Characterization of the transient oxaphosphetane BChE inhibitor formed from spontaneously activated ethephon.

abstract：:Thiol conjugates of isothiocyanates (thiol-ITCs) are metabolites of ITCs formed in the mercapturic acid pathway in mammals. They are effective chemopreventive agents in mouse lung tumor bioassays and in other models. Thiol-ITCs are inhibitors of P450s, but it has not been determined if P450 inhibition is due to conjug...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Conaway CC,Krzeminski J,Amin S,Chung FL

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conformation of the crotonaldehyde-derived N(2)-[3-oxo-1(S)-methyl-propyl]-dG adduct in the oligodeoxynucleotide 5'-d(G(1)C(2)T(3)A(4)G(5)C(6)X(7)A(8)G(9)T(10)C(11)C(12))-3'.5'-d(G(13)G(14)A(15)C(16)T(17)C(18)G(19)C(20)T(21)A(22)G(23)C(2)(4))-3', where X = N(2)-[3-oxo-1(S)-methyl-propyl]-dG, is reported. This addu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cho YJ,Wang H,Kozekov ID,Kozekova A,Kurtz AJ,Jacob J,Voehler M,Smith J,Harris TM,Rizzo CJ,Lloyd RS,Stone MP

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is vital that methylated trivalent arsenicals [MA(III) and DMA(III)] are described and characterized unequivocally due to their high toxicity. Two different ways of generating the methylated trivalent arsenicals have been practiced-reduction of the methylated pentavalent arsenical either by the sodium-metabisulfite...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hansen HR,Raab A,Jaspars M,Milne BF,Feldmann J

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To reveal the roles of Y family DNA polymerases in the mutagenesis induced by oxidatively damaged DNA precursors, 2-hydroxy-dATP (2-OH-dATP) and 8-hydroxy-dGTP (8-OH-dGTP) were introduced into Escherichia coli strains deficient in the Y family polymerases, DNA polymerase IV (pol IV, encoded by the dinB gene) and DNA p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Satou K,Yamada M,Nohmi T,Harashima H,Kamiya H

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) metabolize alkyl- and arylamines, generating several different products. For the primary and secondary amines, some of these reactions result in hydroxylated amines, which may be toxic. Thus, when designing new drugs containing amine groups, it is important to be able to predict if a giv...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Seger ST,Rydberg P,Olsen L

更新日期：2015-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolism of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) was investigated in five human volunteers given a dietary equivalent of 14C-labeled MeIQx. The amount of the dose excreted in urine ranged from 20.2% to 58.6%, with unmetabolized MeIQx accounting for 0.7-2.8% of the dose. Five principal metabolite...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Turesky RJ,Garner RC,Welti DH,Richoz J,Leveson SH,Dingley KH,Turteltaub KW,Fay LB

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (CAS-RN 6959-96-3) (DMNQ) and 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (CAS-RN 58-27-5) (MNQ:menadione) are effective one electron redox cycling chemicals in vitro. In addition, in vitro MNQ forms a thioether conjugate with glutathione by nucleophilic attack at the third carbon. In contrast, here w...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Parry JD,Pointon AV,Lutz U,Teichert F,Charlwood JK,Chan PH,Athersuch TJ,Taylor EL,Singh R,Luo J,Phillips KM,Vetillard A,Lyon JJ,Keun HC,Lutz WK,Gant TW

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Derivatives of methyl 3-(1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-5-(propylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-ylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-ylamino)-3-oxopropane-1-sulfonate (1), a peptide-based DNA minor groove binding methylating agent, were synthesized and characterized. In all cases, the N-terminus was appended with an O-methyl sulfonate ester, while...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Iyer P,Srinivasan A,Singh SK,Mascara GP,Zayitova S,Sidone B,Fouquerel E,Svilar D,Sobol RW,Bobola MS,Silber JR,Gold B

更新日期：2013-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical and physical characterization of transported evolving aerosols in an in vitro system is complex. The challenges include appropriate sampling sensitivity, measurement capabilities, and performing online measurements of constituents in the flowing aerosol during exposure. We assessed the performance of single-p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Frege C,Asgari M,Steiner S,Ferreira S,Majeed S,Lucci F,Frentzel S,Hoeng J,Kuczaj AK

更新日期：2020-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced myocardial infarction (DIMI) is one of the most serious adverse drug effects that often lead to death. Therefore, the identification of DIMI at the early stages of drug development is essential. For this purpose, the in vitro testing and in silico prediction of interactions between drug-like substances an...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ivanov SM,Lagunin AA,Pogodin PV,Filimonov DA,Poroikov VV

更新日期：2014-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of the ubiquitous pollutant and endogenous metabolite, acrolein, is due in part to covalent protein modifications. Acrolein reacts readily with protein nucleophiles via Michael addition and Schiff base formation. Potential acrolein targets in protein include the nucleophilic side chains of cysteine, histi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cai J,Bhatnagar A,Pierce WM Jr

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A newly developed recombinant yeast strain, in which the human estrogen receptor has been stably integrated into the genome of the yeast, was used to gain information on the estrogenic activity of a large series of dietary flavonoids. Among 23 flavonoids investigated, 8 were found to markedly stimulate the transcripti...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Breinholt V,Larsen JC

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatic metabolism of microcystins (MCs), potent cyclic peptide hepatotoxins produced by cyanobacteria, was studied by i.p. injection in mice and rats. An immunoaffinity purification method using an anti-MC-LR monoclonal antibody showed a remarkable effect on the removal of contaminants in the hepatic cytosol and ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kondo F,Matsumoto H,Yamada S,Ishikawa N,Ito E,Nagata S,Ueno Y,Suzuki M,Harada K

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monosubstituted isopropylated triaryl phosphate (mITP) is a major component of Firemaster 550, an additive flame retardant mixture commonly used in polyurethane foams. Developmental toxicity studies in zebrafish established mITP as the most toxic component of FM 550, which causes pericardial edema and heart looping fa...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Haggard DE,Das SR,Tanguay RL

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco smoking is one of the leading causes for oral cancer. Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P), an environmental pollutant and a tobacco smoke constituent, is the most carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) tested to date in several animal models (target organs: skin, lung, ovary, and mammary tissues). We hav...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhang SM,Chen KM,Aliaga C,Sun YW,Lin JM,Sharma AK,Amin S,El-Bayoumy K

更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytotoxic activity of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), streptozotocin, and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was determined in cell culture by using a P388 cell growth rate inhibition assay. These agents appear to have very different activities when inhibition is related to the agent concentration in the cu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Weinkam RJ,Dolan ME

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxides (BPDEs) are the ultimate carcinogenic species of benzo[a]pyrene, a prototype polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). BPDE-modified DNA duplexes can adopt multiple conformations depending on the nature of the modified bases, the stereochemistry at the location of the covalent linkage, and th...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yang T,Huang Y,Cho BP

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemical reactivities of the optically-pure fjord-region syn- and anti-benzo[g]chrysene 11,12-dihydrodiol 13,14-epoxides (B[g]CDEs) toward DNA in vitro have been compared with those of the optically-pure fjord-region syn- and anti-benzo[c]phenanthrene 3,4-dihydrodiol 1,2-epoxides (B[c]PhDEs), using the standard 32...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Giles AS,Seidel A,Phillips DH

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Platinum group metals (PGMs) is a group of metals that include platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium. Occupational respiratory exposure to platinum has been reported since 1945, but studies investigating occupational exposure to palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium are scarce. This...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Linde SJL,Franken A,du Plessis JL

更新日期：2017-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Quartz (crystalline silica) is not consistently carcinogenic across different industries where similar quartz exposure occurs. In addition, there are reports that surface modification of quartz affects its cytotoxicity, inflammogenicity, and fibrogenicity. Taken together, these data suggest that the carcinogenicity of...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Schins RP,Duffin R,Höhr D,Knaapen AM,Shi T,Weishaupt C,Stone V,Donaldson K,Borm PJ

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of studies was conducted to investigate the potential of (R)- and (S)-2-phenylpropionic acid (2-PPA) to undergo enantioselective covalent binding to protein in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes and to determine whether such covalent binding is dependent on acyl glucuronidation or acyl-CoA formation of 2-PPA. H...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li C,Benet LZ,Grillo MP

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of a series of Maillard reaction products formed from carbohydrates under household heating conditions on the growth of human tumor cells in vitro. 4-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3-(2H)-furanone (1) was found to potently enhance the proliferation of human tumor cells. In contrast, the Maillard-type chro...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Marko D,Habermeyer M,Kemény M,Weyand U,Niederberger E,Frank O,Hofmann T

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As metals are ubiquitous in the environment, humans are continuously exposed to them. Although some metallic ions play key roles in human physiology, most metals are redundant and are actually hazardous to humans. A frequent event in the toxicological cascade triggered by nonessential metals concerns the abrogation of...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Vinken M,Ceelen L,Vanhaecke T,Rogiers V

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis is expected to grow substantially due to recent failures in detecting severe toxicity issues of new chemical entities during preclinical/clinical development. Traditionally, safety risk assessment studies for humans have b...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Goracci L,Valeri A,Sciabola S,Aleo MD,Moritz W,Lichtenberg J,Cruciani G

更新日期：2020-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Isoeugenol is widely used by the cosmetic and fragrance industries, but it also represents a known cause of skin sensitization adverse effects. Although devoid of a structural alert, isoeugenol has been classified as prehapten in virtue of the presence of a pre-Michael acceptor domain. Isoeugenol oxidation could theor...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Ahn J,Avonto C,Chittiboyina AG,Khan IA

更新日期：2020-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent reports by Galeazzi and co-workers demonstrated the susceptibility of Abeta(1-42) to undergo dityrosine formation via peroxidase-catalyzed tyrosine cross-linking. We have formed dityrosine cross-links in Abeta(1-40) using these enzymatic conditions as well as a copper-H(2)O(2) method. The efficiency of dityrosi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yoburn JC,Tian W,Brower JO,Nowick JS,Glabe CG,Van Vranken DL

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pesticide biotransformation, especially by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs), may produce metabolites with substantially altered toxicological and physicochemical profiles, which has drawn great attention as a basis for environmental risk assessment. CYPs are active in the metabolism of various reactions of pesticides, a...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chai L,Ji S,Zhang S,Yu H,Zhao M,Ji L

更新日期：2020-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:( E)-4-Hydroxynon-2-enal (HNE), an electrophilic bifunctional cytotoxic lipid peroxidation product, forms covalent adducts with nucleophilic side chains of amino acid residues. HNE-derived adducts have been implicated in many pathophysiological processes including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Tr...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Annangudi SP,Deng Y,Gu X,Zhang W,Crabb JW,Salomon RG

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently shown that dithiocarbamate (DC) disulfides inhibit proteolytic processing of the caspase-3 proenzyme in Jurkat T lymphocytes treated with anti-CD95 (Fas/APO-1) antibody. Because the processing can be accomplished by caspase activity, we investigated the effect of DC disulfides, such as disulfiram (DSF...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nobel CS,Kimland M,Nicholson DW,Orrenius S,Slater AF

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deoxyribose oxidation in DNA represents a biologically important facet of oxidative DNA damage that gives rise to protein-DNA cross-links and base adducts. Toward the goal of quantifying deoxyribose oxidation chemistry in cells, we report a method for the quantification of 3'-phosphoglycolaldehyde (PGA) residues, whic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Collins C,Awada MM,Zhou X,Dedon PC

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00