Abstract:
:Flexible working hours can have several meanings and can be arranged in a number of ways to suit the worker and/or employer. Two aspects of "flexible" arrangement of working hours were considered: one more subjected to company control and decision (variability) and one more connected to individual discretion and autonomy (flexibility). The aim of the study was to analyze these two dimensions in relation to health and well-being, taking into consideration the interaction with some relevant background variables related to demographics plus working and social conditions. The dataset of the Third European Survey on working conditions, conducted in 2000 and involving 21,505 workers, was used. Nineteen health disorders and four psycho-social conditions were tested by means of multiple logistic regression analysis, in which mutually adjusted odds ratios were calculated for age, gender, marital status, number of children, occupation, mode of employment, shift work, night work, time pressure, mental and physical workload, job satisfaction, and participation in work organization. The flexibility and variability of working hours appeared inversely related to health and psycho-social well-being: the most favorable effects were associated with higher flexibility and lower variability. The analysis of the interactions with the twelve intervening variables showed that physical work, age, and flexibility are the three most important factors affecting health and well-being. Flexibility resulted as the most important factor to influence work satisfaction; the second to affect family and social commitment and the ability to do the same job when 60 years old, as well as trauma, overall fatigue, irritability, and headache; and the third to influence heart disease, stomachache, anxiety, injury, and the feeling that health being at risk because of work. Variability was the third most important factor influencing family and social commitments. Moreover, shift and night work confirmed to have a significant influence on sleep, digestive and cardiovascular troubles, as well and health and safety at work. Time pressure also showed a relevant influence, both on individual stress and social life. Therefore, suitable arrangements of flexible working time, aimed at supporting workers' coping strategies, appear to have a clear beneficial effect on worker health and well-being, with positive consequences also at the company and social level, as evidenced by the higher "feeling to be able to work until 60 years of age".
journal_name
Chronobiol Intjournal_title
Chronobiology internationalauthors
Costa G,Sartori S,Akerstedt Tdoi
10.1080/07420520601087491subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
1125-37issue
6eissn
0742-0528issn
1525-6073pii
X4063400W4412463journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract:OBJECTIVE:Morning stiffness and plasma cytokine levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients exhibit 24-hour variations. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a central role in RA clinical conditions, including the invasion of inflammatory cells, destruction of cartilage, systemic inflammatory response and its levels s...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.878350
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abstract::Several substances change the period length of the circadian oscillator in the laminar pulvinus of Phaseolus coccineus L. if offered continuously via the transpiration stream to the isolated leaves in continuous light and constant temperature. The osmotica mannitol and PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycol) lengthen the circa...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528509055537
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abstract::In Cushing's syndrome, the cortisol rhythm is impaired and can be associated with the disruption in the rhythmic expression of clock genes. In this study, we evaluated the expression of CLOCK, BMAL1, CRY1, CRY2, PER1, PER2, PER3 genes in peripheral blood leukocytes of healthy individuals (n = 13) and Cushing's disease...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
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abstract::Boundaries between work and private life are diminishing, but little is known on how this influences worker health. Therefore, we examined the association between work-related contacts outside of regular working hours by e-mail or phone and self-reported health in a representative sample of European employees (n = 23 ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.800089
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of circadian clocks in the regulation of adult physiology in mammals is well established. In contrast, the ontogenesis of the circadian system and its role in embryonic development are still poorly understood. Although there is experimental evidence that the clock machinery is present prior to birth, da...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2014.986576
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonergic neurotransmission and the master circadian CLOCK gene are physiological modulators of the circadian system. In addition, both are involved in the physiopathology of metabolic syndrome (MS). The authors sought to examine the potential effect of the gene-gene interaction between the functional 44-bp inserti...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.496913
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abstract::The circadian rhythms of food and water consumption, the number of feeding and drinking episodes, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory quotient, gross motor activity, and body temperature were measured in male B6C3F1 mice that were fed ad libitum (AL) or fed a caloric-restricted diet (CR). The CR...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420529009064635
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abstract::Morningness-eveningness (chronotype) indicates the preferred time of intellectual and physical activity. This cross-sectional study had two main aims. The first aim was to explore associations among chronotype, quality of life, and relationship quality. The second aim of this study was to examine whether the similarit...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2020.1802289
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abstract::This study investigates if the serotoninergic system plays a role in chronotoxic effects of the anticancer agent oxaliplatin (l-OHP). Four groups of female rats (120 in total) synchronized with light-dark (12 h:12 h) were treated with: (i) saline, (ii) para-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA, an inhibitor of serotonin biosynth...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/cbi-120015957
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postoperative delirium, a common perioperative complication, is frequently observed in elderly surgical patients. Few studies have investigated the life rhythm of preoperative patients, and whether or not the preoperative life rhythm is associated with the development of postoperative delirium. The purpose of this stu...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2020.1764012
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian central pacemaker, driving circadian rhythms in behavior, physiology, and metabolism, is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. At the molecular level circadian clocks are based on a system of transcriptional/translational feedback loops oscillating with a period of about 24h. I...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/cbi-120022408
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of rest-activity rhythm on the survival of cancer patients. This study collected data related to cancer patients experiencing pain who had been hospitalized for treatment between August 2006 and October 2007. Data included the Karnofsky Performance Status Inde...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2014.931412
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Good sleep hygiene practices, including consistent bedtimes and 7-9 h of sleep/night, are theorized to benefit educational learning. However, individuals differ in how much sleep they need, as well as in their chronotype preference. Therefore, some students may be more vulnerable to the cognitive effects of sleep loss...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2018.1539401
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::One proposed hypothesis regarding the etiology of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is that there is a subgroup of patients in which symptom onset is precipitated by a viral infection. If this is indeed true, then one would anticipate a greater incidence of the emergence of CFS symptoms during months when viral infection...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/cbi-100103194
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, a peptic ulcer is considered from the perspective that it is representative of a heterogeneous group of multifactorial determined or influenced disorders having a common pathomorphologic expression. This heterogeneity involves pathophysiological attributes, including both functional (including secretory...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/07420528709078511
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) has become increasing common, especially in developed countries. We investigated the effect of dALAN exposure during sleep in healthy young male subjects. A total of 30 healthy young male volunteers from 21 to 29 years old were recruited for the study. They were randomly di...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3109/07420528.2015.1108980
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The contribution of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to the development of congestive heart failure (CHF) and hypertension (HT) has long been recognized. Medications that are commonly used in the course of CHF and HT are most often given with morning food for the sake of convenience and therapeutic comp...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2014.897711
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The specific circadian role proposed for endogenous melatonin production was based on a study of sighted people who took low pharmacological doses (500 microg) of this chemical signal for the "biological night": the magnitude and direction of the induced phase shifts were dependent on what time of day exogenous melato...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420520500398064
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present article analyzes locomotor activity rhythms in Tinca tinca. To that end, three different experiments were conducted on 24 animals (20 g body weight) kept in pairs in 60-liter aquaria fitted with infrared sensors connected to a computer to continuously record fish movements. The first experiment was designe...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/cbi-120025246
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In two experiments, triazolam (2.5 and 1.5 mg/animal) failed to significantly enhance the rate of reentrainment of hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) to an 8-hr advance of their light-dark cycle. Evidently the phase-shifting effects of triazolam are not robust. The animals did not run much in their wheels in response to ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420529009056952
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is strong association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and increased prevalence of hypertension, risk of end-organ damage, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Non-dipping, as determined by ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring (ABPM), is frequent in CKD and has also been consistently associated with increa...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.703083
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evening chronotype is strongly associated with greater alcohol use, though mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. The current study evaluated emotion regulation as a potential mechanism linking evening chronotype and alcohol use. Participants were 81 undergraduate students. Chronotype was ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420528.2020.1800028
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The last 20 yrs have seen a marked increase in studies utilizing actigraphy in free-living environments. The aim of the present study is to directly compare two commercially available actigraph devices with concurrent polysomnography (PSG) during a daytime nap in healthy young adults. Thirty healthy young adults, ages...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.782312
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Daily schedules of many organisms, including birds, are thought to affect fitness. Timing in birds is based on circadian clocks that have a heritable period length, but fitness consequences for individuals in natural environments depend on the scheduling of entrained clocks. This chronotype, i.e., timing of an individ...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.707159
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus controls circadian rhythmicity in mammals (for reviews, see Refs. 33 and 59). Responses modulated by the SCN are numerous and include rhythms in sleep/wake cycles, locomotor, gnawing and general activity, temperature, ingestive behavior, and rhythms of hormonal and...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/07420529808998706
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The appropriate time and place for sleep and waking are important factors for survival. Sleep and waking, rest and activity, flight and fight, feeding, and reproduction are all organized in relation to the day and night. A biological clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), synchronized by photic influences and other...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/07420520500545961
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Workers who meet the criteria for shift work disorder (SWD) have elevated levels of risk for various health and behavioral problems. However, the impact of having SWD on shiftworkers engaged in rapid-rotation schedules is unknown. Moreover, the risk factors for the occurrence of SWD remain unclear. To clarify these is...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420528.2012.762010
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many immune parameters exhibit daily and circadian oscillations, including the number of circulating cells and levels of cytokines in the blood. Mice also have a differential susceptibility to lipopolysaccharide (LPS or endotoxin)-induced endotoxic shock, depending on the administration time in the 24 h light-dark (LD...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420520903408358
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To compare the behavioral effects of sleep-loss sleepiness (performance impairment due to sleep loss) and sleep inertia (period of impaired performance that follows awakening), mean response latencies and number of lapses from a visual simple reaction-time task were analyzed. Three experimental conditions were designe...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07420520802397228
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed the effect of natural solar insolation and artificial photoperiodic conditions on melatonin MT1 receptor expression of a tropical rodent, Funambulus pennanti. Melatonin mediates reproductive and circadian responses and regulates the production of a large number of cytokines, including interleukin-2 (IL-2),...
journal_title:Chronobiology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07420520903540960
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00