Abstract:
:We assessed the in vitro toxicity of tenofovir (TFV) and compared it with those of zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), ritonavir (RTV), and lopinavir (LPV) alone and in combination in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs). The cells were treated with various concentrations and combinations of the tested antiretrovirals for up to 22 days, and cytotoxicity was determined. In addition, we assessed the levels of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and cytochrome oxidase II (COII) mRNA in RPTECs treated with reverse transcriptase inhibitors. TFV alone was not associated with significant cytotoxicity. ddI showed pronounced cytotoxicity that was greater than those of AZT (P = 0.002) and TFV (P = 0.0001). The combination of 10 muM RTV and 40 muM LPV significantly reduced RPTEC viability (P < 0.0001), and TFV tended to partially reduce this effect. TFV alone affected neither mtDNA nor COII mRNA levels, whereas ddI caused a profound depletion of mtDNA and a parallel reduction in COII mRNA expression. The effects of ddI, but not those of AZT, on mtDNA and COII mRNA were further enhanced in the presence of TFV, a finding consistent with the inhibition of ddI clearance by TFV. The addition of TFV to ddI or AZT appeared to slightly increase the COII mRNA/mtDNA ratio relative to that in cells treated with ddI or AZT alone. Together, these in vitro results indicate that combination with other antiretrovirals does not significantly increase the toxic potential of TFV in RPTECs.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Vidal F,Domingo JC,Guallar J,Saumoy M,Cordobilla B,Sánchez de la Rosa R,Giralt M,Alvarez ML,López-Dupla M,Torres F,Villarroya F,Cihlar T,Domingo Pdoi
10.1128/AAC.00437-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-11-01 00:00:00pages
3824-32issue
11eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596pii
AAC.00437-06journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The release of inflammatory bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/endotoxin, may be increased upon the administration of antibiotics. An improved quantitative understanding of endotoxin release and its relation to antibiotic exposure and bacterial growth/killing may be gained by an integrated analysis o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02070-19
更新日期:2020-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Using an isogenic system, we have determined the impact that the four promoters known to control bla(TEM) gene expression have on beta-lactamase activity. For both TEM-1 and TEM-30, this activity gradually increased in relation to the presence of promoters P3, Pa/Pb, and P4 upstream of the corresponding gene. Promoter...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.12.4035-4037.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA microarrays were used to analyze Candida glabrata oropharyngeal isolates from seven hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients whose isolates developed azole resistance while the recipients received fluconazole prophylaxis. Transcriptional profiling of the paired isolates revealed 19 genes upregulated in the ma...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00535-10
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We adopted an in vitro infective endocarditis model (IVIEM) to compare the efficacy of vancomycin (VAN), arbekacin (ABK), and gentamicin (GEN) alone or in combination. Using two strains of clinically isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, one GEN susceptible (GS171) and one GEN resistant (GR153), fibrin...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.47.12.3768-3773.2003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the minimum exposure times of prazicuantel (PZQ) and albendazole sulfoxide (ABZSO) required for their activities against Taenia cysts in vitro as well as the 50 and 99% effective concentrations. The results showed that although the effects of both drugs are time and concentration dependent, ABZSO acts ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.6.2302-2304.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Killing by beta-lactams is well known to be reduced against a dense bacterial population, commonly known as the inoculum effect. However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is not well understood. We proposed a semi-mechanistic mathematical model to account for the reduced in vitro killing observed. Time-kill...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01831-09
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryomicrotomy has been used as a new technique for removing gastric mucosae from adult guinea pigs for the study of amoxicillin secretion across gastric mucosae. This method allowed a very regular thickness of the removed surface layer of mucosa to be obtained with good reproducibility. Gastric superficial mucosa conc...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.3.766
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 521 unique clinical isolates from cancer patients with primarily (>90%) bloodstream infections were tested for susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam and comparators using broth microdilution methods. Ceftazidime-avibactam inhibited 97.8% of all Enterobacteriaceae (n = 321) at the susceptibility breakpoint...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02106-16
更新日期:2017-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Triazoles are first-line agents for treating aspergillosis. The prevalence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is increasing, and cross-resistance is a growing concern. In this study, the susceptibilities of 40 A. fumigatus clinical isolates were tested by using the CLSI method with amphotericin B, itraconazo...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01141-13
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma hominis was highly susceptible to two new quinolones, with MICs for 90% of isolates tested of 0.004 micrograms/ml for WIN 57273 and 0.063 micrograms/ml for sparfloxacin, which were activities much greater than the 1 microgram/ml found for ofloxacin and tetracycline. Although Ureaplasma urealyticum was less ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.7.1515
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nikkomycins are nucleoside-peptide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces species with antifungal activities through the inhibition of chitin synthesis. We investigated the antifungal activities of nikkomycin Z alone and in combination with fluconazole and itraconazole. Checkerboard synergy studies were carried out by a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.6.1401
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in 34 febrile neutropenic patients (40 courses) were compared with those in 40 nonneutropenic patients receiving the drug. No pharmacokinetic differences were seen in half-life, volume of distribution (liter per kilogram; total and ideal body weight), or clearance (milliliter per min...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.33.11.1890
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of ciprofloxacin for experimental aortic valve endocarditis in rabbits infected by either a methicillin-susceptible or a methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus was compared with standard therapy of nafcillin or vancomycin, respectively. After 4 days of therapy, ciprofloxacin reduced the cou...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.30.3.382
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Moxalactam (LY127935) exhibited greater in vitro activity than cefamandole and tobramycin against clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas maltophilia. The activities of the three drugs against other microorganisms were as follows: for staphylococci, cefamandole = tobramycin great...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.17.4.750
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three hundred ninety-four patients, aged 6 months to 12 years, entered a multicenter, randomized, controlled, investigator-blind study comparing cefdinir, 7 mg/kg of body weight twice a day, with cephalexin, 10 mg/kg four times a day, each given for 10 days. The most common infections treated were impetigo and seconda...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.4.739
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oxazolidinones are a novel class of antibiotics that inhibit initiation of protein synthesis in bacteria. In order to investigate their novel mechanism of action, the interactions of several oxazolidinones with bacterial 70S ribosomes, 50S subunits, and 30S subunits have been characterized by (1)H nuclear magnetic...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.3.625-629.2002
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is generally believed that bactericidal and bacteriostatic drugs should not be combined in vivo, in vitro experiments using the checkerboard dilution technique revealed no antagonism between penicillin/cephalothin and rolitetracycline but rather additive or synergistic activity of either drug combination i...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.10.5.802
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The comparative in vitro activity of SMT19969, a novel, narrow-spectrum, nonabsorbable agent, was studied against 50 ribotype-defined Clostridium difficile strains, 174 Gram-positive and 136 Gram-negative intestinal anaerobes, and 40 Gram-positive aerobes. SMT19969 was one dilution more active against C. difficile iso...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01136-13
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a major source of nosocomial infections worldwide and is mainly associated with the acquisition of OXA-type carbapenemases and, to a lesser extent, metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). In this study, 82 nonepidemiologically related Acinetobacter strains carrying different types ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.03870-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::beta-Lactam antibiotics are extremely effective in disrupting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. However, they are ineffective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, due to the production of a beta-lactamase enzyme encoded on the chromosome of M. tuberculosis that d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00320-06
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::6-Nonadecynoic acid (6-NDA), a plant-derived acetylenic acid, exhibits strong inhibitory activity against the human fungal pathogens Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. In the present study, transcriptional profiling coupled with mutant and biochemical analyses were conducted usin...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05663-11
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The penetration of intravenously administered cefuroxime into ventricular fluid was assessed in five pediatric patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections and in one with a ventriculostomy infection. Patients received a total dose of 200 to 230 mg of cefuroxime per kg of body weight per day administered at 8-h...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.33.7.1108
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combination of liposomal amphotericin B (LAMB) and caspofungin (CAS) holds promise to improve the outcome of opportunistic invasive mycoses with poor prognosis. Little is known, however, about the safety and pharmacokinetics of the combination in patients at high risk for these infections. The safety and pharmacok...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.00425-10
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 2-year follow-up results for a randomized placebo-controlled study of 47 patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis treated with either the new diarylquinoline TMC207, recently renamed bedaquiline, or placebo, added to the first 8 weeks of a background regimen, are presented. Bedaquiline significantl...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.06126-11
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::MICs, time-kills, and postantibiotic effects (PAEs) of ABT-773 (a new ketolide) and 10 other agents were determined against 226 pneumococci. Against 78 ermB- and 44 mefE-containing strains, ABT-773 MICs at which 50% of the isolates tested were inhibited (MIC(50)s) and MIC(90)s were 0.016 to 0.03 and 0.125 microgram/ml...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.7.1894-1899.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present case histories of four patients treated with artemether-lumefantrine for falciparum malaria in UK hospitals in 2015 to 2016. Each subsequently presented with recurrent symptoms and Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia within 6 weeks of treatment with no intervening travel to countries where malaria is endemic....
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02382-16
更新日期:2017-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Foscarnet is widely used for the treatment of acyclovir-resistant herpesvirus infections, and foscarnet-resistant herpesvirus infections are a serious concern in immunocompromised patients. Twenty-seven single-plaque isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) resistant to foscarnet were selected from foscarnet- a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.2.606-611.2005
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolones is caused predominantly by amino acid substitutions at positions Ser79 of ParC and Ser81 of GyrA to either Phe or Tyr encoded in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the parC topoisomerase IV and gyrA DNA gyrase genes. Analysis of highly resistant c...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.6.2479-2486.2005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that genetic disruption of Toxoplasma gondii calcium-dependent protein kinase 3 (TgCDPK3) affects calcium ionophore-induced egress. We examined whether Plasmodium falciparum CDPK1 (PfCDPK1), the closest homolog of TgCDPK3 in the malaria parasite P. falciparum, could complement a TgCDPK3 mutant...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02261-13
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to recommendations of the 6th WHO Advisory Committee on Buruli ulcer, directly observed treatment with the combination of rifampin and streptomycin, administered daily for 8 weeks, was recommended to 310 patients diagnosed with Buruli ulcer in Pobè, Bénin. Among the 224 (72%) eligible patients for whom treat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00175-07
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00