Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and trichotillomania (compulsive hair-pulling) share overlapping co-morbidity, familial transmission, and phenomenology. However, the extent to which these disorders share a common cognitive phenotype has yet to be elucidated using patients without confounding co-morbidities. AIM:To compare neurocognitive functioning in co-morbidity-free patients with OCD and trichotillomania, focusing on domains of learning and memory, executive function, affective processing, reflection-impulsivity and decision-making. METHOD:Twenty patients with OCD, 20 patients with trichotillomania, and 20 matched controls undertook neuropsychological assessment after meeting stringent inclusion criteria. RESULTS:Groups were matched for age, education, verbal IQ, and gender. The OCD and trichotillomania groups were impaired on spatial working memory. Only OCD patients showed additional impairments on executive planning and visual pattern recognition memory, and missed more responses to sad target words than other groups on an affective go/no-go task. Furthermore, OCD patients failed to modulate their behaviour between conditions on the reflection-impulsivity test, suggestive of cognitive inflexibility. Both clinical groups showed intact decision-making and probabilistic reversal learning. CONCLUSIONS:OCD and trichotillomania shared overlapping spatial working memory problems, but neuropsychological dysfunction in OCD spanned additional domains that were intact in trichotillomania. Findings are discussed in relation to likely fronto-striatal neural substrates and future research directions.
journal_name
Neuropsychologiajournal_title
Neuropsychologiaauthors
Chamberlain SR,Fineberg NA,Blackwell AD,Clark L,Robbins TW,Sahakian BJdoi
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.07.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-03-02 00:00:00pages
654-62issue
4eissn
0028-3932issn
1873-3514pii
S0028-3932(06)00315-0journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA文献大全abstract::If it can be assumed that positive affect modulates cognitive control, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The main aim of this study was to investigate how positive affect influences proactive and reactive modes of control and to explore the temporal dynamic of this influence, in terms of its transient and/or s...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.021
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroimaging evidence suggests that the parietal lobe has an important role in memory retrieval, yet neuropsychology is largely silent on this topic. Recently, we reported that unilateral parietal lobe damage impairs various forms of visual working memory when tested by old/new recognition. Here, we investigate whethe...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.005
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The schizophrenia deficit in facial emotion recognition could be accounted for by a deficit in processing the configural information of the face. The present experiment was designed to further test this hypothesis by studying the face-inversion effect in a facial emotion recognition task. The ability of 26 schizophren...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.008
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory of mind (ToM) - our ability to predict behaviors of others in terms of their underlying intentions - has been examined through verbal and nonverbal false-belief (FB) tasks. Previous brain imaging studies of ToM in adults have implicated medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) for adu...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.11.017
更新日期:2007-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::In statistics and machine learning, model accuracy is traded off with complexity, which can be viewed as the amount of information extracted from the data. Here, we discuss how cognitive costs can be expressed in terms of similar information costs, i.e. as a function of the amount of information required to update a p...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.09.013
更新日期:2019-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Difficulty interpreting facial expressions has been reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and is thought to be associated with amygdala abnormalities. To further explore the neural basis of abnormal emotional face processing in ASD, we conducted an fMRI study of emotional face matching in high-functioning adults...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.07.022
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excitatory anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS) over the left dorsal prefrontal cortex (DPFC) has been shown to improve language production. The present study examined neurophysiological underpinnings of this effect. In a single-blinded within-subject design, we traced effects of A-tDCS compared to ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.10.015
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reward-predicting stimuli can induce maladaptive behavior by provoking action tendencies that conflict with long-term goals. Earlier, we showed that when human participants were permitted to respond for a reward in the presence of a task-irrelevant, reward-predicting stimulus (i.e. goCS+ trials), the CS+ provoked an a...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.01.016
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have reported the existence of rich non-spatial visual object representations in both human and monkey posterior parietal cortex (PPC), similar to those found in occipito-temporal cortex (OTC). Despite this similarity, we recently showed that visual object representation still differ between OTC and PPC...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107140
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 'dysexecutive syndrome' represents a major challenge to functional recovery and adaptation following brain injury--and an important target for rehabilitation. Previous reports of everyday difficulties, and performance on complex, life-like tasks, indicate that an adequately represented goal may become neglected as...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00094-x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Broca's area in the inferior frontal gyrus consists of two cytoarchitectonically defined regions-Brodmann areas (BA) 44 and 45. Combining probabilistic maps of these two areas with functional neuroimaging data obtained using PET, it is shown that BA45, not BA44, is activated by both speech and signing during the produ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00125-8
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Verbal and visual memory performances were evaluated in 60 epileptic children and 60 normal control subjects with Signoret's Memory Battery scale. Eighteen patients had idiopathic generalized epilepsy and 42 had partial epilepsy, mostly of the temporal (n = 28) and frontal (n = 10) lobes. Memory scores were statistica...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(93)90101-5
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although a large body of research has implicated the hippocampus in the processing of memory for temporal duration, there is an exigent degree of inconsistency across studies that obfuscates the precise contributions of this structure. To shed light on this issue, the present review article surveys both historical and...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107300
更新日期:2020-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Topographagnosia is most commonly attributed to an agnosia for landmarks. In order to define the nature of this agnosia, we studied a patient with isolated topographic disorientation (TD) after a stroke in the right medial occipitotemporal region. The patient got lost in familiar environments but could readily read an...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00041-1
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In everyday social interactions, hearing our own first name captures our attention and gives rise to a sense of self-awareness, since it is one of the most socially self related stimulus. In the present study, we combined ERPs and PET scan methods to explore the cerebral mechanisms underlying the detection of our own ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.07.002
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four forebrain commissurotomized patients were compared with one partially commissurotomized control subjects on their ability to cross-compare simultaneously flashed bilateral visual stimuli (colors, schematic faces, numbers, letters, patterns) as same or different, or to name the two stimuli. Two of the four patient...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(84)90059-9
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined remote spatial memory in a test that spans several months to determine whether remote memories are spared relative to more recent ones, as predicted by models of memory consolidation. At 3, 6 or 12 months of age, groups of rats received forced-choice training as to the location of food rewar...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.01.013
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) consistently emerges in other-regarding behavior, including tasks probing affective phenomena such as morality and empathy. Yet the TPJ is also recruited in processes with no affective or social component, such as visuo-spatial processing and mathematical cognition. We present seren...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107654
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated if the neural mechanisms involved in processing distance (near and far) and frame of reference (egocentric and allocentric) can be dissociated. 36 participants completed a conjunction visual search task using either an egocentric (deciding if the target was to their left or right) or an allocen...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.12.019
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Very few studies have investigated autobiographical memory in the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia (fv-FTD). The aim of this study was therefore to unravel the mechanisms of autobiographical memory disruption in general and in the anterograde and retrograde components of amnesia in particular, in patients su...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.031
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with visual field disorders often exhibit impairments in visual exploration and a typical defective oculomotor scanning behaviour. Recent evidence [Bolognini, N., Rasi, F., Coccia, M., & Làdavas, E. (2005b). Visual search improvement in hemianopic patients after audio-visual stimulation. Brain, 128, 2830-2842...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.10.008
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A time-sharing paradigm was used to assess hemispheric lateralization for both language and visuo-spatial processing in right-handed, left-handed and stuttering populations. A right hand only tapping disruption, indicative of left hemisphere interference, accompanied concurrent verbal tasks only in the dextral group. ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(82)90067-7
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serial reaction time (SRT) task has been frequently used to assess procedural learning of sequences. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been reported to show deficits on this task, but it is as yet unclear whether this impairment reflects a general sequencing deficit or a deficit in the sequencing of moto...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(00)00059-2
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophysiological responses, accuracy and reaction time were recorded while 7-11-year-olds with typical development (TYP; N=30) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD; N=19) inhibited conflicting information. Relative to the TYP group, children with ASD had larger decrements in accuracy for incongruent trials and were s...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.10.017
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memory processes can be enhanced by reward, and social signals such a smiling face can be rewarding to humans. Using event-related functional MRI (fMRI), we investigated the rewarding effect of a simple smile during the encoding and retrieval of face-name associations. During encoding, participants viewed smiling or n...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.013
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theoretical accounts suggest that mirror neurons play a crucial role in social cognition. The current study used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate the association between mirror neuron activation and facial emotion processing, a fundamental aspect of social cognition, among healthy adults (n=20). ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.04.022
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electrophysiological correlates of retrieval cue processing were investigated in healthy young (18-30 years) and older (63-75 years) subjects (n = 16 per group). Retrieval orientation--the differential processing of cues according to the form of the sought-for information--and retrieval difficulty were manipulated...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.03.009
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With respect to what frames of reference, or spatial coordinate systems, is attention allocated to locations in space? We posed this question about the spatial attention system that has been damaged in neglect patients, distinguishing among three possible types of spatial reference frame: viewer-centered, according to...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(90)90060-2
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The case of a patient with selective left hemispheric medial and lateral temporal lobe damage is described. The patient was of slightly supra-average intelligence and had no problems in normal memory functions, but was severely anomic with respect to people's names. One month post-onset, this deficit held for names of...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(96)00120-0
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Warrington and Shallice (Brain 103, 99-112, 1980) proposed that letter-by-letter readers can no longer access the visual word-form system, and read by using the spelling system 'in reverse'. Contrary to their suggestion, this paper presents the case of a letter-by-letter reader who appears to use quite different strat...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(92)90003-5
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00