Neuroprotection in the MPTP Parkinsonian C57BL/6 mouse model by a compound isolated from tobacco.

abstract：:With CO2 present in excess, ONOO- reacts to form an adduct in solution and in the solid state, most likely ONOOCO2-. In solution, the adduct appears within 2 ms and absorbs at 300 with an extinction coefficient, which is either 50% or 100% (preferred) of that of ONOO-, 1.70 × 103 M-1 cm-1, and at 685 nm with an extinc...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Serrano-Luginbuehl S,Kissner R,Koppenol WH

更新日期：2018-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction of the antitumor agent leinamycin with thiols converts this natural product into an episulfonium ion that alkylates the N7-position of guanine residues in double-stranded DNA. It is reported here that depurination of this adduct is unusually facile, occurring with a half-life of about 3.5 h at pH 7 and 37...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nooner T,Dutta S,Gates KS

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is a contributing factor in a number of chronic diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Lipid peroxidation that occurs during periods of oxidative stress results in the formation of lipid electrophiles, which can modify a multitude of proteins in the cell. 4-Hydrox...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Camarillo JM,Rose KL,Galligan JJ,Xu S,Marnett LJ

更新日期：2016-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) with deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) results in two distinct EPR-detectable species, the one-electron-reduced nitroprusside ion [(CN)5FeNO]3- and nitrosylhemoglobin (HbNO). In the presence of excess cyanide (CN-) only the signal for [(CN)5FeNO]3- is observed. Thus, while free CN- does n...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wilcox DE,Kruszyna H,Kruszyna R,Smith RP

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) are suspect lung cancer carcinogens that must be metabolically converted into DNA-reactive metabolites. P4501A1/P4501B1 plus epoxide hydrolase activate PAH to (+/-)- anti-benzo[ a]pyrene diol epoxide ((+/-)- anti-BPDE), which causes bulky DNA adducts. Alternatively, aldo-keto re...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Park JH,Gelhaus S,Vedantam S,Oliva AL,Batra A,Blair IA,Troxel AB,Field J,Penning TM

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of cellular stress responses to electrophiles and oxidants is mediated by the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which, in turn, is regulated by CUL-E3 (CUL3) ligase-mediated ubiquitylation. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) serves as an adapter between CUL3 and Nrf2. We u...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rachakonda G,Xiong Y,Sekhar KR,Stamer SL,Liebler DC,Freeman ML

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two hemorrhagic proteases, Lachesis hemorrhagic toxins a and b (LHTa and LHTb), were isolated from the venom of Lachesis muta, which is distributed in Central and South America. One protease showed strong hemorrhagic action, while the other showed weak hemorrhagic activity even though the two enzymes are very similar ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ran YL,Zheng SD,Tu AT

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Catalase is an important antioxidant enzyme, which has been shown to provide cardiac protection from acute toxicity induced by doxorubicin, a most effective anticancer agent. Because cumulative dose-dependent chronic cardiomyopathy due to a long-term administration of doxorubicin is a significant clinical problem, the...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kang YJ,Sun X,Chen Y,Zhou Z

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contact allergy is caused by a wide range of chemicals after skin contact. Its clinical manifestation, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), is developed upon repeated contact with the allergen. This perspective focuses on two areas that have yielded new useful information during the last 20 years: (i) structure-activity...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Karlberg AT,Bergström MA,Börje A,Luthman K,Nilsson JL

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1-octanol/water partition coefficients of a number of toxic and nontoxic analogues of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were determined using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), a novel and effective technique for measuring lipophilicity, and found to be highly correlated with values calc...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Altomare C,Carrupt PA,Gaillard P,el Tayar N,Testa B,Carotti A

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induction of Phase II enzymes of the [Ah] gene battery by L-buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO) and other agents was examined in mouse hepatoma Hepa-1c1c7 cells. BSO, a nonelectrophilic inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), is routinely used to examine the toxicological implications of GSH depletion. Ex...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Shertzer HG,Vasiliou V,Liu RM,Tabor MW,Nebert DW

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One possible mechanism linking inflammation with cancer involves the generation of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and halogen species by activated macrophages and neutrophils infiltrating sites of infection or tissue damage, with these chemical mediators causing damage that ultimately leads to cell death and mutation. To ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Prestwich EG,Mangerich A,Pang B,McFaline JL,Lonkar P,Sullivan MR,Trudel LJ,Taghizedeh K,Dedon PC

更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The measurement of metabolites constitutes a useful tool for detection of exposure and in pharmacokinetic studies. Epoxidation with subsequent glutathione conjugation and mercapturic acid formation is an important deactivation pathway for naphthalene, a toxin which presumably causes lung disease. The mercapturic acid ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Marco MP,Nasiri M,Kurth MJ,Hammock BD

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Butadiene monoxide, a toxic metabolite of 1,3-butadiene, is a substrate for the human placental glutathione (GSH) S-transferase. The products have been identified as S-(2-hydroxy-3-buten-1-yl)glutathione (I) and S-(1-hydroxy-3-buten-2-yl)glutathione (II). S-(4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)glutathione (III), which was formed c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sharer JE,Duescher RJ,Elfarra AA

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rutaevin is one of the major bioactive constituents isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa, a well-known herbal medicine that has been widely prescribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in China. However, oral administration of rutaevin has been shown to cause hepatotoxicity in mice. Bioactivation was suggeste...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Liu Y,Liu C,Liu Y,Ge Q,Sun C

更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse cytochrome P450 2A5 (CYP2A5) is upregulated in various pathophysiological liver diseases and induced by structurally variable hepatotoxic chemicals. A putative common feature for all of these conditions is altered cellular redox status. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that is p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lämsä V,Levonen AL,Leinonen H,Ylä-Herttuala S,Yamamoto M,Hakkola J

更新日期：2010-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Four novel cadmium-chelating agents N,N'di(D-glucosyl)alkanediamine-N,N'-bis(carbodithioates) 4a-e were prepared as disodium salts of the general formula (CH2)n[N(CS2Na)CH2(CHOH)4CH2OH]2, where n = 7, 8, 10, and 12. They were synthesized by the reductive coupling of 2 mol of alpha-D-(+)-glucose (1) with 1 mol of the c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Singh PK,Jones MM,Kostial K,Blanusa M,Piasek M

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily of secreted signaling molecules and their cognate receptors regulate cell fate and behaviors relevant to many developmental and disease processes. Disruption of TGFβ signaling during embryonic development can, for example, affect morphogenesis and differentiation ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wei Z,Sakamuru S,Zhang L,Zhao J,Huang R,Kleinstreuer NC,Chen Y,Shu Y,Knudsen TB,Xia M

更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Lindane and paraquat induce biochemical changes in the liver. In order to specify their molecular impact at the cellular level, a 300 MHz 1H NMR investigation of hepatoma cell lines Hep 3B and Hep G2 responses was performed. Cells were exposed over 24 h to 50 mg/L lindane (0.178 mM) or to 100 mg/L (0.389 mM) paraquat ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Descampiaux B,Imbenotte M,Desenclos V,Vermeersch G,Lhermitte M,Erb F

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide can be introduced slowly and steadily into aqueous solutions, including cell culture media, over extended periods of time via semipermeable Silastic (a registered trademark of the Dow Corning Corp.) polymer membranes. The rates of introduction are predictable and reproducible and can approach rates of nit...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Tamir S,Lewis RS,de Rojas Walker T,Deen WM,Wishnok JS,Tannenbaum SR

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flucloxacillin, an isoxazolyl-penicillin, causes cholestasis and biliary epithelium injury. The aim of the study was to determine whether flucloxacillin, either directly or through metabolite formation, may induce cytotoxicity in hepatic or biliary cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase release in p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lakehal F,Dansette PM,Becquemont L,Lasnier E,Delelo R,Balladur P,Poupon R,Beaune PH,Housset C

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydroxyl radical can be induced from Fenton reaction or gamma radiolysis of water. It can add preferentially to the C5 position of thymidine to give the 5-hydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymidin-6-yl radical. In this report, we examined the independent generation and reactivity of this radical in oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs)....

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhang Q,Wang Y

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hydroperoxide of linoleic acid (13-HPODE) degrades to 9,12-dioxo-10(E)-dodecenoic acid (DODE), which readily modifies proteins. This study identified the major proteins in MCF7 cells modified by DODE. To reduce false positives, three methods were used to identify DODE-modified proteins. First, cells were treated w...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Slade PG,Williams MV,Brahmbhatt V,Dash A,Wishnok JS,Tannenbaum SR

更新日期：2010-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolic pathways of dietary flavonoids are still largely unknown. In the present work, mass spectrometry and UV-vis spectroscopy studies were used to show that the naturally occurring flavonoid catechin underwent enzymatic oxidation by tyrosinase in the presence of glutathione (GSH) to form mono-, bi-, and tri-g...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Moridani MY,Scobie H,Salehi P,O'Brien PJ

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human hemoglobin was alkylated with (+/-)-7 beta,8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha,10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) and then treated with aqueous (+/-)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol to convert alkylated carboxyl side chains to N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) amides. Tryptic peptides produced from the modified protein...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Day BW,Skipper PL,Rich RH,Naylor S,Tannenbaum SR

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful early attrition of potential problematic compounds is of great importance in the pharmaceutical industry. The lead compound in a recent project targeting neuropathic pain was susceptible to metabolic bioactivation, which produced reactive metabolites and showed covalent binding to protein. Therefore, as a p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lenz EM,Martin S,Schmidt R,Morin PE,Smith R,Weston DJ,Bayrakdarian M

更新日期：2014-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin protein modification (haptenation) is thought to be a key step in the manifestation of sensitization to low molecular mass chemicals (<500 g/mol). For sensitizing chemicals that are not protein reactive, it is hypothesised that metabolic activation can convert such chemicals into protein reactive toxins within th...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Elahi EN,Wright Z,Hinselwood D,Hotchkiss SA,Basketter DA,Pease CK

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was conducted to investigate the protein adducts with pesticides in a cohort of 172 factory workers that were exposed to a mixture of pesticides. The 35 samples showing considerable variation in biochemical parameters, i.e., butyrylcholinestrase (BChE), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glut...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rehman T,Khan MM,Shad MA,Hussain M,Oyler BL,Goo YA,Goodlett DR

更新日期：2016-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), e.g., benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), possess a bay region comprising an ortho-fused benzene ring. Benzo[ghi]perylene (BghiP) represents the group of PAHs lacking such a "classic" bay region and hence cannot be metabolically converted like BaP to bay region dihydrodiol epoxid...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Platt KL,Grupe S

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs) represent a major clinical problem, and at present, the mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. One animal model that we have used for mechanistic studies of IDRs is penicillamine-induced autoimmunity in Brown Norway (BN) rats. Previous work in our lab found that macrophage...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li J,Mannargudi B,Uetrecht JP

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00