Abstract:
:Among the most striking epidemiologic characteristics of prostatic cancer in the United States is the sizeable excess in rates for the disease among blacks as compared with whites. This study attempted to determine whether the higher black rates might be explained by controlling for social class, using mortality data from Alameda County for the pericensal period 1968--1972 (n = 400), and the population-based series of cases for Alameda County included in the Third National Cancer Survey, 1969--1971 (n = 750). Reviewed first are previous studies addressed to the relationship of prostatic cancer and socioeconomic status (SES), most of which have been confined to whites. In the present study, each death or case was assigned to a socioeconomic class based on census tract of residence and rates by race and social class determined. Comparison of age-specific mortality and incidence rates by SES reveals no gradient for prostatic cancer in either whites or blacks.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Ernster VL,Selvin S,Sacks ST,Austin DF,Brown SM,Winkelstein W Jrdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112546subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-04-01 00:00:00pages
311-20issue
4eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Approximately 40,000 blood samples drawn in 1968-1972 by the Social Insurance Institution's mobile clinic in Finland have been stored. Linking cancer incidence data obtained from the Finnish Cancer Registry with this material yielded 32 cases of cervical cancer diagnosed after drawing of the blood sample. These 32 ind...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116656
更新日期:1993-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common worldwide perinatal infection. Although usually asymptomatic, it may cause deafness in up to 15% of these infants. A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the age-specific prevalence of CMV seropositivity in Chinese children and to determine if any risk factors for infectio...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115467
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence rate for acute traumatic spinal cord injury in Olmsted County, Minnesota, for 1935-1981, standardizing for age, sex, and calendar year, was 54.8 per million person-years--83.4 for males and 27.7 for females. Thirty-eight per cent of cases died prior to hospitalization. The annual incidence rate for those...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114058
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A community sample made in the fall of 1972 in Durham County, North Carolina, and that consisted of 331 persons 65 years of age and older was assessed for adequacy of social support along three parameters: roles and available attachments, perceived social support, and frequency of social interaction. This approach to ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113351
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single patient isolation of adults to prevent spread of infection was studied in five high occupancy community hospitals. The acceptable standard was a guideline for isolation in hospitals, published by the Center for Disease Control (CDC). Overusage of single patient isolation was found to vary between 4% and 96% of ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112468
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method for estimating the causal relationship between an exposure and an outcome using a genetic factor as an instrumental variable (IV) for the exposure. In the traditional MR setting, data on the IV, exposure, and outcome are available for all participants. However, obtaining comple...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt084
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The involvement of organophosphate insecticides in cognitive disorders is supported by epidemiologic and biological evidence, but the effects of long-term exposure remain debated. We studied the association between organophosphate exposure and cognitive performance in vine workers from the PHYTONER study cohort in the...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kws346
更新日期:2013-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers were monitored for five years with samples from 79 keratoconjunctivitis patients with type 8 adenovirus (AV-8) infection. Geometric mean antibody titers declined from 1:161 at the peak of the epidemic to 1:56 after five years. Computerized analysis of the decline ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112797
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of exposure misclassification has received considerable attention in the epidemiologic literature, with the result that methods for correcting many summary risk estimates for such misclassification are well known. However, the application of such methods typically requires more data than are usually publi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117653
更新日期:1995-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Willingness of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients to volunteer names of friends as potential control subjects was assessed from August through December 1988 in a case-control study at the National Cancer Institute and Naval Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland. Friend controls appeared ideal to examine a genetically determi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115803
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have provided evidence of an inverse association between atopic allergic conditions (AACs) and invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in predominantly white populations. We examined the association between AACs (asthma, hay fever, or allergy) and CRC among white, African-American, Native Hawa...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwu361
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors sought to assess the reliability and validity of two motion activity sensors in the prediction of observed physical activity levels in adults and children by means of two studies at North Dakota State University in Fargo, North Dakota. In study 1, 50 adults were observed in fall 1984 for one hour of recrea...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114121
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A small number of prior epidemiologic studies of occupational noise exposure based on self-report have suggested an association with acoustic neuroma. The goal of the present study was to further examine the association between noise exposure and acoustic neuroma by using an objective measure of exposure in the form o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwm217
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential role of psychological stress in pancreatic cancer has rarely been investigated in epidemiologic studies. During 1991-2009, we conducted a nested case-control study based on Swedish national population and health registers to investigate whether severe psychological stress induced by the death of a child ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt045
更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The association between cervical carcinoma and vaginal douching was examined in a population-based case-control study conducted in the low-risk population of Utah between 1984 and 1987. The authors compared 266 cases of in situ and invasive cervical carcinoma with 408 group-matched controls by vaginal douching behavio...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115890
更新日期:1991-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Data from 12 US case-control studies of ovarian cancer, conducted during the period 1956-1986 and representing some 3,000 cases and 10,000 controls, were pooled and reanalyzed. Separate analyses were conducted for four subgroups of the pooled data: invasive epithelial ovarian cancers in white women; epithelial ovarian...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116426
更新日期:1992-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Daily temperatures and snowfall were related to coronary and stroke deaths in selected standard metropolitan statistical areas for the 5-year period 1962-1966. Typically an inverse approximately linear pattern of coronary heart disease (CHD) and of stroke mortality with temperature was seen over the greater part of th...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112261
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors characterized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence and prospective changes in self-reported risk behavior over 2 years among 1,158 injection drug users (IDUs) recruited in Chennai, India, in 2005-2006. At baseline, HIV prevalence was 25.3%, and HCV prevalence was 54.5%. ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwq288
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the relationship of per capita coffee imports and consumption, total dietary fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, tobacco, cigarettes, and national income for 1957-1965 to age-adjusted pancreatic cancer death rates of men and women from 22 countries in 1971-1974. With simple correlation analysis, coffe...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113674
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periconceptional intake of folic acid prevents some neural tube defects (NTDs). Other nutrients may also contribute to NTD etiologies; a likely candidate is choline. Similar to folic acid, choline is involved in one-carbon metabolism for methylation of homocysteine to methionine. The authors investigated whether mater...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
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doi:10.1093/aje/kwh187
更新日期:2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::In view of the carcinogenic potential and widespread use of conjugated estrogens (CEs), this study evaluated patterns and determinants of oral ambulatory CE use. Among 1273 women 30 to 69 years of age interviewed in Greater-Boston hospitals, there were 161 (13%) ever-users of CEs; 88 (7%) had used the drug within the ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112731
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the spring of 1986, the authors studied the relation between body mass index and anthropometric indicators of fat distribution to cardiovascular risk factors (serum lipids and blood pressure) in approximately 450 women aged 38 years randomly selected from population registers in five European centers. Waist circumf...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
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更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increased risk of death in persons who have suffered spousal bereavement has been described in many populations. The impact of modifying factors, such as chronic disease and material circumstances, is less well understood. The authors followed 171,720 [corrected] couples 60 years of age or older in a United Kingdom...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kws162
更新日期:2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hearing impairment (HI) is prevalent, is modifiable, and has been associated with cognitive decline. We tested the hypothesis that audiometric HI measured in 2013 is associated with poorer cognitive function in 253 men and women from Washington County, Maryland (mean age = 76.9 years) in a pilot study carried out with...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwu333
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors examined the impact of cumulative neighborhood risk of psychosocial stress on allostatic load (AL) among adolescents as a mechanism through which life stress, including neighborhood conditions, may affect health and health inequities. They conducted multilevel analyses, weighted for sampling and propensity...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kws185
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In his 1976 paper "Estimability and Estimation in Case-Referent Studies" (Am J Epidemiol. 1976;103(2):226-235), Miettinen weaved together a patchwork of new ideas into a coherent view of case-control studies. His article spurred theoretical development in epidemiologic methods and became a platform for teaching about ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx074
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the possible association between body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) and hospitalization or treatment for acute infection in a prospective cohort study. We linked 75,001 women enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort from 1996 to 2002, who had information on BMI and a broad range of co...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwv300
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Familial resemblance in the blood pressure response to sodium restriction in normotensive persons was investigated. Forty-four families of identical twin children participated in a sodium restriction (less than or equal to 75 meq/day) protocol for a period of 12 weeks. Subjects were residents of central Indiana, and t...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114719
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present report evaluates a method for the determination of the maximal velocity of the outward sodium, potassium, chlorine (Na-K-Cl) cotransport in erythrocytes. The loading procedure was carried out using the ionophore nystatin. The technical error for this assay, based on concurrent analysis of randomized blind ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using 1973-2000 mesothelioma incidence data released by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program in April 2003, the authors estimated the parameters of a birth-cohort and age model to determine whether previously reported patterns of mesothelioma in the United States have changed. Compared with analyses...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwh025
更新日期:2004-01-15 00:00:00