Abstract:
:Dubowitz et al. have offered a scoring system for estimating the gestational age of newborn babies. If the system is applied to twin pairs, the heavier twin is generally estimated to have a greater gestational age than the lighter one. Previously this has been interpreted as a flaw in the scoring system. However, it may well be that in some twin pairs the gestational ages are slightly different and that therefore, the heavier twin would be expected to have a greater gestational age. Such cases would arise through superfecundation (the formation of two zygotes from different coitions). Superfecundation can be proved only in rare case (those with two fathers). It can be argued that the rarity of such cases is accounted for by the rarity with which women expose themselves to the risk of bearing such twins (and by the improbability of detection), rather than by the rarity of superfecundation. It is inferred that superfecundation by the same man is relatively common and that therefore dizygotic twins quite often have different gestational ages. The scoring system of Dubowitz can be tested for bias by submitting monozygotic pairs to it: the association between weight and estimated gestational age should be absent in such pairs. If the system proves free of such bias, then a finding first reported here will assume some interest: it is that in opposite-sexed twin pairs, the male is significantly more often assessed as having the greater gestational age. It is suggested that this finding should be provisionally accepted as evidence for the hyopthesis that male zygotes are formed earlier than females.
journal_name
Arch Dis Childjournal_title
Archives of disease in childhoodauthors
James WHdoi
10.1136/adc.55.4.281subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-04-01 00:00:00pages
281-4issue
4eissn
0003-9888issn
1468-2044journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) offers a simple outpatient technique for specimen collection in child tuberculosis suspects with peripheral lymphadenopathy. To perform FNAB with mycobacterial culture on an outpatient basis requires use of a sterile transport medium to facilitate bedside inoculation, maintain orga...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2009.164038
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate the views of young people (YP) with gender dysphoria and their parents concerning fertility preservation and reproductive and life priorities. DESIGN:A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study assessed knowledge of potential effects of treatments for gender dysphoria...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2018-316080
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To see if perineal sensation in infants with open spina bifida is associated with a better long-term outcome, particularly in terms of survival, renal-related deaths and incontinence. METHODS:We conducted a prospective cohort study on a complete cohort of 117 consecutive patients with open spina bifida, who...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2006.102079
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty two babies under 1 year old were referred for evaluation of suspected epileptic seizures. Nine were found to have epilepsy. In the other 13--all developing normally, aged up to 10 months--the spells were non-epileptic paroxysmal events (NEPE). They consisted of five patterns of movement: (1) eye blinking; (2) '...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.73.4.342
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The isolated finding of an unexplained chronic subdural haematoma in an infant may suggest non-accidental head injury (NAHI). The authors report a previously undescribed cause of multifocal chronic subdural haematoma in infancy which could result in a misdiagnosis of previous NAHI. METHODS:Two infants, aged...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2010.194746
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::After the introduction of the colposcope for the examination of children suspected of being sexually abused in Leeds, a study was undertaken to describe the findings in detail. A total of 109 consecutive prepubertal girls, mean age 70.4 months were assessed including colposcopic genital and anal examination, and peer ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.73.5.465
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Life was sorted. With membership of the college under my belt, and my paediatric training completed, I needed a new challenge. I decided to launch into the deep waters of qualitative research. Stepping out with some trepidation into semistructured interviews and grounded theory, I soon found that the water was neither...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.88.1.44
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A neonate developed complete thrombosis of the abdominal aorta after catheterisation of the umbilical artery. This was successfully treated with an intravenous infusion of streptokinase. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.63.9.1086
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The long term results of treatment of inhalation of foreign bodies in a district children's hospital and in a tertiary referral centre were reviewed by clinical assessment, chest radiography, and standard four view 81mKr ventilation/99mTc macroaggregated albumin perfusion imaging (V/Q lung scan). The overall incidence...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.65.6.619
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate whether sagittal synostosis (SS) has consequences for children's mental and psychomotor development, and whether surgery has any impact on this. METHODS:The study involved 28 children with SS who underwent corrective surgery at a mean age of 8.0 (SD 7.16) months, and 28 normal controls. All the chi...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2003.035824
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical response to sodium cromoglycate treatment was compared with its concentration in serum. Twenty five children with asthma entered a 10 week trial of two baseline weeks followed by eight weeks of treatment by the inhalation of 20 mg of sodium cromoglycate spincaps four times a day. Individual clinical respo...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.63.6.592
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on recent advances of topical interest regarding the diagnosis and treatment of common causes of bacterial meningitis occurring in children beyond the neonatal period. Tuberculous meningitis is beyond the scope of this review. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/adc.88.7.615
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cases are described of eight children, five of them girls, who had epilepsy with myoclonic absences. The mean age of onset was 4.9 years. Brief episodes of loss of awareness with bilateral clonic jerking of the upper limbs were associated with rhythmic 3 cycles/second spike-wave discharges on electroencephalogram....
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.70.4.288
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Due to lack of information on drug use in children, many drugs are used off-label in paediatrics. Increased knowledge of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) would enable a better risk-benefit analysis. Our aim was to characterise drugs causing psychiatric ADRs in children by conducting a descriptive study based on ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2019-317933
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Several studies have suggested a beneficial effect of infant breastfeeding on childhood cognitive function. The main objective was to examine whether duration of breastfeeding and age at introduction of complementary foods are related to cognitive performance in 9- to 10-year-old school-aged children in South India...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2009.165159
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determinations of body height and calculations of growth velocity are still the major parameters for the assessment of normal and aberrant growth. The present study was performed to investigate the minimum time interval between consecutive measurements that is necessary for a statement on significant length increment ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.64.2.259
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recorded the respiratory history by questionnaire in a 7 year old cohort of children whose birth weight was under 2000 g and an unselected reference group of local schoolchildren of the same age. Complete data were obtained in 121 low birthweight children (90% of those studied): 62 who had no neonatal respiratory i...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.64.9.1294
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is becoming a common clinical headache for child health professionals, as the increase in professional and media concern has not been matched by effective clinical solutions. Added to this is considerable confusion about both the definitions of obesity and about which groups of children and adolescents actuall...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/adc.2004.062224
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess bone and collagen turnover in asthmatic children treated with dry powder budesonide from the Turbuhaler and dry powder beclomethasone dipropionate from the Diskhaler in a dose of 800 micrograms/day. SUBJECTS:Thirteen prepubertal children with asthma. DESIGN:Open crossover study with two treatment...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/adc.73.6.524
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Early diagnosis and treatment initiation are important factors for successful treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I). The purpose of this observational study was to assess whether age at diagnosis and time to first treatment for individuals with MPS I have improved over the last 15 years. STUDY DE...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/archdischild-2020-319040
更新日期:2020-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::A gross T cell lymphocytosis developed in an otherwise healthy 5 year old girl and has persisted for nearly 3 years. It is associated with neutropenia and seems to be typical of a rare adult disorder that may be a type of T cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.58.8.635
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that increasing obesity levels in young women lead to intrauterine environments that, in turn, stimulate increased obesity among their offspring, generating an intergenerational acceleration of obesity levels. If this mechanism is important, the association of maternal body mass index (...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2006.104869
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the risk of skin cancer in persons treated with neonatal phototherapy (NNPT) for jaundice. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Grampian Region, Scotland, UK. DATA SOURCE:Aberdeen Maternity and Neonatal Databank. NNPT exposure was abstracted from paper records spanning 1976-1990. Follow-up ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2009.179275
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with raised intracranial pressure responding to ventriculoperitoneal shunting are described in whom ultrasound failed to show dilated ventricles. The importance of not equating absence of ventricular dilatation with normal pressure and ventricular dilatation with high pressure is emphasised. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.60.6.581
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 121 infants entered a cohort serological study of primary infections with herpes-viruses. All of them had seven samples of blood available: the first sample was taken soon after birth, the other six were taken at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 14 months of age. One sample of maternal blood was collected immediately af...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.68.3.408
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of modified polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profiles of complementary food on long-chain (LC) PUFA composition in healthy infants. DESIGN:Double blinded, randomised, controlled intervention trial. SETTING:Dortmund, Germany. PATIENTS:Free-living sample of healthy term infants. METHODS...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/adc.2008.146027
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information is presented about 19 children, under age 7 years, from 17 families, whose mothers consistently gave fraudulent clinical histories and fabricated signs so causing them needless harmful medical investigations, hospital admissions, and treatment over periods of time ranging from a few months to 4 years. Epis...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.57.2.92
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bilateral staghorn renal calculi in a 7-year-old girl with cystinuria were dissolved over a period of 6 months, using a high fluid intake, urinary alkalinisation, and D-penicillamine. Even in children with extensive cystine urolithiasis, medical management may avert the need for surgery. ...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.54.10.795
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the role of viruses in febrile seizures (FS) by comparing the relative risk (RR) of developing FS with common viral infections and subsequent risk of recurrence. METHODS:We matched the medical records of all children admitted with FS over 5 years and the contemporary records for all admissions fo...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.2006.110221
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-two children with a past diagnosis of coeliac disease were reinvestigated by means of gluten challenge. They had received a gluten-free diet for a mean period of 6-5 years (range 0-25-11-0) before gluten challenge, and had a mean age of 9-9 years (range 3-0-15-3) at the onset of challenge. Small intestinal biop...
journal_title:Archives of disease in childhood
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/adc.53.6.449
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00