Abstract：
:Recycling of sewage sludge is needed in a sustainable society. Quality aspects of sludge include hygiene (pathogens), nutrients (N and P), and toxicants (metals and organics). Metals are of particular concern because they are not degradable, but their hazards are related to their bioavailability and chemical speciation. In this article, the effect on sludge quality of two treatment methods, incineration and pelletization, has been determined for digested sludge from two treatment plants. The combined effect of nutrients and toxicants in sludge and sludge product was determined for spring wheat, Triticum aestivum, and the toxicity of the leachate water was determined for water fleas, Daphnia magna, and seeds of lettuce, Lactuca sativa. Toxicity Identification Evaluation was used to determine whether metals were possible toxicants. The results indicated that incineration decreased toxicity, whereas leachability of metals and the fertilizing effect was unaffected. Pelletization seemed to increase toxicity and leachability of metals and also decreased the fertilizing effect of the sludge. Thus, the results suggest that pelletization of digested sewage sludge increased the toxicity of the sludge and thus decreased the quality of the sludge, whereas incineration apparently reduced toxicity for the two sludges tested.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Fjällborg B,Gustafsson Ndoi
10.1007/s00244-005-0037-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-10-01 00:00:00pages
367-76issue
3eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nesting in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore and along the Wisconsin shoreline of Lake Superior produced an average of 0.8 young/occupied nest and had an average nest success of 57% during 1983-1988, compared to 1.3 young/occupied nest and 77% nest success in inland Wisconsi...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065326
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The herbicides atrazine and linuron, found in Wisconsin's groundwater, were tested alone and in combination, both in vivo and in vitro, to determine their individual and combined genotoxic effects. Human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to either 1 microgram/ml linuron or 0.001 microgram/ml atrazine showed little chromoso...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00212084
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) embryos exposed to the pesticide Guthion (technical grade) and Guthion 2S (commercial formulation) was evaluated in modified Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay--Xenopus (FETAX) tests. The embryos were exposed to five or six increasing concentrations of pesticide in ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00214270
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effect of sublethal treatment (20% and 60% of LC(50)/24 h) of plant-derived molluscicides, viz. Polianthes tuberosa, Trachyspermum ammi, Allium sativum powder; Azadirachta indica oil; oleoresin of Zingiber officinale; and their active molluscicidal component in combination (1:5) with MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide on t...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449910024
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenic (As) is widely studied in several countries due to its toxicity to biota in the environment. Arsenic sources may be natural or anthropogenic, and the mobility of the element is ruled by physicochemical conditions that also define the dominant As species in the environment. Arsenic levels are evaluated in vario...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00244-018-00586-6
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intermolt crab Carcinus maenas and clam Ruditapes philippinarum were used to determine the toxicity of sediments collected in four Spanish ports (Cádiz, Huelva, Pasajes, and Bilbao) under laboratory conditions during 28 days. Sediment samples were analyzed to determine chemical concentration of metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu,...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-006-0121-4
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The two Noccaea species-Noccaea praecox originating from Mežica, Slovenia (Me) (Pb, Zn, Cd pollution) and Noccaea caerulescens from Redlschlag, Austria (Re) (high levels of Ni, Cr, Mg)-were studied to compare Cd accumulation and tolerance. After 120 days of plant cultivation in Cd-contaminated soil (90 mg Cd kg(-1) so...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-015-0198-8
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quantitative determination in organs of Oncorhynchus mykiss W. of a premetallized dye (C.I. Acid Violet 66) and the azoic base (C.I. Acid Red 217), used in wool dyeing, is studied in this paper. UV-VIS Spectrophotometry was used for the chromatic quantification and atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the detec...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00212276
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of Cu and Cd on functional responses of hemocytes in Tapes philippinarum, a Veneridae clam widespread in the lagoon of Venice, were evaluated. Bivalves were exposed for 7 days to various concentrations of CuCl(2) x 2H(2)O (0, 10, 60, and 110 microg/L) and CdCl(2) x H(2)O (0, 150, 300, and 450 microg/L). He...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002440010234
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have indicated that chemicals, e.g., hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) decrease plasma thyroxin levels through interaction with transthyretin. As a consequence, plasma vitamin A and thyroxin are depleted. Both thyroxin and vitamin A are important regulators of normal epithelial differentia...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00225989
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the lower course of the Imo River (Nigeria) was investigated to determine the sources and fate of these compounds. The aliphatic fraction is characterized by a widespread contribution of highly weathered/biodegraded hydrocarbon residues (r...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-015-0237-5
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Total mercury (Hg) was determined in milk, eggs, beef, pork, human head hair, soil and water obtained from four geographical areas of North Dakota. The sampling areas were selected on the basis of differences in prevalent agricultural practices, climate and topography. Statewide average Hg concentrations in ppb were m...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02220741
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied distribution of pentachlorophenol (PCP)--a major environmental pollutant--between egg-phosphatidylcholine (egg-PC) membranes and water. The objectives were (1) to compare the membrane-water partition of the un-ionized (HA) and ionized (A) PCP, and (2) to establish similarities and differences between t...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00210732
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The exposure and effects of persistent environmental contaminants were investigated in great blue heron (Ardea herodias) nestlings sampled in 2001, 2002, 2006, and 2007 in freshwater and estuarine heronries along the St. Lawrence River, Québec (Canada). Biomarkers (retinoids, thyroid hormones, and clinical parameters)...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0364-2
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-eight urban volunteers from the Lincoln and Omaha, Nebraska areas were monitored for carbaryl exposure during the summer of 1979. All volunteers were involved in the application of carbaryl incidental to their employment or leisure activities. The investigators made no attempt to affect the method of carbaryl a...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055187
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pilot whales strand periodically along the U.S. coast, and these strandings offer an opportunity for the collection of tissues for biomonitoring of contaminant exposure in cetaceans, as well as for specimen archiving. Concentrations of organochlorine (OC) contaminants (e.g., PCB congeners, pesticides, DDTs) were measu...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900497
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and estrogenic activity in the porewaters of two river basins in southern Italy that had different features. Three samples from each site were collected in different seasons from 7 sites for a total of 21 samples. Mutagenicity was measured with the Ames test with and without...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-013-9928-y
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Juvenile common carp were exposed for 28 days to three different sublethal copper concentrations (0.20 microM, 0.55 microM, and 0.80 microM). Food consumption was monitored on a daily basis during the exposure period, while growth, copper accumulation, energy stores, and nucleic acid contents were assessed weekly. Cop...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900271
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Earlier incubation and greenhouse studies in our laboratory confirmed the effectiveness of drinking-water treatment residual (WTR) in decreasing soil arsenic (As) bioaccessibility as determined with in vitro tests, which led us to hypothesize a similar outcome if animal studies were to be conducted. Our objective was ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-009-9318-7
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copper and zinc contents have been determined in up to 28 species of edible mushrooms from different sites in the province of Lugo (NW Spain). Two hundred thirty-eight collected samples were analyzed by an anodic stripping voltammetric technique using a drop mercury as the working electrode. The results showed that th...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-002-2051-0
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated interactions between low pH, high nitrate level, and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light on the survival and activity level of larval Cascades frogs (Rana cascadae). We used a fully factorial experimental design, with pH levels of 5 and 7; initial "pulse" nitrate exposure levels of 0, 5, and 20 mg/L; and UV-B p...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002440010132
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mineralization rates of fenamiphos sulfoxide (FSO), total-toxic-residue [TTR, FSO+fenamiphos sulfone (FSO2)] disappearance rates for FSO, disappearance rates of FSO2, and metabolites in surface and subsurface soil samples collected from a turfgrass site (fairway) were determined. This site had been treated with fenami...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00213395
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is difficult to determine the deposition levels of gaseous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as even atmospheric PAHs mainly exist in the gas phase. Gaseous PAH fluxes across the air-water interface were measured in Merinos, Bursa, Turkey. Direct gaseous fluxes of PAHs were measured intermittently for the pe...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-007-9096-z
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The high use of pesticides in intensive rice farming in the Mekong Delta constitutes a potential hazard to the environment and to people's health. Chlorpyrifos ethyl (CPF) is a commonly used organophosphate (OP) insecticide, but information about its potential negative impacts on the aquatic environment in the Mekong ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-015-0182-3
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In terms of reproductive and other adverse outcomes after exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, and furans, the mink (Mustela vison) is one of the most sensitive mammals. Our objective was to determine if there are differences in the concentrations of total mercury (Hg), total PCBs, and dioxin-furan t...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-009-9365-0
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The floristic composition, the abundance, and the cover of pioneer plant species of spontaneously formed plant communities and the content of total phenolics and phenolic acids, as humus constituents, of an ash deposit after 7 years of recultivation were studied. The restoration of both the soil and the vegetation on ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-005-0071-2
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight species of birds (129 individuals) were collected from three agricultural areas with long histories of pesticide use in northwestern Mexico. Plucked carcasses were analyzed for organochlorine (OC) pesticides and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). DDE was found in all of the samples and at higher levels than other OCs. ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01183876
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concentrations of booster antifouling compounds in the port of Osaka, Japan were assessed. Concentrations of Sea-Nine 211 (4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3-isothiazolone), thiabendazole (2-(4-thiazolyl)-benzimidazole), IPBC (3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate), Diuron (3,4-dichlorophenyl-N, N-dimethylurea), Irgarol 1051 (2-meth...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0084-2
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is continuing concern that release of certain chemicals into the environment leads to human exposure to toxins, particularly through contaminated ground and surface waters. The triazine herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamine-6-isopropylamino-S-triazine) is routinely found as a contaminant in many surface and ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-003-3087-5
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to 0, 10, 30, and 70% (v/v) of a secondary-treated, integrated thermomechanical-bleached kraft pulp and paper mill effluent. The immunological parameters oxidative burst and phagocytosis of head kidney macrophages and total and differential circulating leukocyt...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0093-1
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
