Abstract:
:Quartz (crystalline silica) is not consistently carcinogenic across different industries where similar quartz exposure occurs. In addition, there are reports that surface modification of quartz affects its cytotoxicity, inflammogenicity, and fibrogenicity. Taken together, these data suggest that the carcinogenicity of quartz is also related to particle surface characteristics, and so we determined the genotoxic effects of DQ12 quartz particles versus DQ12 whose surface was modified by treating with either aluminum lactate or polyvinylpyridine-N-oxide (PVNO). The different particle preparations were characterized for hydroxyl-radical generation using electron spin resonance (ESR). DNA damage was determined by immunocytochemical analysis of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the alkaline comet-assay using A549 human lung epithelial cells. Cytotoxicity was measured using the LDH- and MTT-assays, and particle uptake by the A549 cells was quantified by light microscopy, using digital light imaging evaluation of 800 nm sections. The ability of quartz to generate hydroxyl-radicals in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was markedly reduced upon surface modification with aluminum lactate or PVNO. DNA strand breakage and 8-OHdG formation, as produced by quartz at nontoxic concentrations, could be completely prevented by both coating materials. Particle uptake into A549 cells appeared to be significantly inhibited by the PVNO-coating, and to a lesser extent by the aluminum-lactate coating. Our data demonstrate that respirable quartz particles induce oxidative DNA damage in human lung epithelial cells and indicates that surface properties of the quartz as well as particle uptake by these target cells are important in the cytotoxic and the genotoxic effects of quartz in vitro.
journal_name
Chem Res Toxicoljournal_title
Chemical research in toxicologyauthors
Schins RP,Duffin R,Höhr D,Knaapen AM,Shi T,Weishaupt C,Stone V,Donaldson K,Borm PJdoi
10.1021/tx025558usubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-09-01 00:00:00pages
1166-73issue
9eissn
0893-228Xissn
1520-5010pii
tx025558ujournal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This paper reports on the analysis of the toxin content from Palythoa tuberculosa and Palythoa toxica samples collected off of the Hawaiian coast. Our work, based on in-depth high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis along with extensive NMR study, led us to structurally characterize 42-hydroxy-...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx900259v
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1H NMR spectroscopic and pattern recognition (PR)-based methods were used to investigate the biochemical variability in urine obtained from control rats and from rats treated with a hydrazine (a model hepatotoxin) or HgCl(2) (a model renal cortical toxin). The 600 MHz (1)H NMR spectra of urine samples obtained from ve...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx990210t
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The procarcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is the most abundant heterocyclic amine formed during the cooking of foods. Metabolism of PhIP by CYP1A2 differs substantially between humans and rodents, with more N2-hydroxylation (activation) and less 4'-hydroxylation (detoxication) in humans....
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx050136g
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deoxyribose oxidation in DNA represents a biologically important facet of oxidative DNA damage that gives rise to protein-DNA cross-links and base adducts. Toward the goal of quantifying deoxyribose oxidation chemistry in cells, we report a method for the quantification of 3'-phosphoglycolaldehyde (PGA) residues, whic...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx0341198
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The guidelines embodied in this document were revised by the editors of the Publication Division of the American Chemical Society in January 1994 and endorsed by the Society Committee on Publications. ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytotoxicity of Al(2)O(3) nanoparticles (NP) at very low exposure levels (1 μg/mL and less) to a dominant bacterial isolate from freshwater (lake water), Bacillus licheniformis, was examined. Sterile lake water was directly used as a test medium or matrix to simulate the freshwater environment. Exposure to 1 μg/mL...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx200244g
更新日期:2011-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Platinum group metals (PGMs) is a group of metals that include platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium. Occupational respiratory exposure to platinum has been reported since 1945, but studies investigating occupational exposure to palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium are scarce. This...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00184
更新日期:2017-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Deferoxamine is an inhibitor of iron-dependent free radical reactions. Despite the antioxidant roles, prolonged clinical use of the chelator is far from benign, and paradoxically, deferoxamine has been shown to promote lipid peroxidation. The possible toxicity of the drug's metabolites, such as deferoxamine nitroxide ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx980212y
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a semiessential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) for eukaryotic cells that is found in natural sources such as fish and algal oils and widely used as an ingredient for omega-3 containing foods or supplements. DHA effects are connected to its natural structure with six cis double bonds, b...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00021
更新日期:2018-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::A liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method for the measurement of aflatoxin biomarkers in urine has been developed and validated. The two major aflatoxin-DNA adducts formed in rat tissues, aflatoxin N(7)-guanine and its imidazole ring opened derivative, 8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diami...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx010063a
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of paraquat (PQ2+) is attributed to intracellularly formed PQ*+, O(2)*-, H(2)O(2), and secondary.OH radicals generated through Fenton-like reactions. Yet, no antidote for PQ2+ toxicity in human has been found also due to poor cell permeability of many common antioxidants that remove toxic species predomin...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx0155956
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tremendous demand of the market for carbon nanotubes has led to their massive production that presents an increasing risk through occupational exposure. Lung deposition of carbon nanotubes is known to cause acute localized pulmonary adverse effects. However, systemic cardiovascular damages associated with acute pu...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx5004003
更新日期:2015-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Liver microsomes from uninduced hogs catalyzed the NADPH-dependent N-oxidation of the hydroxylamine (Z)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-N-hydroxy-N-methyl-3-(3-pyridyl)allylamine. The conjugated nitrone N-[(2Z)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(3-pyridyl)-2-propenylidene]methylamin e N-oxide was the principal product and accounted for 90-95% of...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx00017a007
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhalation of environmental particulate matter (PM) is correlated with adverse health effects in humans, but gene products that couple detection with cellular responses, and the specific properties of PM that target different pathways, have not been fully elucidated. TRPA1 and V1 are two cation channels expressed by s...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx200123z
更新日期:2011-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::A series of tether-linked bis netropsins have been synthesized in order to assess the phasing problem, which arises because of the lack of dimensional correspondence between oligopeptides and oligonucleotides in DNA binding characteristics. The consequences of incorporating variable-length flexible and rigid tethers [...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx00014a013
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported [Correia et al. (1987) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 258, 436-443] that administration of 3,5-dicarbethoxy-4-ethyl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (DDEP) to untreated, phenobarbital (PB) pretreated, or dexamethasone (DEX) pretreated rats results in relatively selective inactivation of cytochrome P-450 (P-4...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx00012a008
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interstrand cross-links are minor components of the collection of products formed in DNA by ionizing radiation. Through their formation by other damaging agents, it is known that interstrand cross-links exert significant effects on replication and transcription. The structures of DNA interstrand cross-links produced a...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx7002307
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::2,3-Epoxy-4-hydroxynonanal (EH) is a bifunctional aldehyde formed by epoxidation of trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, a peroxidation product of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. EH is mutagenic and tumorigenic and capable of modifying DNA bases forming etheno adducts in vitro. Recent studies showed that etheno adducts are...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx980107o
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glyoxal is generated endogenously from the degradation of glucose and the oxidation of carbohydrates, lipids, and the 2-deoxyribose moieties of DNA. Glyoxal is also widely used in industry and is present in cigarette smoke and food. Glyoxal can conjugate with nucleobases and proteins to give advanced glycation end pro...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx900286c
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are useful in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer, the SERM tamoxifen has been associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer possibly due to metabolism to electrophilic quinoids. Another SERM, arzoxifene is currently in clinical trials for the...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx049776u
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogens and their oxidative metabolites, the catechol estrogens, have been implicated in the development of breast cancer; yet, relatively little is known about estrogen metabolism in the breast. To determine how the parent hormone, 17 beta-estradiol (E(2)), is metabolized, we used recombinant, purified phase I enzy...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx0498657
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of studies was conducted to investigate the potential of (R)- and (S)-2-phenylpropionic acid (2-PPA) to undergo enantioselective covalent binding to protein in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes and to determine whether such covalent binding is dependent on acyl glucuronidation or acyl-CoA formation of 2-PPA. H...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx025600l
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species can induce the formation of tandem DNA lesions. We recently showed that the treatment of calf thymus DNA with Cu2+/H2O2/ascorbate could result in the efficient formation of a tandem lesion where a 5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymidine (or thymidine glycol) is situated on the 5' side of an 8-oxo-7,...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx8003449
更新日期:2009-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population, above 65 years of age. Multiple lines of evidence confirm the central role of 40-42 residue Abeta peptides in the pathogenesis of AD, but exact mechanisms of Abeta toxicity remain unclear. Recently, evidence has accumulat...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx900358j
更新日期:2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::While xenobiotic carboxylic acids (XCAs) have been studied extensively with respect to their enzymatic conversion to potentially reactive acyl glucuronides with implications to drug induced hepatotoxicity, the formation of xenobiotic-S-acyl-CoA thioesters (xenobiotic-CoAs) have been much less studied in spite of data ...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/tx400183y
更新日期:2013-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::With CO2 present in excess, ONOO- reacts to form an adduct in solution and in the solid state, most likely ONOOCO2-. In solution, the adduct appears within 2 ms and absorbs at 300 with an extinction coefficient, which is either 50% or 100% (preferred) of that of ONOO-, 1.70 × 103 M-1 cm-1, and at 685 nm with an extinc...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00068
更新日期:2018-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and hexestrol (HES) are carcinogenic synthetic estrogens. The major metabolites of these compounds are their catechol derivatives, 3'-OH-DES and 3'-OH-HES. Oxidation of these metabolites leads to the electrophilic quinones, which are presumably involved in the tumor-initiating process. A synth...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx970140v
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryogenic (4-10 K) laser-induced vibrationless ground state and vibronic excited state fluorescence emission spectra of the adducts resulting from reaction in vitro of human serum albumin and the carcinogen (+-)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-c-9,c-10-epoxy-7,8,9,10- tetrahydrobenzo[a]-pyrene were recorded in order to determine th...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx00025a012
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free-radical oxidation of human plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) produces (carboxyalkyl)pyrrole (CAP) epitopes that were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using antibodies raised against keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-bound 2-(omega-carboxyheptyl)-pyrrole (CHP) and 2-(omega-carboxypropyl)pyrrole (C...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx970112c
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has shown that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes porphyria, enhanced by iron, in C57BL/6J mice with marked accumulation in the liver of uroporphyrin I and III isomers and heptacarboxylic acid III and is one model of human porphyria cutanea tarda. Preliminary examination by HPLC also indic...
journal_title:Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/tx060212v
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00