Abstract：
:Two hemorrhagic proteases, Lachesis hemorrhagic toxins a and b (LHTa and LHTb), were isolated from the venom of Lachesis muta, which is distributed in Central and South America. One protease showed strong hemorrhagic action, while the other showed weak hemorrhagic activity even though the two enzymes are very similar in their chemical properties. Neither enzyme hydrolyzed arginine esters, but both hydrolyzed casein and reduced fibrinogen. The A alpha chain of fibrinogen was hydrolyzed first, and the B beta chain was hydrolyzed later. The gamma chain of fibrinogen was resistant to hydrolysis. The molecular weights of LHTa and LHTb were very similar, 22,000 and 23,000, respectively. The amino acid composition of LHTa was also similar to that of LHTb. The secondary structure of LHTa as determined by Lippert's equation was 52% alpha helix, 17% beta sheet, and 31% random coil; that of LHTb was 47% alpha helix, 13% beta sheet, and 40% random coil.
journal_name
Chem Res Toxicoljournal_title
Chemical research in toxicologyauthors
Ran YL,Zheng SD,Tu ATdoi
10.1021/tx00006a003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-11-01 00:00:00pages
337-42issue
6eissn
0893-228Xissn
1520-5010journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Many organic sulfides (mono-, di-, and polysulfides) are present in our environment. Simple derivatives are produced by some plants and animals, while complex sulfides are secondary metabolites of several genera of bacteria and fungi. Sulfides play an important role in the smell and taste of food, and many such compou...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1021/tx200373u
更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Solutions of synthetic fecapentaene 12 (FP-12) intended for carcinogenicity studies were found to decompose extremely rapidly during customary dosage procedures. Apparent half-lives as short as 15 min were observed. While rates and even the qualitative course of decomposition were surprisingly variable in replicate ex...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00009a007
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of arsenite, As(III), and arsenate, As(V), by molecules in the intracellular compartment of rabbit erythrocytes has been studied by 1H- and 31P-NMR spectroscopy, uptake of 73As, and ultrafiltration experiments. For intact erythrocytes to which 0.1-0.4 mM arsenite was added, direct evidence was obtained for...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00041a006
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The location of carcinogen-modified nucleobases (DNA adducts) within DNA sequences is a critical factor affecting their promutagenic properties and persistence in DNA. We now report the use of controlled exonuclease digestion followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MAL...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx010062i
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) is a reactive, mutagenic methylating agent. MNU methylates DNA at various sites, including guanine N7, guanine O6, and adenine N3. Dixit and Gold [(1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83, 8039-8043] reported that ellagic acid, a phenolic natural product, inhibited the mutagenicity of MNU i...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00015a002
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reaction of lysine with estrone 3,4-o-quinone gave a complex mixture of products. Six compounds were isolated and identified using spectroscopic techniques. Among the reaction products isolated were 4-hydroxyestrone (2), 3-aminoisoestrone (3), 3-(N-pentyl-5-amino)-isoestrone (4), 1-lysylestrone 3,4-o-iminoquinone (5),...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00041a016
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genotoxicity of the dihydrofurans aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), and sterigmatocystin (STG) was examined in a bacterial system in which the induction of SOS repair is monitored with the umuC gene linked to a lacZ reporter gene in plasmid pSK1002. Human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450NF oxidized the di...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00008a008
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis is expected to grow substantially due to recent failures in detecting severe toxicity issues of new chemical entities during preclinical/clinical development. Traditionally, safety risk assessment studies for humans have b...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00364
更新日期：2020-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanoparticles can reach the blood and cause inflammation, suggesting that nanoparticles-endothelial cells interactions may be pathogenically relevant. We evaluated the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂) on proliferation, death, and responses related with inflammatory processes such as monocytic adhesion a...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx200551u
更新日期：2012-04-16 00:00:00
abstract：:3'-Hydroxyacetanilide (AMAP) is a nonhepatotoxic regioisomer of acetaminophen (APAP) that nonetheless does form reactive metabolites which bind to hepatic proteins. Because differences in the nature of reactive metabolites formed from AMAP and APAP may explain differences in their propensity to cause hepatotoxicity, c...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00007a007
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug induced liver injury (DILI) can require significant risk management in drug development and on occasion can cause morbidity or mortality, leading to drug attrition. Optimizing candidates preclinically can minimize hepatotoxicity risk, but it is difficult to predict due to multiple etiologies encompassing DILI, of...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00264
更新日期：2020-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:2'-Deoxyoxanosine (dOxo) is a novel DNA lesion produced from dGuo by reaction with nitrous acid or nitric oxide [Suzuki, T., Yamaoka, R., Nishi, M., Ide, H., and Makino, K. (1996) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 2515-2516]. We investigated the reaction of dOxo with glycine (Gly) under physiological conditions. When 5 mM dOxo w...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx990164x
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A methodology called quantitative component analysis of mixtures (QCAM) was used to analyze an existing set of product formulation data to determine if the irritating ingredients in the mixtures could be identified. Eye irritation scores, based on a rat model, for 18 mixtures having a composite total of 37 components,...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx990098z
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Furan has been found in a number of heated food items and is carcinogenic in the liver of rats and mice. Estimates of human exposure on the basis of concentrations measured in food are not reliable because of the volatility of furan. A biomarker approach is therefore indicated. We searched for metabolites excreted in ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx7004212
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) catalyzed oxidation of amines has been proposed to proceed via a polar pathway, an initial single-electron transfer pathway and an initial hydrogen atom transfer pathway. Results from previous studies on selected N-cyclopropyl-4-substituted-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine derivatives have le...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx960063o
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA-DNA cross-linking by 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB) is considered the molecular basis for its potent cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. DEB reactions with DNA initially lead to N7-(2'-hydroxy-3',4'-epoxybut-1'-yl)-guanine monoadducts, which can then alkylate neighboring DNA bases to form bifunctional lesions. We recent...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx060204e
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anxiolytic kava products have been associated with rare but severe hepatotoxicity in humans. This adverse potential has never been captured in animal models, and the responsible compound(s) remains to be determined. The lack of such knowledge greatly hinders the preparation of a safer kava product and limits its benef...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx5003194
更新日期：2014-10-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The guidelines embodied in this document were revised by the editors of the Publication Division of the American Chemical Society in January 1994 and endorsed by the Society Committee on Publications. ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 指南,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A newly developed recombinant yeast strain, in which the human estrogen receptor has been stably integrated into the genome of the yeast, was used to gain information on the estrogenic activity of a large series of dietary flavonoids. Among 23 flavonoids investigated, 8 were found to markedly stimulate the transcripti...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx970170y
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During our ongoing studies of the reactions of toluene diisocyanate (2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, TDI) in vivo, it became apparent that reactive form(s) of these diisocyanates reach(es) the circulatory system after passage through the respiratory system. Based on recent work by others regarding the transcarbamoyl...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx960201+
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA copy number variants are associated with the development of complex neurological diseases and disorders including autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Exposure to multiple environmental chemicals including various heavy metals is suggested as a risk factor in these...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00156
更新日期：2020-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Our long-term oral administration of dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV) in rats revealed that three unidentified metabolites, M-1, M-2, and M-3, were detected in urine and feces. DMAV and trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) were converted to M-2 and M-3 and M-1 by Escherichia coli strain A3-6 isolated from the ceca of DMAV-administ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx030008x
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At high doses, green tea extracts and green tea's major active constituent, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), despite their generally perceived health benefits, have been suspected to cause hepatotoxicity in certain human populations. It has been reported that o-quinone metabolites of gallic acid or EGCG are causat...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00450
更新日期：2020-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The toxicity of paraquat (PQ2+) is attributed to intracellularly formed PQ*+, O(2)*-, H(2)O(2), and secondary.OH radicals generated through Fenton-like reactions. Yet, no antidote for PQ2+ toxicity in human has been found also due to poor cell permeability of many common antioxidants that remove toxic species predomin...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx0155956
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population, above 65 years of age. Multiple lines of evidence confirm the central role of 40-42 residue Abeta peptides in the pathogenesis of AD, but exact mechanisms of Abeta toxicity remain unclear. Recently, evidence has accumulat...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx900358j
更新日期：2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Smokeless tobacco products, such as moist snuff or chewing tobacco, contain many of the same carcinogens as tobacco smoke; however, the impact on children of indirect exposure to tobacco constituents via parental smokeless tobacco use is unknown. As part of the California Childhood Leukemia Study, dust samples were co...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00040
更新日期：2015-05-18 00:00:00
abstract：:2-(Glutathion-S-yl)-1,4-benzoquinone was found to be remarkably unstable in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) even in the absence of oxygen. Intramolecular addition of the alpha-amino group of the glutamate residue to the quinone ring yielded ultimately 2,3-(glutathion-N, S-yl)-1,4-benzoquinone and 2,6-(glutathion-N,S-yl)-1,4...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx9800699
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perfluorinated carboxylic acid, perfluoro-n-decanoic acid (PFDA), is a known peroxisome proliferator which displays toxicity in rodents. Using a paired-tracer first-pass extraction technique, the effect of PFDA on hepatic glucose transport was determined in the isolated perfused rat liver. In brief, livers isolate...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00043a010
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tetrandrine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated promising pharmacologic activities. The alkaloid has a great potential for clinical use, so a careful, thorough toxicity evaluation of the alkaloid is required. In the present study, 24 h acute toxicity of tetrandrine was evaluated in CD-1 mice. Single in...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx200290s
更新日期：2011-12-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Thalidomide is an infamous teratogen and it is continuously being explored for its anticancer properties. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are implicated in embryo development and cancer pathophysiology. With striking similarities observed between FGFR implicated conditions and thalidomide embryopathy, we hy...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00286
更新日期：2019-04-15 00:00:00
