The influence of delivery rate on the chemistry and biological effects of nitric oxide.

abstract：:The guidelines embodied in this document were revised by the editors of the Publication Division of the American Chemical Society in January 1994 and endorsed by the Society Committee on Publications. ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors：

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methyleugenol (ME), an alkenylbenzene compound, is a natural ingredient of several herbs and is used as flavoring agent in foodstuffs and fragrance in cosmetics. The hepatotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and carcinogenesis of ME have been well documented, and metabolic activation has been suggested to involve in ME-induced to...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Feng Y,Wang H,Wang Q,Huang W,Peng Y,Zheng J

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Marine toxins such as brevetoxins and ciguatoxins are produced by dinoflagellates and can accumulate in seafood. These toxins affect humans through seafood consumption. Intoxication is mainly characterized by gastrointestinal and neurological disorders and, in most severe cases, by cardiovascular problems. To prevent ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Louzao MC,Vieytes MR,Yasumoto T,Botana LM

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Faithful replication of DNA is a critical aspect in maintaining genome integrity. DNA polymerases are responsible for replicating DNA, and high-fidelity polymerases do this rapidly and at low error rates. Upon exposure to exogenous or endogenous substances, DNA can become damaged and this can alter the speed and fidel...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Gahlon HL,Romano LJ,Rueda D

更新日期：2017-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:There is interest in the relative toxicities of emissions from electronic cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes. Lists of cigarette smoke priority toxicants have been developed to focus regulatory initiatives. However, a comprehensive assessment of e-cigarette chemical emissions including all tobacco smoke Harmful and Pot...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Margham J,McAdam K,Forster M,Liu C,Wright C,Mariner D,Proctor C

更新日期：2016-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Implementation of the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC)'s Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data (SEND) by the United States Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (US FDA CDER) has created large quantities of SEND data sets and a tremendous opportunity to apply la...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Carfagna MA,Anderson J,Eley C,Fukushima T,Horvath J,Houser W,Larsen B,Page T,Russo D,Sloan C,Snyder K,Thompson R,Ullmann G,Whittaker M

更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently shown that dithiocarbamate (DC) disulfides inhibit proteolytic processing of the caspase-3 proenzyme in Jurkat T lymphocytes treated with anti-CD95 (Fas/APO-1) antibody. Because the processing can be accomplished by caspase activity, we investigated the effect of DC disulfides, such as disulfiram (DSF...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nobel CS,Kimland M,Nicholson DW,Orrenius S,Slater AF

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Available studies, while limited in number, suggest that e-cigarette vaping induces oxidative stress, with one potential mechanism being the direct formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in e-vapor. In the present studies, we measured the formation of hydroxyl radical (•OH), the most destructive ROS, in e-vapor un...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Son Y,Mishin V,Laskin JD,Mainelis G,Wackowski OA,Delnevo C,Schwander S,Khlystov A,Samburova V,Meng Q

更新日期：2019-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Structure-function relationships for the inhibition of human cytochrome P450s (P450s) 1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2C9, and 3A4 by 33 flavonoid derivatives were studied. Thirty-two of the 33 flavonoids tested produced reverse type I binding spectra with P450 1B1, and the potencies of binding were correlated with the abilities to in...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Shimada T,Tanaka K,Takenaka S,Murayama N,Martin MV,Foroozesh MK,Yamazaki H,Guengerich FP,Komori M

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Premarin (Wyeth-Ayerst) is the estrogen replacement treatment of choice and continues to be one of the most widely dispensed prescriptions in the United States. In addition to endogenous estrogens, Premarin contains unsaturated estrogens including equilenin. We synthesized the catechol metabolite of equilenin, 4-hydro...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Shen L,Qiu S,Chen Y,Zhang F,van Breemen RB,Nikolic D,Bolton JL

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogens, including the natural hormones estrone (E(1)) and estradiol (E(2)), are thought to be involved in tumor induction. Specifically, catechol estrogen quinones (CEQs) derived from the catechol estrogens 4-hydroxyestrone (4-OHE(1)) and 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE(2)) react with DNA and form DNA adducts (Cavalieri,...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Jankowiak R,Markushin Y,Cavalieri EL,Small GJ

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Raloxifene (Evista) is a second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator used in the treatment of osteoporosis and for chemoprevention of breast cancer. It is bioactivated to reactive intermediates, which covalently bind to proteins and form GSH conjugates upon incubation with NADPH and GSH-supplemented human ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Dalvie D,Kang P,Zientek M,Xiang C,Zhou S,Obach RS

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of Rad4/Rad23, the yeast homolog of the human nucleotide excision repair (NER) lesion recognition factor XPC-RAD23B ( Min , J. H. and Pavletich , N. P. ( 2007 ) Nature 449 , 570 - 575 ) reveals that the lesion-partner base is flipped out of the helix and binds to amino acids of the protein. This ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cai Y,Zheng H,Ding S,Kropachev K,Schwaid AG,Tang Y,Mu H,Wang S,Geacintov NE,Zhang Y,Broyde S

更新日期：2013-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are known hepatotoxins. The execution of the toxicities of the alkaloids requires metabolic activation. Protein modification by reactive metabolites of PAs has been suggested to be an important mechanism of the toxic actions of PAs. The objectives of the present study were to define the i...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li W,Wang K,Lin G,Peng Y,Zheng J

更新日期：2016-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Capillary liquid chromatography-continuous-flow fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry is applied to the detection of deoxynucleoside adducts of N-acetoxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene. In such a configuration, normal scan and tandem mass spectrometric techniques are shown to provide useful structural information for an N...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wolf SM,Vouros P

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogen exposure through early menarche, late menopause, and hormone replacement therapy increases the risk factor for hormone-dependent cancers. Although the molecular mechanisms are not completely established, DNA damage by quinone electrophilic reactive intermediates, derived from estrogen oxidative metabolism, is...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chandrasena RE,Edirisinghe PD,Bolton JL,Thatcher GR

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well-known that aromatic diamino-, dihydroxy-, and amino-hydroxy compounds, with NH(2) and OH groups in ortho- or para-positions relative to each other, are strong skin sensitizers. In this paper, we analyze published potency and cross-reactivity data, whereby animals sensitized to one of these compounds are cha...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Aptula AO,Enoch SJ,Roberts DW

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four novel cadmium-chelating agents N,N'di(D-glucosyl)alkanediamine-N,N'-bis(carbodithioates) 4a-e were prepared as disodium salts of the general formula (CH2)n[N(CS2Na)CH2(CHOH)4CH2OH]2, where n = 7, 8, 10, and 12. They were synthesized by the reductive coupling of 2 mol of alpha-D-(+)-glucose (1) with 1 mol of the c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Singh PK,Jones MM,Kostial K,Blanusa M,Piasek M

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tocopherols (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-Toc) and tocopheryl quinones (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-TQ) were recently suggested to modulate mitochondrial electron transfer in mammals. Intriguingly, Tocs and stigmatellin, a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial cytochrome (cyt) bc(1) complex, possess a common ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Müllebner A,Patel A,Stamberg W,Staniek K,Rosenau T,Netscher T,Gille L

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorophyllin (CHL), a food-grade derivative of the green plant pigment chlorophyll, has recently been shown in this laboratory to be a potent inhibitor in vivo of hepatic aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-DNA adduction and hepatocarcinogenesis (Breinholt et al. (1995) Cancer Res. 55, 57-62). We report here that CHL forms a strong ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Breinholt V,Schimerlik M,Dashwood R,Bailey G

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:beta-Carotene and other carotenoids are thought to exert disease preventive actions by scavenging reactive free radicals, but the mechanisms of these reactions are poorly understood. We detected products formed by reaction of beta-carotene with alkoxyl, and alkylperoxyl free radicals generated by thermolysis of azobis...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Liebler DC,McClure TD

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sugars and sugar degradation products react in vivo readily with proteins (glycation) resulting in the formation of a heterogeneous group of reaction products, which are called advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs notably change the structure and function of proteins so that extended protein-AGE formation is l...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Schneider M,Thoss G,Hübner-Parajsz C,Kientsch-Engel R,Stahl P,Pischetsrieder M

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinically used antitumor antibiotic mitomycin C requires a reductive activation to be converted to a bis-electrophile that forms several covalent adducts with DNA, including an interstrand cross-link which is considered to be the lesion responsible for the cytotoxic effects of the drug. Enzymes such as cytochrome...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Paz MM

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloid-β plaques and oxidative stress are the major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Our previous study found that the heme-Aβ complex enhanced the catalytic effect of free heme on protein tyrosine nitration in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitrite (NO2-). Y10 in Aβ could be the first target to be nit...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhao J,Wu J,Yang Z,Li H,Gao Z

更新日期：2017-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer-associated mutations often lead to perturbed cellular energy metabolism and accumulation of potentially harmful oncometabolites. One example is the chiral molecule 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG); its two stereoisomers (d- and l-2HG) have been found at abnormally high concentrations in tumors featuring anomalous metab...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen F,Bian K,Tang Q,Fedeles BI,Singh V,Humulock ZT,Essigmann JM,Li D

更新日期：2017-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Thalidomide is an infamous teratogen and it is continuously being explored for its anticancer properties. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are implicated in embryo development and cancer pathophysiology. With striking similarities observed between FGFR implicated conditions and thalidomide embryopathy, we hy...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sundaresan L,Kumar P,Manivannan J,Balaguru UM,Kasiviswanathan D,Veeriah V,Anishetty S,Chatterjee S

更新日期：2019-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is inevitable due to the plethora of applications for which they are being manufactured and integrated within. ENMs demonstrate plentiful advantages in terms of industrial approaches as well as from a consumer perspective. However, despite such positives, doubts remain...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cronin JG,Jones N,Thornton CA,Jenkins GJS,Doak SH,Clift MJD

更新日期：2020-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Divinyl sulfone (DVS) is an important oxidative metabolic product of sulfur mustard (SM) in vitro and in vivo. Although DVS is not a classical blister agent, its high reactivity and toxicity induced by vinyl groups can also cause blisters like SM upon contact with the skin, eyes, and respiratory organs. The purpose of...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lv S,Zhang Y,Xu B,Xu H,Zhao Y,Chen J,Gao Z,Wu J,Xie J

更新日期：2017-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatotoxicity of allyl alcohol involves its bioactivation to acrolein and subsequent protein sulfhydryl loss and lipid peroxidation. However, the links between these events and hepatocellular death are not known. The purpose of these studies was to examine whether specific signal transduction pathways are associated ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Maddox JF,Roth RA,Ganey PE

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anxiolytic kava products have been associated with rare but severe hepatotoxicity in humans. This adverse potential has never been captured in animal models, and the responsible compound(s) remains to be determined. The lack of such knowledge greatly hinders the preparation of a safer kava product and limits its benef...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Narayanapillai SC,Leitzman P,O'Sullivan MG,Xing C

更新日期：2014-10-20 00:00:00