Synthesis of the PhIP adduct of 2'-deoxyguanosine and its incorporation into oligomeric DNA.

abstract：:Zileuton, an inhibitor of 5-lipooxygenase, the initial enzyme in the leukotriene pathway, was marketed as a new treatment for asthma. This drug has been associated with liver toxicity, which has limited its clinical usefulness. We provide evidence here that the liver toxicity likely involves a sequence of biotransform...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Joshi EM,Heasley BH,Chordia MD,Macdonald TL

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A predominant pathway of xenobiotic-induced toxicity is initiated by bioactivation. Characterizing reactive intermediates will provide information on the structure of reactive species, thereby defining a potential bioactivation mechanism. Because most reactive metabolites are not stable, it is difficult to detect them...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li F,Lu J,Ma X

更新日期：2011-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to the tobacco-related nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine is carcinogenic to humans. Metabolic activation of NNK leads to the formation of DNA adducts, which play a critical role in NNK carcinogenesis. Adducts specific to NNK result from covalent linkag...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sturla SJ,Scott J,Lao Y,Hecht SS,Villalta PW

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1-octanol/water partition coefficients of a number of toxic and nontoxic analogues of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were determined using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), a novel and effective technique for measuring lipophilicity, and found to be highly correlated with values calc...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Altomare C,Carrupt PA,Gaillard P,el Tayar N,Testa B,Carotti A

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The variability of quartz hazard stands as one of the most puzzling issues in particle toxicology, notwithstanding the fact that silicosis, the most ancient occupational disease, was the very topic from which the study of the toxicity of particulates developed. Over the years, other adverse effects of silica particles...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Pavan C,Fubini B

更新日期：2017-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, HepG2, are often used for drug mediated mitochondrial toxicity assessments. Glucose in HepG2 culture media is replaced by galactose to reveal drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity as a marked shift of drug IC50 values for the reduction of cellular ATP. It has been postulated that ga...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Xu Q,Liu L,Vu H,Kuhls M,Aslamkhan AG,Liaw A,Yu Y,Kaczor A,Ruth M,Wei C,Imredy J,Lebron J,Pearson K,Gonzalez R,Mitra K,Sistare FD

更新日期：2019-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth-promoting effects of estrogens in hormone-dependent tumor tissues involve receptor-mediated pathways that are well-recognized; however, the role of estrogens in tumor initiation remains controversial. Estrogen metabolites, primarily the catechol estrogens (CE's), have been implicated in tumor initiation via...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Mobley JA,Bhat AS,Brueggemeier RW

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic imides are known for their antitumor activity, especially the naphthalimide derivatives, such as Mitonafide and Amonafide. Recently, we have demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of a series of naphthalimide derivatives against B16F10 melanoma cells. On the basis of this fact, we have developed a study starting fro...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Machado KE,de Oliveira KN,Andreossi HM,Bubniak Ldos S,de Moraes AC,Gaspar PC,Andrade Eda S,Nunes RJ,Santos-Silva MC

更新日期：2013-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The complex composition of welding fumes, multiplicity of molecular targets, diverse cellular effects, and lifestyles associated with laborers vastly complicate the assessment of welding fume exposure. The urinary metabolomic profiles of 35 male welders and 16 male office workers at a Taiwanese shipyard were character...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wang KC,Kuo CH,Tian TF,Tsai MH,Chiung YM,Hsiech CM,Tsai SJ,Wang SY,Tsai DM,Huang CC,Tseng YJ

更新日期：2012-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:On the basis of a large number of reports concerning the detection of lipid peroxidation products as biomarkers in human diseases, there is no doubt that their steady-state levels increase under pathophysiological states associated with oxidative stress. The key question is whether they play any causative roles. This ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Uchida K

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD) is the neurotoxic gamma-diketone metabolite of the industrial solvent n-hexane. Substantial evidence indicates that 2,5-HD reacts with neurofilament protein lysine epsilon-amines to yield 2,5-dimethylpyrrole adducts and that this reaction is critical to the mechanism of toxicity. Alkylpyrroles...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhu M,Spink DC,Yan B,Bank S,DeCaprio AP

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Coumadin (R/S-warfarin) anticoagulant therapy poses a risk to over 50 million Americans, in part due to interpersonal variation in drug metabolism. Consequently, it is important to understand how metabolic capacity is influenced among patients. Cytochrome P450s (P450 or CYP for a specific isoform) catalyze the first m...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Jones DR,Kim SY,Guderyon M,Yun CH,Moran JH,Miller GP

更新日期：2010-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work has shown that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes porphyria, enhanced by iron, in C57BL/6J mice with marked accumulation in the liver of uroporphyrin I and III isomers and heptacarboxylic acid III and is one model of human porphyria cutanea tarda. Preliminary examination by HPLC also indic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lim CK,Danton M,Clothier B,Smith AG

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report on the generation of computer-based models for the prediction of the chromosome-damaging potential of chemicals as assessed in the in vitro chromosome aberration (CA) test. On the basis of publicly available CA-test results of more than 650 chemical substances, half of which are drug-like compounds, we gener...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rothfuss A,Steger-Hartmann T,Heinrich N,Wichard J

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two samples of highly pure multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) similar in hydrophobicity and surface reactivity were prepared with similar length, <5 μm, but markedly different diameter (9.4 vs 70 nm). The samples were compared for their cytotoxic activity, uptake, and ability to induce oxidative stress (ROS product...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Fenoglio I,Aldieri E,Gazzano E,Cesano F,Colonna M,Scarano D,Mazzucco G,Attanasio A,Yakoub Y,Lison D,Fubini B

更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Lesion-induced thermodynamic destabilization is believed to facilitate β-hairpin intrusion by the human XPC/hHR23B nucleotide excision repair (NER) recognition factor, accompanied by partner-base flipping, as suggested by the crystal structure of the yeast orthologue (Min, J. H., and Pavletich, N. P. (2007) Nature 449...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zheng H,Cai Y,Ding S,Tang Y,Kropachev K,Zhou Y,Wang L,Wang S,Geacintov NE,Zhang Y,Broyde S

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:p,p'-DDE, the main metabolite of DDT, is notorious for its persistent and bioaccumulation. It has detrimental effects on the nervous system, while the mechanism is unclear. We sought to investigate the mechanism of p,p'-DDE-induced neurocytic apoptosis in PC12 cells by cytoflow and screen the potential target gene by ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wang C,Zhang Q,Qian Y,Zhao M

更新日期：2014-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) induces cancer in human lungs, urinary bladder, skin, kidney, and liver, with the majority of deaths from lung and bladder cancer. To date, cancer risk assessments for iAs have not relied on mechanistic data, as we have lacked sufficient understanding of arsenic's pharmacokinetics a...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kitchin KT,Conolly R

更新日期：2010-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Adverse effects of drugs (AEDs) continue to be a major cause of drug withdrawals in both development and postmarketing. While liver-related AEDs are a major concern for drug safety, there are few in silico models for predicting human liver toxicity for drug candidates. We have applied the quantitative structure-activi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rodgers AD,Zhu H,Fourches D,Rusyn I,Tropsha A

更新日期：2010-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrolein is a bifunctional electrophile, present as an ubiquitous environmental pollutant and an endogenous cellular product of lipid peroxidation. Reaction of acrolein with deoxyguanosine produces two regioisomeric DNA adducts, specifically gamma-hydroxypropanodeoxyguanosine (gamma-HOPdG) and alpha-hydroxypropanodeox...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sanchez AM,Minko IG,Kurtz AJ,Kanuri M,Moriya M,Lloyd RS

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1-{4-[(4-Phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-2-thienyl)methoxy]benzyl}azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (MRL-A) is a potent sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 receptor agonist, with potential application as an immunosuppressant in organ transplantation or for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. When administered orally to rats, radiolabeled ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Aloysius H,Tong VW,Yabut J,Bradley SA,Shang J,Zou Y,Tschirret-Guth RA

更新日期：2012-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The bifunctional alkylating agent, melphalan, forms adducts on DNA that are recognized by two previously described monoclonal antibodies, MP5/73 and Amp4/42. Immunoreactivity to MP5/73 was lost when alkylated DNA was exposed to alkaline pH, while Amp4/42 only recognized the structures formed after the alkali treatment...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： McCartney H,Martin AM,Middleton PG,Tilby MJ

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen mustards (NM) are an important class of chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of malignant tumors. The accepted mechanism of action of NM is through the alkylation of DNA bases. NM-adducts block DNA replication in cancer cells by forming cytotoxic DNA interstrand cross-links. We previously characterize...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen H,Cui Z,Hejazi L,Yao L,Walmsley SJ,Rizzo CJ,Turesky RJ

更新日期：2020-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Glyoxal is generated endogenously from the degradation of glucose and the oxidation of carbohydrates, lipids, and the 2-deoxyribose moieties of DNA. Glyoxal is also widely used in industry and is present in cigarette smoke and food. Glyoxal can conjugate with nucleobases and proteins to give advanced glycation end pro...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wang H,Cao H,Wang Y

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of the food mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Crystals grown by evaporation of an aqueous solution form in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n with two molecules of PhIP per asymmetric unit, along with six w...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Parkin S,Marsch GA,Hope H,Whitney E,Winter NW,Colvin ME,Felton JS,Turteltaub KW

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Formyl chloride has been indirectly implicated as an intermediate in the oxidation of CH(2)Cl(2) and proposed to be a product of the oxidation of some other compounds. Formyl chloride was synthesized and added to aqueous solutions, with CO formed as a product. The presence of glutathione (GSH) did not reduce the yield...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Watanabe K,Guengerich FP

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent study, we reported that interleukin (IL)-4 had a protective role against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI), although the mechanism of protection was unclear. Here, we carried out more detailed investigations and have shown that one way IL-4 may control the severity of AILI is by regulating g...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ryan PM,Bourdi M,Korrapati MC,Proctor WR,Vasquez RA,Yee SB,Quinn TD,Chakraborty M,Pohl LR

更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Notopterygium forbesii Boiss (NF) has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of common cold and rheumatism. However, there has been limited research on the biological properties of NF, and the mechanisms of action remain unknown. Here, we aimed to study the mechanism of NF-induced heme oxygenase...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Tang SY,Wang H,Zhang W,Halliwell B

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flavonols are potent naturally occurring antioxidants. Chemical oxidation reactions in combination with modern spectroscopic techniques have been employed to identify oxidized flavonoid products. Although many oxidized derivatives have been generated from commercially available starting materials, few studies have dev...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Krishnamachari V,Levine LH,Zhou C,Paré PW

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological evidence suggests a lower incidence of Parkinson's disease in smokers than in nonsmokers. This evidence, together with the lower levels of brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in smokers and the potential neuroprotective properties of MAO inhibitors, prompted studies which led to the isolation and ch...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Castagnoli KP,Steyn SJ,Petzer JP,Van der Schyf CJ,Castagnoli N Jr

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00