Globin monoadducts and cross-links provide evidence for the presence of S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine sulfoxide, chlorothioketene, and 2-chlorothionoacetyl chloride in the circulation in rats administered S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine.

abstract：:Although the causes of Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully understood, the consensus is that a combination of genetic and environmental factors plays a major role. The discovery that the synthetic chemical, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-derived N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), recapitulates...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Murphy D,Patel H,Wimalasena K

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli NarI restriction enzyme recognition site 5'G1G2C3G4C5C63' is a mutational hotspot for -2 deletions in E. coli plasmid pBR322, resulting in the sequence 5'GGCC3' when G4 is modified by the aromatic amine N-2-(acetyl)aminofluorene (AAF) [Burnouf, D., Koehl, P., and Fuchs, R. P. P. (1995) Proc. Natl....

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Roy D,Hingerty BE,Shapiro R,Broyde S

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nevirapine (NVP) treatment is associated with a significant incidence of skin rash in humans, and it also causes a similar immune-mediated skin rash in Brown Norway (BN) rats. We have shown that the sulfate of a major oxidative metabolite, 12-OH-NVP, covalently binds in the skin. The fact that the sulfate metabolite i...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sharma AM,Novalen M,Tanino T,Uetrecht JP

更新日期：2013-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Bleomycin has a long-studied mechanism of action through the formation of a complex with metals, such as iron. The bleomycin-iron complex was recently shown to induce membrane damage by free radical reactivity. Because the use of Fe nanoparticles is spreading for drug delivery strategies, molecular mechanisms of cell ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Krokidis MG,Louka M,Efthimiadou EK,Ferreri C,Chatgilialoglu C

更新日期：2020-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Differences in the metabolism of 1,3-butadiene (Bd) in rats and mice may account for the observed species difference in carcinogenicity. Previous studies of the metabolic fate of Bd have identified epoxide formation as a key metabolic transformation which gives 1, 2-epoxy-3-butene (BMO), although some evidence of alde...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Richardson KA,Peters MM,Megens RH,van Elburg PA,Golding BT,Boogaard PJ,Watson WP,van Sittert NJ

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Topoisomerase II regulates DNA topology by generating transient double-stranded breaks. The anticancer drug etoposide targets topoisomerase II and is associated with the formation of secondary leukemias in patients. The quinone and catechol metabolites of etoposide may contribute to strand breaks that trigger leukemic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Jacob DA,Gibson EG,Mercer SL,Deweese JE

更新日期：2013-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:With CO2 present in excess, ONOO- reacts to form an adduct in solution and in the solid state, most likely ONOOCO2-. In solution, the adduct appears within 2 ms and absorbs at 300 with an extinction coefficient, which is either 50% or 100% (preferred) of that of ONOO-, 1.70 × 103 M-1 cm-1, and at 685 nm with an extinc...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Serrano-Luginbuehl S,Kissner R,Koppenol WH

更新日期：2018-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Cr(VI) genotoxicity is caused by products of its reductive metabolism inside the cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Cr(V,IV) intermediates are potential sources of oxidative damage by Cr(VI). Here, we investigated seven fluorescent probes for the detection of ROS and non-ROS oxidants in Cr(VI) reactions with its...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： DeLoughery Z,Luczak MW,Zhitkovich A

更新日期：2014-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Prodrugs of 1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)hydrazine (90CE) are promising anticancer agents. The 90CE moiety is a readily latentiated, short-lived (t1/2 ∼ 30 s) chloroethylating agent that can generate high yields of oxophilic electrophiles responsible for the chloroethylation of the O-6 position of guanine ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Penketh PG,Patridge E,Shyam K,Baumann RP,Zhu R,Ishiguro K,Sartorelli AC

更新日期：2014-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the biological effects of the O(2)-alkylthymidines induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), we have replicated a plasmid containing O(2)-methylthymidine (O(2)-Me-dT) or O(2)-[4-(3-pyridyl-4-oxobut-1-yl]thymidine (O(2)-POB-dT) in Escherichia coli w...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Jasti VP,Spratt TE,Basu AK

更新日期：2011-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitomycin C (MMC) is a genotoxic cancer chemotherapeutic agent that reacts principally at the N2 position of guanine to form one of two predominant monoadducts, or a G-G interstrand cross-link at CpG sites, or a G-G intrastrand cross-link at GpG sites. Previous studies of MMC adduction have principally used very short...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Warren AJ,Hamilton JW

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and biologically active polyphenol in green tea, and many of the therapeutic benefits of the beverage have been attributed to this compound. High concentrations of EGCG are cytotoxic and trigger genotoxic events in mammalian cells. Although this catechin affects...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Bandele OJ,Osheroff N

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MXenes have attracted extensive attention due to their unique physicochemical properties. Especially, the flexibility and good conductivity endow MXenes with a great application prospect in the neural interfaces. However, the cytotoxicity of MXenes to nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the cyt...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wu W,Ge H,Zhang L,Lei X,Yang Y,Fu Y,Feng H

更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated the oxidative metabolism of 2-naphthyl isothiocyanate catalyzed by rat liver microsomes. Incubation of 2-naphthyl isothiocyanate, microsomes, and NADPH yielded either N,N'-di-2-naphthylurea or, on inclusion of 2-aminofluorene in the incubations, N-2-naphthyl-N'-2-fluorenylurea. These ure...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lee MS

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Derivatives of methyl 3-(1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-5-(propylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-ylamino)-3-oxopropane-1-sulfonate (1), a peptide-based DNA minor groove binding methylating agent, were synthesized and characterized. In all cases, the N-terminus was appended with an O-methyl sulfonate ester, while...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Iyer P,Srinivasan A,Singh SK,Mascara GP,Zayitova S,Sidone B,Fouquerel E,Svilar D,Sobol RW,Bobola MS,Silber JR,Gold B

更新日期：2013-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the HPLC, UV-vis, LC-MS, and 1H NMR characteristics of 14 different phase II mono- and mixed conjugates of quercetin were determined, providing a useful tool in the identification of quercetin phase II metabolite patterns in various biological systems. Using these data, the phase II metabolism of querce...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： van der Woude H,Boersma MG,Vervoort J,Rietjens IM

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are prone to dissolution, and uncertainty remains whether biological/cellular responses to ZnO NPs are solely due to the release of Zn(2+) or whether the NPs themselves have additional toxic effects. We address this by establishing ZnO NP solubility in dispersion media (Dulbecco's modified Eagl...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Mu Q,David CA,Galceran J,Rey-Castro C,Krzemiński L,Wallace R,Bamiduro F,Milne SJ,Hondow NS,Brydson R,Vizcay-Barrena G,Routledge MN,Jeuken LJ,Brown AP

更新日期：2014-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitomycin C (MC), a cytotoxic anticancer drug and bifunctional DNA DNA alkylating agent, induces cross-linking of the complementary strands of DNA. The DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) are thought to be the critical cytotoxic lesions produced by MC. Decarbamoyl mitomycin C (DMC) has been regarded as a monofunctional...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Palom Y,Suresh Kumar G,Tang LQ,Paz MM,Musser SM,Rockwell S,Tomasz M

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutathione peroxidases and their mimics, e.g., ebselen or diaryl tellurides, efficiently reduce peroxynitrite/peroxynitrous acid (ONOO-/ONOOH) to nitrite and protect against oxidation and nitration reactions. Here, we report the second-order rate constant for the reaction of the reduced form of glutathione peroxidase...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Briviba K,Kissner R,Koppenol WH,Sies H

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatic carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is metabolized in the liver by at least four different P450s, all of which exhibit large interindividual differences in the expression levels. These differences could affect the individual risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the metabolism of AFB1 in a pan...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kamdem LK,Meineke I,Gödtel-Armbrust U,Brockmöller J,Wojnowski L

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1-Fluoro-1,1,2-trichloroethane (HCFC-131a), 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-132b), and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (HCFC-133a) were chosen as models for comparative metabolism studies on 1,1,1,2-tetrahaloethanes, which are under consideration as replacements for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Mal...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yin H,Jones JP,Anders MW

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are discrepancies about whether chlorpyrifos is able to induce neurodevelopmental toxicity or not. We previously reported alterations in the pattern of expression of biomarker genes of differentiation in D3 mouse embryonic stem cells caused by chlorpyrifos and its metabolites chlorpyrifos-oxon and 3,5,6-trichlor...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Estevan C,Fuster E,Del Río E,Pamies D,Vilanova E,Sogorb MA

更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Furanoid 8-epidiosbulbin E acetate (EEA) is one of the most abundant diterpenoid lactones in herbal medicine Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DB). Our early work proved that EEA could be metabolized to EEA-derived cis-enedial (EDE), a reactive intermediate, which is required for the hepatotoxicity observed in experimental anim...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhou S,Zhang N,Hu Z,Lin D,Li W,Peng Y,Zheng J

更新日期：2020-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron in iron overload disease is present as non-transferrin-bound iron, consisting of iron, citrate, and albumin. We investigated the redox properties of iron citrate by electrochemistry, by the kinetics of its reaction with ascorbate, by ESR, and by analyzing the products of reactions of ascorbate with iron citrate c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Adam FI,Bounds PL,Kissner R,Koppenol WH

更新日期：2015-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Rutaevin is one of the major bioactive constituents isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa, a well-known herbal medicine that has been widely prescribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in China. However, oral administration of rutaevin has been shown to cause hepatotoxicity in mice. Bioactivation was suggeste...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Liu Y,Liu C,Liu Y,Ge Q,Sun C

更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The diarrhetic shellfish toxin composition in the digestive glands of mussels from the northern Adriatic sea was investigated. Along with known yessotoxins, identified by comparison of their chromatographic and spectral properties with those reported in the literature, we isolated a new analogue of yessotoxin, 42,43,4...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ciminiello P,Fattorusso E,Forino M,Poletti R

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is considered to be an attractive target for the development of novel anticancer molecules. This paper reports for the first time that a small molecule, antrocin (MW = 234), from Antrodia camphorata was a potent antagonist in various cancer types, being highest in metastatic breast cancer MDA...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rao YK,Wu AT,Geethangili M,Huang MT,Chao WJ,Wu CH,Deng WP,Yeh CT,Tzeng YM

更新日期：2011-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Thioureas are oxygenated by flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs), forming reactive sulfenic and/or sulfinic acids. Sulfenic acids can reversibly react with GSH and drive oxidative stress through a redox cycle. For this reason, thiourea S-oxygenation is an example of FMO-dependent bioactivation of a xenobiotic. Func...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Henderson MC,Krueger SK,Stevens JF,Williams DE

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new and efficient method is described for the synthesis in gram quantities of the benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) metabolic adducts of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) and 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA) substituted, respectively, at the N(2)- and N(6)- positions. When the racemic form of the tris(benzoyloxy)amine 5 (related to the notoriously...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Johnson F,Bonala R,Tawde D,Torres MC,Iden CR

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs) are bifunctional alkylating agents widely used for the clinical treatment of cancer. They exert anticancer activity by inducing DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) within GC base pairs to form dG-dC cross-links. This lesion inhibits DNA double strand separation during replication and tra...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sun G,Zhao L,Fan T,Li S,Zhong R

更新日期：2014-07-21 00:00:00