Abstract：
:The aetiology of depression remains tentative. Current hypotheses on the aetiology of the depressive disorder tend to integrate monoaminoergic, neuroendocrine and immunological concepts of depression. A number of research papers emphasise the altered hormonal and immune status of patients with depression with pronounced cytokine level variations. Those studies tend to link the variable course of depression in relation to the altered proinflammatory activity of the immune system. The results of the studies on the activity of the selected elements of the immune system are ambiguous indicating both increased and decreased activities of its selected elements. However, a number of basic and psychopharmacological studies support the hypothesis of the increased proinflammatory activity of the immune system in the course of depression which is the foundation for the immunological hypothesis of depression. The aim of this paper is to review the functional abnormalities that are observed in depression focusing on the monoaminoergic deficiency and increased immune activation as well as endocrine dysregulation. This paper puts together and discusses current studies related to this subject with a detailed insight into interactions involving nervous, endocrine and immune systems.
journal_name
Psychiatr Poljournal_title
Psychiatria polskaauthors
Cubała WJ,Godlewska B,Trzonkowski P,Landowski Jsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-05-01 00:00:00pages
431-44issue
3eissn
0033-2674issn
2391-5854journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Basing on the latest world literature the paper presents the profile of pharmacological and clinical effects of sulpiride, an atypical neuroleptic which has only recently become available in Poland. The author promotes the clinical application of sulpiride. ...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many animal models in different species have been developed for mental and behavioral disorders. This review presents large animals (dog, ovine, swine, horse) as potential models of this disorders. The article was based on the researches that were published in the peer-reviewed journals. Aliterature research was carri...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.12740/PP/74304
更新日期：2017-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:AIM : Current studies show that diabetic patients are at greater risk of developing psychiatric disorders than general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of depressive symptoms in school-aged children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS:The study involved 477 children with T1D, ...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/35649
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Premorbid adjustment of 100 hospitalized adolescent patients and its correlation with some clinical variables was assessed and compared with a group of 100 healthy adolescents. The hospitalized group of patients was divided into four diagnostic subgroups according to the diagnostic criteria of ICD 9: psychoses, neuros...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data was collected from 90 persons in relation to the level of their emotional reactions to life's difficulties as well as to the number of somatic symptoms. It was concluded that falling ill with certain infectious diseases and some psychosomatic states are related to the increased level of emotional processes and th...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurotransmitter theories of the pathogenesis and treatment of mood disorders presented so far focused mainly on serotonergic and catecholaminergic (noradrenergic and dopaminergic) transmission. In recent decades the attention has been also directed towards a role in the pathogenesis of mood disorders of stress ax...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anorexia nervosa constitutes amajor challenge to medical practitioners, especially clinicians, due to a high rate of chronicity and a very serious risk of relapse. One of the underlying causes of this state of affairs is the ego-syntonicity of the disorder, which differentiates it from similar conditions, and which is...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/118601
更新日期：2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Verification of the level of social support perception and sense of life in patients with anxiety disorder and healthy people; evaluation of the relationship between these variables. METHODS:The Social Support Questionnaire short version (F-SozU K-22) by G. Sommer and T. Fydrich and the Life Attitude Profil...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/81447
更新日期：2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The aim of the study is to investigate the significance of psychiatrists' personal variables in treatment and functioning of persons suffering from schizophrenia. METHODS:150 patients with schizophrenia indicated by 30 psychiatrists were included in the study. Data was collected during single interview with the us...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/19655
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Combined biological and psychological basis of anorexia nervosa, related to increased self-control, low self-esteem and peculiar motivation, makes a synthetic approach still hard to achieve. The presented study assessed cognitive functions in anorectic patients with respect to both neuropsychological (test of atten...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The author discusses the present state and needs of psychogeriatry in Poland. He considers the situation within the period of 33 years, which, in his opinion, has not been distinctly improved in spite of growth of old age disorders and various psycho-social threats connected with economical difficulties. The author di...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Schizophrenia is a disorder with different outcomes. Besides the positive and negative symptoms, cognitive impairment is an important core feature of schizophrenia and often pre-dates the disorder. Cognition has consistently been related to outcome in schizophrenia. Given this finding and the fact that diagnosing a...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/37438
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to identify groups of alcohol-dependent individuals differing in the severity of childhood physical, emotional and sexual abuse and to find the personality variables that discriminate between those groups. METHODS:The study included 90 individuals dependent on alcohol. The followin...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/60346
更新日期：2016-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The approach towards the issues of depression and mental health problems of mentally disabled persons is discussed in the paper. The author discussed the various susceptibilities, resistances and typical mental health disturbances of mentally disabled persons as well as their diagnostic criteria and methods of measuri...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol has been established as a teratogenic agent that in prenatal exposure can cause a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes depending on dose, timing, and conditions of exposure. Although alcohol, like many other teratogenes, can cause alterations in morphology, growth, and neurobehavioral outcomes, this report fo...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The symptoms of dissociation, depersonalization and derealization are often associated with exposure of patients to mental and physical injuries, usually occurring in childhood. Most of these observations were carried out in populations of patients with various disorders (posttraumatic, conversion-dissocia...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/36296
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The data have been presented for possible association between low total serum cholesterol concentration and the increased risk of suicidal and aggressive behavior. The analysis of results from some long-term epidemiological studies shows an excess of suicides and violent death cases among persons with low baseline tot...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined 1H MRS detected metabolite levels (in left frontal, temporal lobes and thalamus) and clinical and cognitive features of patients with first-episode and chronic schizophrenia. METHOD:We studied 31 first-episode patients (group 1) and 17 chronic patients (group 2) with ICD-10 diagnosis of s...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ziprasidone is an atypical antipsychotic with affinity to the D2, 5HT2A, 5HT2C, 5HT1A, 5HT1B/1D receptors. It is available in both oral and intramuscular forms. It is well absorbed from the digestive tract and its absorption increases after the meal. Ziprasidone is used for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar m...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of effects of amitriptyline, imipramine, maprotiline, mianserin , clomipramine and citalopram was performed in 84 patients (49 females and 35 males) age on average 40 years with diagnosis of affective psychosis treated in the Department of Psychiatry Medical School of Szczecin. Antidepressants independently...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A group of 50 patients aged from 12 to 20 with anorexia nervosa was examined: 40 persons with a diagnosis of restricting type and 10 with binge-eating type according to DSM IV. The level of intelligence quotient (IQ) was estimated by using Wechsler Test, selfacceptation by SQ and aspiration by TAT and test of unfinish...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cloze procedure was used to examine: predictability in speech samples from schizophrenics and their mothers as well as their ability to gain from the redundancy of language. Schizophrenic patients were found to be less predictable than normals, both schizophrenics and their mothers were less able to make use of th...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is impossible to think about psychotherapy without reference to the cultural context. In order to understand the development of this domain it is helpful to apply the concept of cultural discourse. When we think about the over one hundred years' history of psychotherapy it becomes clear that understanding of a pers...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Drug addiction belongs to those phenomena of social pathology with complex canses, mechanisms and conditionings. Drug addiction mainly concerns young people, also those from the military environment despite the fact that recruitment boards consider detected drug addicts-conscripts to be completely or tempora...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to investigate the general knowledge and attitudes towards ECT among Polish students, including students of medical faculties. Furthermore, the influence of pop-culture on society's opinion about ECT was investigated. METHODS:For this purpose, 1,370 students have been examined with ...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/109157
更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The paper discusses the controversy surrounding the medical ethics code. It was noticed that there exists a lack of a psychiatric regulation in the law. Also, considered were the dangers for the patient associated with the low tolerance of the society and with the reform of the health care system. Historic cases of ab...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Aggressive and impulsive behaviour are common in Alzheimer's dementia. Therapy of these disorders is an important but difficult practical question. AIM:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pharmacological treatment of aggressive behaviour, while taking into account the dynamics of diseas...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The study was aimed at finding relationships between self-concept, alcohol expectancies and drinking in the group of high school students. It was expected that a higher level of alcohol consumption was related to lower self-concept and positive expectancies concerning alcohol use. METHOD:The group of 229 Polish hi...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Internet Addiction Disorder can be defined as "the inability of individuals to control their internet use, resulting in marked distress and/or functional impairment in daily life." It carries the same social aftermath of impulse control and substance misuse disorders such as loss of control, craving and with...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/32500
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of the presented study was to analyse associations between drug-resistant depression and the way the illness is described by patients and members of their families. In particular, a hypothesis to be verified was that being ill may be a factor stabilising the family system, and consequently treatment ...
journal_title：Psychiatria polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/39750
更新日期：2018-06-30 00:00:00
