Abstract:
:Chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs) are bifunctional alkylating agents widely used for the clinical treatment of cancer. They exert anticancer activity by inducing DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) within GC base pairs to form dG-dC cross-links. This lesion inhibits DNA double strand separation during replication and transcription and results in the apoptosis of cancer cells. However, O(6)-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) repairs the DNA ICLs by removing the alkyl group at the O(6) position of either O(6)-(2-chloroethyl)deoxyguanosine (O(6)-ClEtdGuo) or N1,O(6)-ethanodeoxyguanosine (N1,O(6)-EtdGuo), which are intermediates in the formation of dG-dC cross-links. The action of AGT leads to drug resistance against CENUs. O(6)-Benzylguanine (O(6)-BG) was identified as an effective AGT inhibitor that enhances the antitumor effects of CENUs. In this study, the effect of O(6)-BG on the formation of dG-dC cross-links was investigated by treating human brain glioma SF767 cells with 1-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea (ACNU). The levels of dG-dC cross-link were determined using stable isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The results indicated that ACNU induced higher levels of dG-dC cross-link in SF767 cells pretreated with O(6)-BG compared to cells without O(6)-BG pretreatment. The highest dG-dC cross-linking levels were generally observed at 12 h for all drug concentration groups, a result which was consistent with cytotoxicity assay. These results provided direct evidence for the enhancement of dG-dC cross-linking levels caused by the inhibition of AGT by O(6)-BG. These data indicate that dG-dC cross-links may be developed as a biomarker for evaluating the activity of novel O(6)-BG analogues as AGT inhibitors for combination therapy with CENUs.
journal_name
Chem Res Toxicoljournal_title
Chemical research in toxicologyauthors
Sun G,Zhao L,Fan T,Li S,Zhong Rdoi
10.1021/tx500143bsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-07-21 00:00:00pages
1253-62issue
7eissn
0893-228Xissn
1520-5010journal_volume
27pub_type
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