Abstract:
:A better understanding of the structure and biochemical properties of the replicative machinery of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may be useful in the screening and design of drugs that could be used to treat AIDS. We have previously described a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli that produces HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Fermentation conditions for the large-scale growth of the bacterial strain and a protocol for the purification of an enzymatically active 66-Kd form of the RT have been developed. The purified RT has all of the appropriate enzymatic functions and properties. The recombinant protein can be substituted for the viral enzyme in structural and biochemical studies and used in screens for drugs that could inhibit HIV replication.
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
Clark PK,Ferris AL,Miller DA,Hizi A,Kim KW,Deringer-Boyer SM,Mellini ML,Clark AD Jr,Arnold GF,Lebherz WB 3rddoi
10.1089/aid.1990.6.753subject
Has Abstract,Author List Incompletepub_date
1990-06-01 00:00:00pages
753-64issue
6eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::DC-SIGN, a C-type lection expressed on dendritic cells, enhances HIV-1 infection in cis and in trans. HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC viruses have been the predominant strain found among injection drug users in southern China and Taiwan. The goal of this study was to map the DC-SIGN-interactive domain o...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2010.0215
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, complex HIV-1 recombinations among the B', C, and CRF01_AE genotypes have frequently arisen in Yunnan, China. A novel HIV-1 complex circulating recombinant form (CRF) consisting of B', C, and CRF01_AE (CRF96_cpx) was recently characterized from three epidemiologically unlinked individuals. Two strains of th...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2017.0288
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous studies have indicated that HIV transmission from infected mothers to infants occurs with viruses showing rapid kinetics of replication, and either resistance to maternal neutralizing antibodies or sensitivity to enhancing antibodies. The genotypic patterns that result in these and other phenotypic viral ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220050116998
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perinatal antiretroviral (ARV) exposure has been related to hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis in infants born to HIV-infected mothers. Our objective was to determine the incidence of these conditions during the first year of life in uninfected infants born to HIV-infected mothers and compare the data with infants bo...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2011.0198
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data reporting sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence rates among HIV-negative U.S. men who have sex with men (MSM) are lacking. In addition, it is difficult to analyze the effect of STI on HIV acquisition given that sexual risk behaviors confound the relationship between bacterial STIs and incident HIV. The I...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0013
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding factors that affect heterosexual transmission of HIV in women is of great importance. Lactobacilli in the lower genital tract of women utilize glycogen in vaginal epithelial cells as an energy source and produce lactic acid. The resultant vaginal acidity is believed to provide protection against HIV infe...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2011.0071
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed amino acid, nucleotide sequence, and RNA secondary structure variability in the env gene of human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1). In applying algorithms for computing optimal RNA-folding patterns to a nonredundant data set of 178 env nucleotide sequences, we found a conserved RNA stem-loop struct...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220260190353
更新日期:2002-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Intense research into fundamental processes of human immunodeficiency syndrome type 1 (HIV-1) replication has yielded knowledge that in many aspects equals or exceeds that of the oncogenic retroviruses. The availability of sensitive virus detection methods has allowed a more thorough characterization of the biology of...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.107
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously used immunotoxins to select for HIV-1 variant cells that transcribe HIV at extremely low levels and fail to produce HIV proteins. Further observation of one of these variants (E9) demonstrated spontaneous in vitro activation of HIV production. The mechanism of activation is different from that of U1...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/088922299310052
更新日期:1999-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages are a preferred target for sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates that use CCR5 as a coreceptor in combination with CD4. To assess whether the susceptibility of MDMs to infection by an R5 isolate was influenced by CD4 and/or CCR5 expression, levels of membrane CD4 or CCR5...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922299310494
更新日期:1999-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Older HIV-positive patients may experience reduced benefit and increased toxicities from combination antiretroviral therapies (cART) due to late diagnosis, weakened immune systems, and other age-related physiological changes. This study investigates the effect of age on time to virologic suppression and CD4 cell count...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2012.0018
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA of a recently described fifth exogenous retrovirus (HRV-5) has been found in blood samples from patients with autoimmune diseases and lymphoma. We analyzed HRV-5 sequence in DNA extracted from whole blood of 17 patients with T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 186 patients with hematological malignancies other...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201750290069
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study HIV-1 subtype C-infected adults demonstrated higher purifying selection on their viral populations in reverse transcriptase (RT) than infected children. This difference is likely explained by more mature cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in adults, which may have implications for the development of drug r...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0023
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using human macrophage hybridomas infected with HIV-1, we investigated monocyte function over a 5-week period after HIV-1 infection. Two clones, 63 and 30, were infected with HIV-1IIIB. Infection was documented by RT activity (15 x 10(6) cpm/ml), intracytoplasmic staining with an anti-p24 antibody, in situ hybridizati...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1993.9.657
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we report the construction, sequencing, and biological characterization of a molecular clone of HIV-1(92UG001), a virus representative of subtype D strains circulating in Uganda. The virus produced by the clone has an aggressive syncytium-inducing phenotype, which matches that of the parental virus. This phenotyp...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922202753394754
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reports on the drug resistance profiles for HIV-infected pediatrics in Jamaica who have been exposed to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The genetic diversity of HIV-1 found in these patients was also determined using phylogenetic analysis. The protease-reverse transcriptase (Pro-RT) region of the genome was a...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0122
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The surface envelope glycoprotein gp46 of the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 elicits a strong immune response. Its protective role against HTLV-1 infection in animal models is well established, suggesting that recombinant envelope glycoproteins or synthetic peptides could be used as an effective vaccine. However, ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220150503708
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared HIV-1 subtype B reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease mutation patterns in isolates from heavily treated persons in Northern California with those from persons described in the published literature predominantly from other parts of the United States and Europe. There were few differences in the prevalenc...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922203322493085
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human endogenous retrovirus, type K (HERV-K) represents the most biologically active form of known retroelements present in the human genome. Several HERV-K genomes have transcriptionally active open reading frames and encode their own protease (PR). The HERV-K PR has been shown to authentically cleave human immun...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922200750054701
更新日期:2000-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Up to now, all known env subtype E viruses (CRF01-AE) have had the same mosaic structure with subtype A, and no other env subtype E HIV-1 viruses with non-A subtypes in their genomes have been described. In this report we describe the full-length genome sequence of an env subtype E isolate with a recombinant genome di...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922200750054800
更新日期:2000-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to identify an immunological basis for natural resistance to HIV-1 infection, we have examined serum antibody responses to HLA class I antigens in female prostitutes of the Nairobi Sex Workers Study. Anti-HLA antibodies are known to block HIV infectivity in vitro and can be protective against SIV challeng...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.109
更新日期:1998-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to determine the frequency and profile of HIV-1 BF recombinants in vitro and in vivo. Laboratory HIV-1 strains from subtypes B and F were cocultured and evaluated. Clinical samples from the city of Santos, Brazil, where the first HIV-1 B/F circulating recombinant forms (CRF) were described, were also assesse...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2010.0023
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaginal SHIVSF162P3 acquisition in pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) is dependent on time point during the menstrual cycle. Susceptibility is higher around menstruation and lower at ovulation in mid cycle. This complicates the design of repeat low-dose (RLD) SHIV exposure studies because virus challenges given duri...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2014.0373
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T cell leukemia (ATL), an aggressive and fatal leukemia of CD4(+) T lymphocytes, and is also associated with a neurological demyelinating disease, tropical spastic paraparesis. The oncogenic potential of HTLV-1 resides in the 353-aa, 40-kD...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220050193047
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb), VAK 4, has been known to specifically react with a major core protein (p24) as well as with its precursor (p55-57) and intermediate precursor (p40) of human immunodeficiency virus strain IIIB (HTLV-IIIB). Radioimmunoprecipitation assays revealed that VAK 4 MoAb precipitated a major...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1988.4.409
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monocytes are known as an alternative target for HIV/SIV infection, but the contribution of monocytes to viral spread in a host is unclear. In this study, CD14 monocytes were monitored in 6 macaques until six weeks postinfection (wpi) with SIVmac239 to evaluate their contribution to viral load. The monocyte count in b...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.0208
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoliposomes containing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the costimulatory molecules CD28 and CTLA4 and their counterreceptors B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) were evaluated for the ability to increase the immune response to recombinant envelope protein rgp120 of the MN strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.409
更新日期:1998-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Analyses of serum samples and blood cells have revealed a dysregulation of the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system during HIV infection, which may be related to disease progression. As Fas and FasL have been suggested to participate in brain injury in a variety of CNS disorders, the aim of this study was to determine (1) whe...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922200309313
更新日期:2000-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV), although asymptomatic in most cases, can lead to severe illnesses, such as adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma or myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. HTLV can be transmitted by whole-blood (WB) transfusion. The prevalence of HTLV among blood donor populations has not b...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2018.0240
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many aspects of HIV-1 pathogenesis are affected by Nef protein activity, and efforts have been made to study variation in the nef gene and how that variation relates to disease outcome. We studied the genetic diversity of the nef gene in distinct clones obtained from the same patient (intrahost) and in sequences obtai...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0061
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00