Caenorhabditis elegans Model Studies Show MPP+ Is a Simple Member of a Large Group of Related Potent Dopaminergic Toxins.

abstract：:Estrogens and their oxidative metabolites, the catechol estrogens, have been implicated in the development of breast cancer; yet, relatively little is known about estrogen metabolism in the breast. To determine how the parent hormone, 17 beta-estradiol (E(2)), is metabolized, we used recombinant, purified phase I enzy...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Dawling S,Hachey DL,Roodi N,Parl FF

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetrabromobisphenol A, a brominated flame retardant, is increasingly prevalent worldwide and presents a potential health risk. Adjusted animal biomonitoring equivalents of tetrabromobisphenol A after orally administered doses in humanized-liver mice were scaled up to humans using known species allometric scaling facto...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Miura T,Uehara S,Shigeta K,Yoshizawa M,Kamiya Y,Murayama N,Shimizu M,Suemizu H,Yamazaki H

更新日期：2020-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies on the metabolic bioactivation of the psychotomimetic amine phencyclidine have been pursued through the characterization of a new metabolite which is formed via initial cytochrome P-450 catalyzed oxidation of the parent drug to the corresponding iminium species. CI mass spectrometric and diode array UV and 1H ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hoag MK,Schmidt-Peetz M,Lampen P,Trevor A,Castagnoli N Jr

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:E-cigarette flavorings have not been thoroughly evaluated for inhalational toxicity. We have shown that the flavoring chemical cinnamaldehyde impairs human neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells. Here we investigated the effects of other common e-liquid flavoring chemicals on phagocytosis and oxidative bur...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hickman E,Herrera CA,Jaspers I

更新日期：2019-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The measurement of metabolites constitutes a useful tool for detection of exposure and in pharmacokinetic studies. Epoxidation with subsequent glutathione conjugation and mercapturic acid formation is an important deactivation pathway for naphthalene, a toxin which presumably causes lung disease. The mercapturic acid ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Marco MP,Nasiri M,Kurth MJ,Hammock BD

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to the tobacco-related nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine is carcinogenic to humans. Metabolic activation of NNK leads to the formation of DNA adducts, which play a critical role in NNK carcinogenesis. Adducts specific to NNK result from covalent linkag...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sturla SJ,Scott J,Lao Y,Hecht SS,Villalta PW

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bay region epoxide of benzo[a]pyrene (anti-BPDE) alkylates DNA to form adducts with >98% trans stereochemistry. Halide ions catalyze this reaction; however, this pathway is characterized by the formation of adducts with altered cis stereochemistry. Bay region halohydrins are possible intermediates in these reactio...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Song Q,Negrete GR,Wolfe AR,Wang K,Meehan T

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During our ongoing studies of the reactions of toluene diisocyanate (2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, TDI) in vivo, it became apparent that reactive form(s) of these diisocyanates reach(es) the circulatory system after passage through the respiratory system. Based on recent work by others regarding the transcarbamoyl...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Day BW,Jin R,Basalyga DM,Kramarik JA,Karol MH

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allyl alcohol (AA) is one of the environmental pollutants used as a herbicide and industrial chemical. AA undergoes enzymatic oxidation in vivo to form Acrolein (Acr), a highly reactive and ubiquitous environmental toxicant. The exposure to AA/Acr has detrimental effects on cells and is highly fatal. In corroboration ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Golla U,Bandi G,Tomar RS

更新日期：2015-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Vinyl chloride and acrolein are important industrial chemicals. Both form DNA adducts, vinyl chloride after enzymatic oxidation to chlorooxirane and acrolein by direct reaction. Reaction at the N(2) position of guanine is a major pathway. The resulting 2-oxoethyl and 3-oxopropyl adducts cyclize spontaneously to hydrox...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nechev LV,Harris CM,Harris TM

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA molecules utilize adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine for coding genetic information. In addition to these four canonical nucleobases, DNA molecules also contain a variety of modified nucleobases that can control and regulate gene expression and chromosome structure. Elucidating the functions of DNA modificati...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yuan BF

更新日期：2020-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacodynamics of rat hepatic cytochrome P450 2B (P450 2B) induction by phenobarbital (PB) and two structural congeners, dl-5-ethyl-5-phenylhydantoin (EPH) and dl-5-ethyl-5-phenyloxazolidinedione (EPO), were investigated. The in vivo induction of P450 2B was probed in F344/NCr rats by measuring immunoreactive he...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nims RW,Sinclair PR,Sinclair JF,Thomas PE,Jones CR,Mellini DW,Syi JL,Lubet RA

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trichloroethylene (TCE), a widely used industrial solvent, is a common environmental contaminant. We previously reported that TCE-induced changes in DNA methylation and miRNA expression contributed to the development of a liver tumor in mice. In this study, we investigated the role of long intergenic noncoding RNA (Li...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ren F,Wang J,Aniagu S,Li J,Jiang Y,Chen T

更新日期：2020-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A potentiometric and spectroscopic (UV/vis and CD) study of Cu(II) and Ni(II) binding to the N-terminal pentadecapeptide of human protamine HP2 (HP2(1-15)) was performed. The results indicate that the N-terminal tripeptide motif Arg-Thr-His is the exclusive binding site for both metal ions at a metal to HP2(1-15) mola...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Bal W,Jezowska-Bojczuk M,Kasprzak KS

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, is at epidemic proportions (15 to 44% depending on age, of those age 65 to 84) in the U.S. and other developed countries but remains relatively rare in undeveloped countries. Surprisingly, solid historical data reveal the epidemic is a creature of the last centur...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Brewer GJ

更新日期：2017-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of several types of malignancy by mechanisms that remain to be elucidated. Most of the ingested ethanol is converted to acetaldehyde but the formation of free radical metabolites such as the 1-hydroxyethyl radical has been also demonstrated to occur in vitro and...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nakao LS,Augusto O

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolic pathways of dietary flavonoids are still largely unknown. In the present work, mass spectrometry and UV-vis spectroscopy studies were used to show that the naturally occurring flavonoid catechin underwent enzymatic oxidation by tyrosinase in the presence of glutathione (GSH) to form mono-, bi-, and tri-g...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Moridani MY,Scobie H,Salehi P,O'Brien PJ

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of the ubiquitous pollutant and endogenous metabolite, acrolein, is due in part to covalent protein modifications. Acrolein reacts readily with protein nucleophiles via Michael addition and Schiff base formation. Potential acrolein targets in protein include the nucleophilic side chains of cysteine, histi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cai J,Bhatnagar A,Pierce WM Jr

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two hemorrhagic proteases, Lachesis hemorrhagic toxins a and b (LHTa and LHTb), were isolated from the venom of Lachesis muta, which is distributed in Central and South America. One protease showed strong hemorrhagic action, while the other showed weak hemorrhagic activity even though the two enzymes are very similar ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ran YL,Zheng SD,Tu AT

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are reported for the detection of atrazine and its principle metabolite in human urine. The ELISAs can be used with crude urine or following extraction and partial purification by methods described in this report. GC, MS, and HPLC techniques were used to confirm and compleme...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lucas AD,Jones AD,Goodrow MH,Saiz SG,Blewett C,Seiber JN,Hammock BD

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of paraquat (PQ2+) is attributed to intracellularly formed PQ*+, O(2)*-, H(2)O(2), and secondary.OH radicals generated through Fenton-like reactions. Yet, no antidote for PQ2+ toxicity in human has been found also due to poor cell permeability of many common antioxidants that remove toxic species predomin...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Goldstein S,Samuni A,Aronovitch Y,Godinger D,Russo A,Mitchell JB

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA damage and mutations are a major primary cause of cancer. Chemical bombardment of DNA is a major contributor to DNA damage. The Division of Chemical Toxicology recently hosted a panel of researchers who provided updates on the field of chemical toxicology at the nexus of DNA damage and repair. ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Pathira Kankanamge LS,Perera HM,Griffin WC

更新日期：2021-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a critical regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia. Under normoxic conditions, the cellular HIF-1α level is regulated by hydroxylation by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs), ubiquitylation, and proteasomal degradation. During hypoxia, degradation decreases, and its intracellular leve...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chowdhury R,Godoy LC,Thiantanawat A,Trudel LJ,Deen WM,Wogan GN

更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced liver injury is the most common cause of market withdrawal of pharmaceuticals, and thus, there is considerable need for better prediction models for DILI early in drug discovery. We present a study involving 223 marketed drugs (51% associated with clinical hepatotoxicity; 49% non-hepatotoxic) to assess th...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sakatis MZ,Reese MJ,Harrell AW,Taylor MA,Baines IA,Chen L,Bloomer JC,Yang EY,Ellens HM,Ambroso JL,Lovatt CA,Ayrton AD,Clarke SE

更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitation of DNA adducts could provide critical information on the relationship between exposure to tobacco smoke and cancer risk in smokers. In this study, we developed a robust and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB)-releasin...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Stepanov I,Muzic J,Le CT,Sebero E,Villalta P,Ma B,Jensen J,Hatsukami D,Hecht SS

更新日期：2013-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:A well-defined silica nanoparticle model system was developed to study the effect of the size and structure of aggregates on their membranolytic activity. The aggregates were stable and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, nitrogen adsorption, small-angle X-ray scattering, in...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Thomassen LC,Rabolli V,Masschaele K,Alberto G,Tomatis M,Ghiazza M,Turci F,Breynaert E,Martra G,Kirschhock CE,Martens JA,Lison D,Fubini B

更新日期：2011-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are produced during infection and inflammation, and the effects of these agents on proteins, DNA, and lipids are well recognized. In contrast, the effects of RNS damaged metabolites are less appreciated. 5-Amino-3-β-(d-ribofuranosyl)-3 H-imidazo-[4,5- d][1,3]oxazine-7-one (oxanosine) an...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yu R,Kim Y,Maltseva N,Braunstein P,Joachimiak A,Hedstrom L

更新日期：2019-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Faithful replication of DNA is a critical aspect in maintaining genome integrity. DNA polymerases are responsible for replicating DNA, and high-fidelity polymerases do this rapidly and at low error rates. Upon exposure to exogenous or endogenous substances, DNA can become damaged and this can alter the speed and fidel...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Gahlon HL,Romano LJ,Rueda D

更新日期：2017-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The conformation of the crotonaldehyde-derived N(2)-[3-oxo-1(S)-methyl-propyl]-dG adduct in the oligodeoxynucleotide 5'-d(G(1)C(2)T(3)A(4)G(5)C(6)X(7)A(8)G(9)T(10)C(11)C(12))-3'.5'-d(G(13)G(14)A(15)C(16)T(17)C(18)G(19)C(20)T(21)A(22)G(23)C(2)(4))-3', where X = N(2)-[3-oxo-1(S)-methyl-propyl]-dG, is reported. This addu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cho YJ,Wang H,Kozekov ID,Kozekova A,Kurtz AJ,Jacob J,Voehler M,Smith J,Harris TM,Rizzo CJ,Lloyd RS,Stone MP

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isoeugenol is widely used by the cosmetic and fragrance industries, but it also represents a known cause of skin sensitization adverse effects. Although devoid of a structural alert, isoeugenol has been classified as prehapten in virtue of the presence of a pre-Michael acceptor domain. Isoeugenol oxidation could theor...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ahn J,Avonto C,Chittiboyina AG,Khan IA

更新日期：2020-04-20 00:00:00