Abstract:
:Circulating HIV antigens and HIV specific antibodies in sera of experimentally infected chimpanzees were monitored by ELISA immunoassay, Western blot, and radioimmunoprecipitation procedures. Three of three chimpanzees given plasma from patients with AIDS or ARC tested positive for HIV antigens beginning six to ten weeks after transfusion. Antigen production rose sharply but was of short duration. Despite their proven infectivity and the presence of anti-HIV antibody, all donors to these chimpanzees tested negative for the HIV antigen. Of the three animals that developed HIV antigen one animal did not produce any HIV antibodies or evidence of disease. A second produced antibodies to only the p24 and p18 antigens and remained clinically well. The third produced antibodies beginning with anti-p24, to all the major HIV proteins except gp120, and then developed marked lymphadenopathy which persisted for 32 weeks. Antibody persistence after the disappearance of clinical disease was variable and was greatest for gp41 and least for p24. These data may be of value in the interpretation of human serological testing for HIV and in further studies of the sequence of events leading to the pathological effects of HIV infection. A significant value of the chimpanzee model is the capacity of this animal to respond in a variety of ways to HIV infection, suggesting the existence of successive or alternate states of early HIV infection, and may have implications in the design of early interventions.
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
Saxinger C,Alter HJ,Eichberg JW,Fauci AS,Robey WG,Gallo RCdoi
10.1089/aid.1987.3.375subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
375-85issue
4eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::HIV-1 subtype B isolates have previously been described in India only in the state of Andhra Pradesh, while subtype C isolates have been reported as widespread in the Bombay and Goa regions of India. Gag subtype was determined in HIV-1 isolates from six Indians and one Ethiopian. One Indian was a native of Goa resid...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1996.12.641
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A better understanding of the structure and biochemical properties of the replicative machinery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may be useful in the screening and design of drugs that could be used to treat AIDS. We have previously described a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli that produces HIV-1 r...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1990.6.753
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared HIV-1 subtype B reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease mutation patterns in isolates from heavily treated persons in Northern California with those from persons described in the published literature predominantly from other parts of the United States and Europe. There were few differences in the prevalenc...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922203322493085
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Similarly to HIV-infected cells, recombinant HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 induces acid-labile interferon production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors. Acid lability of this interferon is due to the presence of both IFN-alpha and -gamma molecules. In fact, although not revealed by neutralization of an...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1993.9.957
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies to the carboxy-terminal constant (C5) region 5 of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 have previously been associated with slow disease progression. This is one of the regions on gp120 that interact with the transmembrane glycoprotein, gp41, anchoring it to the viral and infected cell membrane. This study...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2016.0184
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acquisition of cellular proteins by HIV-1 virions is known to alter the physiology of the virus in vitro. Reported studies of this aspect have been largely limited to transformed T cell lines. In this study, we investigated the incorporation of major histocompatibility antigens (HLAs) on a primary macrophage-tropic is...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922299311682
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of change in body fat and metabolic parameters in a South African cohort on a first line ART regimen containing stavudine. Fasting lipogram, blood glucose and insulin levels, CD4 cell count, viral load, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and skinfold thickness at the tri...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0308
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied vertical transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) to determine whether it might provide a model with which to study intervention strategies for mother-to-offspring transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We found that pregnant cats acutely infected with FIV (FIV-CSU-2771) transmitted ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.171
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV prevalence in the Limpopo Province has increased rapidly within the past 10 years, as in other parts of South Africa. Little is known about the genetic and biological properties of HIV circulating in this region including the baseline drug resistance profiles. We therefore collected blood samples from 42 HIV-1-inf...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.103
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding factors that affect heterosexual transmission of HIV in women is of great importance. Lactobacilli in the lower genital tract of women utilize glycogen in vaginal epithelial cells as an energy source and produce lactic acid. The resultant vaginal acidity is believed to provide protection against HIV infe...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2011.0071
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that HIV can infect thymocytes at different maturational stages and lead to changes in the thymic microenvironment. To determine the effect of HIV on thymic stromal cells and the production of cytokines important in thymocyte development, three types of adherent thymic cu...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.1221
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate how human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gains entry to the placenta, we have performed in vitro experiments in which highly purified trophoblast cells isolated from term human placentas were examined for their susceptibility to HIV infection. Trophoblast cells were exposed to cell-free HIV-1 for...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1991.7.735
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed amino acid, nucleotide sequence, and RNA secondary structure variability in the env gene of human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1). In applying algorithms for computing optimal RNA-folding patterns to a nonredundant data set of 178 env nucleotide sequences, we found a conserved RNA stem-loop struct...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220260190353
更新日期:2002-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Using blood samples from primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) patients obtained in Lyon, France, we characterized the newly transmitted HIV-1 variants in this area during the 1992-1996 period. As PHI samples allowed the precise timing of the transmission event, we were able to date the introduction of non-B subtypes or recom...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/0889222041524607
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) that can target HIV strains with large degrees of variability have recently been identified. However, efforts to induce synthesis of such bNAbs that can protect against HIV infection have not met with much success. Identification of specific epitopes encoded in the HIV-1...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2018.0224
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to predict virus coreceptor utilization using a simple bioinformatics method based on genotypic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 (HIV-1) env V3 loop sequences of 28 infected but drug-naive women during pregnancy and their infected infants and to better understand coreceptor usage in vertical ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2010.0142
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Taiwan, sexual transmission is responsible for most HIV-1 infections with two dominant subtypes, subtype B and CRF01_AE, distributing among homosexual and heterosexual groups, respectively. Recently, intravenous drug use has become an emerging route of HIV-1 transmission and contributed to a significant increase of...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.1055
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytotoxic T lymphocytes that specifically lyse HIV-1-infected cells occur at uncommonly high frequency in the blood of infected individuals. The CTL response is dominated by the recognition of a small number of peptides encoded by HIV-1 structural and regulatory genes. These two facts have enabled us to develop potent...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.257
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence derived from studies concerning brain metabolism and brain electrical activity suggests that temporal lobe functioning is impaired in the course of HIV infection. To test the hypothesis of temporal lobe dysfunction in HIV infection, we utilized computerized electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis to evaluate temp...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1996.12.547
更新日期:1996-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Although suppression of HIV-1 RNA below the limit of detection is associated with optimal outcomes, many patients can maintain or increase their CD4(+) count for prolonged time periods in the presence of persistent low-level viremia. We followed seven patients with prolonged (>5 years) discordant CD4(+)/viral load (VL...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.13
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The derivation of ethyl-methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenized subclones from the CEM T-cell line has been described. These clones expressed CD4 and bound soluble gp120, however, two of the generated clones were markedly reduced in their ability to form syncytia after infection with either gp160-vaccinia vector or cell-fr...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.1139
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether V3-binding assays might be useful to analyze human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants in different geographic regions. We showed that strong cross-reactivity between subtype-specific V3 peptides is almost inevitable in standard indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (EIA), impa...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1996.12.1279
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying and monitoring HIV clusters could be useful in tracking the leading edge of HIV transmission in epidemics. Currently, greater specificity in the definition of HIV clusters is needed to reduce confusion in the interpretation of HIV clustering results. We address sampling density as one of the key aspects of...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2014.0173
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aim to determine the prevalence of HIV nonsuppression and factors associated with it. This is a cross-sectional multicenter study carried out in January 2016 with data of the VACH Cohort, a registry participated by 23 hospitals from most regions of Spain. The prevalence of HIV nonsuppression, defined as HIV RNA ≥20...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2020.0016
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokine receptors are molecules involved in the fusion of immunodeficiency viruses after their attachment. As chimpanzees are the animal model for infection by HIV-1, we cloned and sequenced chimpanzee CXCR4 and CCR5 from PBMCs. Chimpanzee CXCR4 was found to be identical to human CXCR4, which provides an explanation...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1583
更新日期:1997-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Eight HIV-2-infected Caucasian men living in the same geographical area in Gipuzkoa (northern Spain) have been identified in the last 5 years. HIV-2 infection in this area is uncommon, and no other cases of HIV-2 infection have been found after extensive testing for HIV-1/2 antibodies. Epidemiological data suggested a...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201750102481
更新日期:2001-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::An aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri (Euphorbiaceae) inhibited human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1-RT). The inhibitor against HIV-1-RT in this plant was purified by combination of three column chromatographies, Sephadex LH-20, cellulose, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chroma...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.1937
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reports on the drug resistance profiles for HIV-infected pediatrics in Jamaica who have been exposed to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The genetic diversity of HIV-1 found in these patients was also determined using phylogenetic analysis. The protease-reverse transcriptase (Pro-RT) region of the genome was a...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0122
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the heterogeneity and intactness of the vif gene in six HIV-1-infected individuals at various clinical stages. The proviral vif sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were amplified by PCR, followed by cloning and sequencing of 45 vif clones. The intraindividual diversity of the vif genes ranged fr...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1996.12.1543
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the rising HIV incidence in men who have sex with men (MSM) despite repeatedly proven effectiveness of oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, behaviorally congruent periodic dosing strategies, such as dosing microbicides as lubricants, are now in demand. Rectal microbicide gel studies largely administer gels using v...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2016.0318
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00