) and fine (<2.5 microm) PM from both a rura...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2003.10.002
更新日期：2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic exposure to high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water is associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The present revision focuses on the effect of arsenic on tissues that participate directly in glucose homeostasis, integrating the most important published information about the imp...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2007.08.019
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a central mediator of immunotoxicity that is associated with exposure to the trichothecene vomitoxin (VT). The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that the inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its metabolites contribute to VT-induced IL-6 upregulation. VT at 100 to 250 ng...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0041-008x(02)00033-9
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in recent years have revealed that excess mitochondrial superoxide production is an important etiological factor in neurodegenerative diseases, resulting from oxidative modifications of cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Hence, it is important to understand the mechanism by which mitochondrial oxida...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.04.030
更新日期：2012-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A quantitative method based upon a stochastic model was used to estimate rates of initiation (alteration to express the ATPase-deficient phenotype) and of clonal growth of altered cells in an initiation promotion experiment in the livers of female Wistar rats. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was used as the initiating agent ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1996.0094
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear receptors (NRs) are key regulators of human health and constitute a relevant target for medicinal chemistry applications as well as for toxicological risk assessment. Several open databases dedicated to small molecules that modulate NRs exist; however, depending on their final aim (i.e., adverse effect assessm...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115244
更新日期：2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium is a widespread environmental contaminant present in food. The absorption in the intestine increases in individuals with low iron stores, but the effect of zinc deficiency is not clear. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of iron and zinc status on cadmium accumulation in pregnant Banglade...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2007.04.009
更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Catechol estrogens have been postulated to mediate estradiol-induced kidney tumorigenesis in Syrian hamsters. As part of an examination of this postulate, we studied the influence of quercetin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, on the incidence and severity of estrogen-induced kidney tumors, on the metabolic activation of est...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1994.1059
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a growing recognition of the need to identify when exposures to specific combinations of chemicals result in toxicological effects of concern. In order to meet this need new tools are required to evaluate the doses of multiple chemicals that occur from the concurrent exposures to multiple sources of the chemi...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.032
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
