Abstract:
:Ischemic brain damage can be prevented or at least significantly reduced when there is a preceding brief ischemic period that does not exceed the threshold for tissue damage--a phenomenon termed "ischemic preconditioning" (ischemic PC). Experimental PC in rodents is now considered to be a model for transient ischemic attacks in humans, and there is increasing hope for translating the knowledge of underlying mechanisms in the animal models into the clinic to enhance endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms in patients with stroke. However, although PC was originally defined as a subtoxic stimulus without any morphologic damage, there is a growing body of evidence from studies using sensitive techniques that postischemic structural alterations of brain tissue manifest not only after ischemia with prior PC but also after the PC stimulus itself. Furthermore, it has become evident over time that the primary shortcomings of many experimental studies on PC are the short observation intervals. The few studies with extended postischemic survival periods done to date provide clear evidence of considerable structural changes and even cell death, which may only be postponed by PC. Therefore, further studies are needed to elucidate structural long-term changes after PC and to validate the persistence of the neuroprotective effects.
journal_name
J Neuropathol Exp Neuroljournal_title
Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurologyauthors
Sommer Cdoi
10.1097/nen.0b013e3181630ba6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-02-01 00:00:00pages
85-92issue
2eissn
0022-3069issn
1554-6578journal_volume
67pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Neoplastic transformation is often associated with aberrant gap junctional intercellular communication. We assessed mutations and expression of the connexin43 (Cx43) gene in 49 intracranial meningiomas. SSCP analyses followed by direct DNA sequencing showed GCG-->GTG (Ala-->Val) transition mutation in codon 253 of the...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frontotemporal dementias (FTDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders that are characterized clinically by dementia, personality changes, language impairment, and occasionally extrapyramidal movement disorders. Historically, the diagnosis and classification of FTDs has been fraught with difficul...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/64.5.420
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) mediate fast synaptic transmission in autonomic ganglia, which innervate and control the activity of most visceral organs. By combining ultrastructural, immunocytochemical, and pharmacological analyses, we characterized the nAChR subtypes in the rat superior cervical ganglion...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/63.2.138
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endoneurial lead and water content was serially evaluated in the nerves of rats fed lead carbonate and related to the onset and severity of segmental demyelination and remyelination. Lead began to accumulate significantly in the endoneurium by 5 days, reached a maximum level (71 microgram/g dry weight) by 34 days,...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198011000-00008
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A noninvasive photodynamic method has been developed to produce focal brain necrosis using porphyrin activated in vivo with laser light. After peripheral injection of the photosensitive porphyrin derivative, Photofrin I, mice were irradiated on the posterior lateral aspect of the head through the intact depilated scal...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198909000-00005
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alpha-synuclein (alpha-synuclein) lesions are characteristic of idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) and other alpha-synucleinopathies. To study the frequency of alpha-synuclein lesions in normal aging and how frequently they coexist with lesions of Alzheimer disease (AD), we examined the autopsy brains from normal and d...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/64.2.156
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence has demonstrated a vital role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in diverse biological processes. However, their functions in developing brain with hypoxia-ischemia (HI) remain largely unknown. Through a miRNA microarray analysis in a P10 rat model of cerebral HI, we found that miR-30d-5p was one of the most de...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/nlx052
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lewy body-like hyaline inclusions in the soma and swollen, cord-like cell processes are characteristic alterations of the anterior horn cells in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with posterior column and spinocerebellar tract involvement. A fine structural analysis of these two structures has been performe...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198409000-00002
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This morphometric study explores temporal and topographic changes in the estimated neuronal number in human neocortex during the latter half of gestation and early infancy. Neuronal estimates are calculated from standardized measurements of cortical layer thickness and neuronal density in 6 neocortical regions in 9 hu...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune mechanisms have been increasingly recognized in the pathogenesis of hippocampal sclerosis (HS), but infiltration of cytotoxic T-cells and its pathological significance in patients with HS has not been explored. We examined 30 cases of surgically resected hippocampi, including 16 International League Against Epi...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/nlx001
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult male rats were housed in a colony environment for six months, with ad lib access to anise-flavored 10% ethanol in water. Animals were then removed from the colony, and their consumption of alcohol during a period in isolated housing was measured. Individual rats were scored as high, moderate, and low consumers. ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198309000-00009
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral accumulation of amyloid-beta (Abeta) is characteristic of Alzheimer disease and of amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice. Here, we assessed the efficacy of CI-1011, an inhibitor of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase, which is suitable for clinical use, in reducing amyloid pathology in both ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181e77ed9
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The abundant axonal microtubule-associated protein tau regulates microtubule and actin dynamics, thereby contributing to normal neuronal function. We examined whether mice deficient in tau (Tau(-/-)) or with high levels of human tau differ from wild-type (WT) mice in their susceptibility to neuroaxonal injury in exper...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e3182540d2e
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical biopsies of 17 patients with diagnoses of congenital malformation, cerebral tumor or brain trauma complicated by subdural hematoma or hygroma were studied with the electron microscope; the alterations of the blood-brain barrier in moderate and severe perifocal cerebral edema were observed. Moderate edema was ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198005000-00006
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the key role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the modulation of cerebral cortical output, little is known about their development in the human cortex. We analyzed several GABAergic parameters in standardized regions of the cerebral cortex and white matter in a total of 38 human fetuses and infants from...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e31822f471c
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of experimental obstructive jaundice on the oxidative status of brain tissues in rats was examined. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Group I was the control, group II was the sham operated, and groups III and IV were bile duct ligated and killed on the 5th and the 10th day, respectiv...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.jnen.0000200152.98259.4e
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Daumas-Duport grading scheme (DDGS) is a commonly used method for determining the grade of a tumor. It scores 4 histologic features and is used as a prognostic tool in adult astroglial tumors. This system of assigning children to prognostically homogeneous groups has not been evaluated. The Childhood Brain Tumor C...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199811000-00006
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) is a nonhypertensive hereditary cerebral small vessel disease that is caused by mutations in a single gene, HTRA1. The HTRA1 protein normally represses transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and its mutations ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jnen/nlw078
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two basic proteins, P1 of molecular weight 14,200 and P2 of molecular weight 12,300, purified from bovine peripheral nerve, were assayed for biological activity. The P1 protein is an exclusively neuritogenic agent, capable of producing clinical signs of experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) and histological abnormaliti...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-197501000-00004
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Truncations of tau protein at aspartic acid421 (D421) and glutamic acid391 (E391) residues are associated with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brains of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Using immunohistochemistry with antibodies to D421- and E391-truncated tau (Tau-C3 and MN423, respectively), we correlated the ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e31817275c7
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of 43 human gliomas, consisting of 30 glioblastomas, 7 anaplastic astrocytomas, 3 low grade astrocytomas, 2 ependymomas, and 1 oligodendroglioma, was studied for amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) genes. DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-emb...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-199501000-00007
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence indicates that alterations within the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are involved at an early stage in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathogenetic cascade. In this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neurophysiologic analyses, and histologic analyses were used to monitor the extent of P...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0000000000000081
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The choroid plexus (CP) is considered to be a point of leukocyte entry into the CNS during normal immune surveillance and in neuroinflammatory diseases. The structural and functional alterations within the CP that support this migration are not understood. We used quantitative, high-resolution, 3-dimensional (3-D) flu...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0000000000000127
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of hypoglycemia on cerebrovascular permeability to a protein, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), were studied in mice given 3 or 8 units of crytalline zinc insulin intraperitoneally. HRP (10 mg in 0.1 ml saline) was injected intravenously 15 to 20 minutes prior to sacrifice. Both mildly and severely hypoglycemi...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-198005000-00004
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified myelin from the peripheral nervous system of guinea pig, frog (Rana catesbeiana), rat, rabbit, beef, and human in Freund's adjuvant were injected into the Lewis rat. Groups of rats receiving injections of myelin from different species were examined for signs of dysfunction and lesions in the PNS and CNS. Inje...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-197907000-00003
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), produced in inbred guinea pigs given a single inoculation during the juvenile period with isologous spinal cord in complete Freund's adjuvant, has been studied by light and electron microscopy. Most animals showed a delayed onset of nurologic signs from 12 to 68 w...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005072-197505000-00001
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate cognitive performance among persons who did and did not develop clinical Alzheimer disease (AD) but had AD neuropathology at autopsy, we examined neuropsychological performance in cognitively healthy (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] = 0) participants who returned for at least 1 follow-up and died within 2 y...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0000000000000254
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue microarrays (TMAs), also known as "tissue chips," are a recently developed method that allows small cores or discs of tissue from dozens or hundreds of (usually paraffin-embedded) specimens to be re-embedded in a tissue block, which can then be further sectioned. The tissue cores can subsequently be studied usi...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jnen/61.8.653
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in dysferlin cause an inherited muscular dystrophy because of defective membrane repair. Three interacting partners of dysferlin are also implicated in membrane resealing: caveolin-3 (in limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 1C), annexin A1, and the newly identified protein mitsugumin 53 (MG53). Mitsugumin 53 ...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/NEN.0b013e31821350b0
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain atrophy is a common finding in patients with AIDS, but the relationship of atrophy to HIV-associated dementia is unclear. We used unbiased, stereological methods on postmortem brain specimens to estimate volumes of different brain regions in patients prospectively diagnosed with and without HIV-associated dement...
journal_title:Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00