Ethical guidelines to publication of chemical research. American Chemical Society.

abstract：:S-(1,2-Dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), a mutagenic and nephrotoxic metabolite of trichloroethylene, is bioactivated to S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine sulfoxide (DCVCS) and chlorothioketene and/or 2-chlorothionoacetyl chloride by cysteine conjugate S-oxidase (S-oxidase) and cysteine conjugate beta-lyase (beta-lyase...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Barshteyn N,Elfarra AA

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolic fates of the nigrostriatal toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its two-electron oxidation product, the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium species (MPDP+), have been examined in mouse brain and liver tissue fractions. Incubations of MPTP (50 microM and 1 mM) with mouse brain...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wu E,Shinka T,Caldera-Munoz P,Yoshizumi H,Trevor A,Castagnoli N Jr

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major plant growth regulator ethephon degrades to ethylene and phosphate in aqueous solutions and plants and is spontaneously activated to a butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitor in alkaline solutions and animal tissues. In the present (31)P NMR kinetic study of the reactions of ethephon in pH 7.4 carbonate buffe...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lantz SR,Casida JE

更新日期：2013-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The rat esophagus is strikingly sensitive to tumor induction by nitrosamines, and it has been hypothesized that this tissue contains cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) which catalyze the metabolic activation of these carcinogens. The metabolic capacity of the esophagus is not well characterized. In the study described he...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： von Weymarn LB,Murphy SE

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was shown to function as a reducing substrate for horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and to stimulate the HRP-catalyzed reduction of 5-phenyl-4-penten-1-yl hydroperoxide (PPHP) to 5-phenyl-4-penten-1-ol. HRP catalyzed the hydroperoxide-dependent oxidation of PCP, using H2O2, PPHP, or ethyl hydroperox...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Samokyszyn VM,Freeman JP,Maddipati KR,Lloyd RV

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex formation between nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and Zn(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) ions was studied by potentiometry and spectroscopic techniques. GSNO forms simple ML and ML2 type complexes (L = GSNO) with these ions. The stability of GSNO in HEPES buffer solution, pH 7.4, increased in the presence of both Zn(II) and...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Krezel A,Bal W

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Divinyl sulfone (DVS) is an important oxidative metabolic product of sulfur mustard (SM) in vitro and in vivo. Although DVS is not a classical blister agent, its high reactivity and toxicity induced by vinyl groups can also cause blisters like SM upon contact with the skin, eyes, and respiratory organs. The purpose of...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lv S,Zhang Y,Xu B,Xu H,Zhao Y,Chen J,Gao Z,Wu J,Xie J

更新日期：2017-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Many herbal medicines such as epimedium have been reported to cause adverse effects, and icaritin is the common aglycone of many glucosides in epimedium. Our present work aimed at the clarification of the metabolic activation of icaritin possibly responsible for the adverse effects of epimedium. A quinone methide meta...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen Y,Guo X,Ma Y,Hu X,Peng Y,Zheng J

更新日期：2019-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Paraquat (PQ) is a free radical-inducing agent commonly used as an herbicide. This study assesses the acute immunotoxicity of PQ in BALB/c mice and examines its effect on cytokine gene expression profile. It was found that single subtoxic oral doses of 2, 4, and 20 mg/kg significantly inhibited the in vitro mitogen-in...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hassuneh MR,Albini MA,Talib WH

更新日期：2012-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrolein is a highly toxic environmental pollutant that readily alkylates the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in proteins. In model systems, such chemistry involves sequential addition of two acrolein molecules to a given nitrogen, forming bis-Michael-adducted species that undergo aldol condensation and dehydra...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kaminskas LM,Pyke SM,Burcham PC

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thioureas are oxygenated by flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs), forming reactive sulfenic and/or sulfinic acids. Sulfenic acids can reversibly react with GSH and drive oxidative stress through a redox cycle. For this reason, thiourea S-oxygenation is an example of FMO-dependent bioactivation of a xenobiotic. Func...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Henderson MC,Krueger SK,Stevens JF,Williams DE

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, many studies have linked maternal smoking to an increased risk of preterm birth. As a result, the scientific community has long hypothesized that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), commonly referred to as second-hand smoke, is also associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. Multiple s...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Elkin ER,O'Neill MS

更新日期：2017-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthesis of the 8 possible stereoisomeric diol epoxides (DEs) at the terminal benzo ring of carcinogenic dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) is reported. trans-3,4-Dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-DBA (1) afforded the 4 bay region DEs: the enantiomeric pairs of the anti diastereomers (+)-3/(-)-3 and of the syn diastereomers (-)-4/(...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Frank H,Funk M,Oesch F,Platt KL

更新日期：2011-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is inevitable due to the plethora of applications for which they are being manufactured and integrated within. ENMs demonstrate plentiful advantages in terms of industrial approaches as well as from a consumer perspective. However, despite such positives, doubts remain...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cronin JG,Jones N,Thornton CA,Jenkins GJS,Doak SH,Clift MJD

更新日期：2020-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been implicated in adverse human health effects, including developmental neurotoxicity. Several neurotoxic PCBs are chiral and undergo atropisomeric enrichment in vivo due to atropselective metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Here we study how the liver-specific dele...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li X,Wu X,Kelly KM,Veng-Pedersen P,Lehmler HJ

更新日期：2019-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA oxidation damage has been regarded as one of the possible mechanisms for the hepatic carcinogenesis of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). In this study, we evaluated the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) from the standpoint of induced DNA oxidation products and their relationship to toxicity and carcinogenicity. Nine DNA ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Gao L,Mutlu E,Collins LB,Walker NJ,Hartwell HJ,Olson JR,Sun W,Gold A,Ball LM,Swenberg JA

更新日期：2017-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolic pathway of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a powerful and specific voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, has not been well-clarified either in TTX-poisoned patients or in puffer fish. 4-S-CysteinylTTX (4-CysTTX) was isolated from the liver of the puffer fish, Fugu pardalis, as the first adduct of TTX with thiol. The...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yotsu-Yamashita M,Goto A,Nakagawa T

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to the tobacco-related nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine is carcinogenic to humans. Metabolic activation of NNK leads to the formation of DNA adducts, which play a critical role in NNK carcinogenesis. Adducts specific to NNK result from covalent linkag...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sturla SJ,Scott J,Lao Y,Hecht SS,Villalta PW

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that mono- and dichlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can be metabolized to dihydroxy compounds and further oxidized to reactive metabolites which form adducts with nitrogen and sulfur nucleophiles including DNA [Amaro et al. (1966) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 9, 623-629; Oakley et al. (1996) Carcinogenesi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Oakley GG,Devanaboyina U,Robertson LW,Gupta RC

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In aqueous media at neutral pH, the binding of two cyanide molecules per cobinamide can be described by two formation constants, Kf1 = 1.1 (±0.6) × 105 M-1 and Kf2 = 8.5 (±0.1) × 104 M-1, or an overall cyanide binding constant of ∼1 × 1010 M-2. In comparison, the cyanide binding constants for cobalamin and a fully oxi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yuan Q,Pearce LL,Peterson J

更新日期：2017-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer-associated mutations often lead to perturbed cellular energy metabolism and accumulation of potentially harmful oncometabolites. One example is the chiral molecule 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG); its two stereoisomers (d- and l-2HG) have been found at abnormally high concentrations in tumors featuring anomalous metab...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen F,Bian K,Tang Q,Fedeles BI,Singh V,Humulock ZT,Essigmann JM,Li D

更新日期：2017-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver microsomes from uninduced hogs catalyzed the NADPH-dependent N-oxidation of the hydroxylamine (Z)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-N-hydroxy-N-methyl-3-(3-pyridyl)allylamine. The conjugated nitrone N-[(2Z)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(3-pyridyl)-2-propenylidene]methylamin e N-oxide was the principal product and accounted for 90-95% of...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cashman JR,Yang ZC,Högberg T

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydroxyl radical can be induced from Fenton reaction or gamma radiolysis of water. It can add preferentially to the C5 position of thymidine to give the 5-hydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymidin-6-yl radical. In this report, we examined the independent generation and reactivity of this radical in oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs)....

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhang Q,Wang Y

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, is at epidemic proportions (15 to 44% depending on age, of those age 65 to 84) in the U.S. and other developed countries but remains relatively rare in undeveloped countries. Surprisingly, solid historical data reveal the epidemic is a creature of the last centur...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Brewer GJ

更新日期：2017-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nano-TiO2) are gradually being used extensively in clinical settings, industry, and daily life. Accumulation studies showed that Nano-TiO2 exposure is able to cause injuries in various animal organs, including the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. However, it remains unclear whether expo...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Huang KT,Wu CT,Huang KH,Lin WC,Chen CM,Guan SS,Chiang CK,Liu SH

更新日期：2015-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:There is interest in the relative toxicities of emissions from electronic cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes. Lists of cigarette smoke priority toxicants have been developed to focus regulatory initiatives. However, a comprehensive assessment of e-cigarette chemical emissions including all tobacco smoke Harmful and Pot...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Margham J,McAdam K,Forster M,Liu C,Wright C,Mariner D,Proctor C

更新日期：2016-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Two novel pectenotoxins (PTXs) were detected by LC-MS in solid phase extracts of net hauls taken at Flødevigen, Norway, in June 2002 that were dominated by Dinophysis acuminata and Dinophysis norvegica. The new compounds were isolated as minor components from a large collection of a Dinophysis acuta-dominated bloom ob...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Miles CO,Wilkins AL,Samdal IA,Sandvik M,Petersen D,Quilliam MA,Naustvoll LJ,Rundberget T,Torgersen T,Hovgaard P,Jensen DJ,Cooney JM

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water samples from the Waka River, which runs through an area housing many chemical industry facilities in Wakayama, Japan, have been found to show significant mutagenicity, especially without a mammalian metabolic activation system (S9 mix) in the Salmonella typhimurium YG1024 strain. Mutagens in the river water were...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Takamura-Enya T,Watanabe T,Tada A,Hirayama T,Nukaya H,Sugimura T,Wakabayashi K

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicological studies assessing the safety of compounds for humans frequently use in vitro systems to characterize toxic responses in combination with transcriptomic analyses. Thus far, changes have mostly been investigated at the mRNA level. Recently, microRNAs have attracted attention because they are powerful negat...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lizarraga D,Gaj S,Brauers KJ,Timmermans L,Kleinjans JC,van Delft JH

更新日期：2012-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:At high doses, green tea extracts and green tea's major active constituent, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), despite their generally perceived health benefits, have been suspected to cause hepatotoxicity in certain human populations. It has been reported that o-quinone metabolites of gallic acid or EGCG are causat...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Pandey P,Avula B,Khan IA,Khan SI,Navarro VJ,Doerksen RJ,Chittiboyina AG

更新日期：2020-11-16 00:00:00