Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Intravenous azithromycin (AZM) has been widely used in children worldwide, but there still remains much concern regarding its off-label use, which urgently needs to be regulated. Therefore, we developed a rapid advice guideline in China to give recommendations of rational use of intravenous AZM in children. METHODS:This guideline focuses on antimicrobial therapy with intravenous AZM in children. The Delphi research method was used to select questions. A systematic literature review was also conducted. Data were pooled and ranked according to the GRADE system. Recommendations were developed based on expert clinical experience, patients' values and preferences, and evidence availability. After an external review, the recommendations were revised and approved. RESULTS:This guideline included eighteen recommendations that covered four domains: (a) Indications: the treatment of pneumonia caused by atypical but common pathogens, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis or Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila, more typical bacteria as well as the treatment of bronchitis of presumed bacterial aetiologies; (b) Usage and dosage: administration route, infusion concentrations, treatment duration, course of sequential treatment, and dosage stratified by age; (c) Adverse reactions and treatment: the management of gastrointestinal reactions, arrhythmias, pain or phlebitis at the infusion site, and anaphylaxis; and (d) Special population: children with renal or liver dysfunction, congenital heart disease, and obesity. This guideline will hopefully help promote a rational use of intravenous AZM in children worldwide. CONCLUSION:This guideline has summarised the evidence and has developed recommendations on the use of intravenous AZM in children worldwide. Further attention and well-designed researches should be conducted on the off-label use of intravenous AZM in children.
journal_name
Int J Clin Practjournal_title
International journal of clinical practiceauthors
Zhou P,Wang X,Zhang X,Xu B,Tong X,Zhou W,Shen K,Zhai Sdoi
10.1111/ijcp.14010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-09 00:00:00pages
e14010eissn
1368-5031issn
1742-1241pub_type
杂志文章abstract:AIMS:The IMPROVE observational study evaluated the safety profile and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (BIAsp 30) in patients with type 2 diabetes in routine practice in 11 countries. METHODS:Patients who initiated insulin therapy with, or switched existing insulin therapy to, BIAsp 30 in routine care we...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02002.x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical syndrome of anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions is quite variable, making diagnosis difficult at times. Early recognition by patient or physician is imperative to appropriate management. Recurrences may be life-threatening if the initial diagnosis is incorrect, as patients do not avoid the offending a...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of this study was to assess patient characteristics, medication treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization among men with existing erectile dysfunction (ED) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), who are newly diagnosed with the second condition (BPH or ED) compared with those with only one con...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.12657
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug while its abuse and dependence has an increasing prevalence among the young population. Marijuana smoking affects the circulatory system triggering various cardiovascular events. Of note, recent case reports indicate a possible association with atrial fibrillation (AF)....
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01505.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood component therapy with a supraphysiological concentration of platelets derived from allogenic or, more commonly, autologous blood. PRP has been used in different non-transfusion indications because of its role in the promotion of tissue repair and healing, in fields su...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13402
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present one of the rarer causes of pregnancy-associated jaundice in the immediate puerperium. A 30-year-old multipara with pyruvate kinase deficiency became jaundiced within a few hours of delivery, following an uneventful pregnancy and labour at term. She responded to conservative management, the jaundice clearing...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In the setting of an increasing workload for radiologists, this study focuses on the feasibility of skill mixing in breast imaging in a hospital radiology department. METHODS:Two radiological technologists with more than 10 years of experience in performing mammograms were trained in prereading mammograms to s...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02310.x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::General practitioners (GPs) are increasingly involved in the selective opportunistic case finding of osteoporosis and treatment of this condition. An open access bone densitometry service has existed for GPs in the Cardiff area since 1993. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of this service, part...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2004.00151.x
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptospirosis is a re-emerging spirochetal zoonosis with a worldwide distribution affecting both animals and humans. The clinical syndromes may vary from a subclinical infection to a severe illness. Although it may potentially have a fulminant and fatal course, leptospirosis usually remains as an underdiagnosed cause ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00638.x
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac sustained-released (SR) 75 mg tablets taken b.i.d. were compared with that of enteric-coated diclofenac sodium 50 mg tablets given t.i.d. in a seven-day, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel groups study in 294 outpatients suffering from painful femorotibial or hip o...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erectile dysfunction (ED) shares the same risk factors as coronary artery disease, so the level of occult cardiovascular risk in men with ED was assessed. A total of 174 men presenting with ED underwent cardiac risk stratification according to the Princeton Consensus Guidelines. Thirty per cent were stratified as inte...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiovascular medications are effective in prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, medication non-adherence contributes to morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE:This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarise the evidence regarding the relationship between characteristics of drug th...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13044
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular diseases are the principal causes of mortality in middle-aged people and in older people. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common of the cardiovascular diseases; high serum levels of cholesterol are associated with atherosclerosis and an increased risk of CHD. Cholesterol homeostasis is achieved...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2004.00351.x
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for cardiovascular risk reduction remains uncertain. Although previous epidemiological surveys have suggested a clear benefit and nearly 50% mortality risk reduction with HRT in postmenopausal women, recent randomised trials have largely failed to support this. The epidemio...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationship between psoriasis and cardiomyopathy is understudied in Indian patients. OBJECTIVE:We evaluated psoriasis patients for cardiomyopathy and other echocardiographic abnormalities. METHODS:About 98 (M:F = 67:31) patients with mild to moderate psoriasis aged 18-75 years (mean ± SD = 42.12 ± 12....
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13756
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this survey were to establish the prevalence, onset, severity and impact of incontinence and attitudes towards the availability of advice and treatment in female adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Northern Ireland. All female patients (n=59) at the Northern Ireland Regional Adult CF Centre were post...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of this study was to describe and compare treatment modifications and discontinuation, adherence levels and response to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating on low-dose vs. standard-dose statin treatment. METHODS:A 2-year follow-up cohort study was performed using data from the Groningen ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.12806
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:We analysed the effectiveness and safety of outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in patients admitted to home hospitalisation units (HHU). METHODS:Retrospective multicentre study of patients with AECOPD included in the Spanish OPAT ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13022
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Manifestations of atypical gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) are varied, and the presentation of atypical symptoms may occur in the absence of typical symptoms. The most sensitive and specific investigation for GORD is pH monitoring, and its application in atypical disease is utilized throughout this paper as a b...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2004.0081.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To establish the value of the first 3 years of a cardiovascular risk factor clinic in tackling the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS:A database review of all 339 patients referred to the clinic. RESULTS:Blood pressure levels in the hypertensive patients were significantly reduced and 9...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01667.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis is an uncommon cause of carpal tunnel syndrome. We report a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed hand numbness. Ultrasonic, operative and microbiological findings supported the diagnosis of median nerve compression secondary to a tuberculous abscess. The symptoms resolved with surgical ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a recognised complication following kidney transplantation, but the incidence varies according to the geographical area. Although it is a rare tumour, its incidence increases dramatically after solid-organ transplantation. The immunosuppressive medications reactivate human herpes virus 8, whic...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.00815.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the commonest lethal inherited conditions among Caucasians. It affects multiple organ systems and exhibits a range of clinical problems of varying severity. Life expectancy has improved in recent years as treatment regimes have become more intensive, but current treatments are expensive,...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rationale for medical therapy for otospongiosis is to slow down and eventually stop the phase of bone resorption. There is some increase in the incidence of stapedial otospongiosis in a low-fluoride area compared with a high-fluoride area. Sodium fluoride treatment has a role to play in preventing the onset and pr...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02046.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to compare the thyroid hormone (TH) profile in male infertile subjects with normal and altered sperm parameters and assess its relationship with spermogram and reproductive hormones. DESIGN:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi from August 2017 till September 2018 o...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13555
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is being questioned if Helicobacter pylori infection, which causes a chronic inflammatory response, can increase the frequency and severity of attacks in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) and if the impact of inflammatory response can be diminished by eradication of the infection. To evaluate if ther...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01098.x
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) foreign bodies represent a significant clinical problem in the Emergency Department, causing a high degree of financial burden, morbidity and mortality. A large variety of foreign bodies are accidentally ingested or inserted into the GIT in different age groups. This a retrospective review...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2006.00709.x
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid in the pleural space is a common sequela of a wide range of diseases which may be pulmonary, pleural or extrapulmonary. As the differential diagnosis is wide, a systematic approach to investigation and diagnosis is recommended. This review highlights the important features and recommendations for the investigati...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02068.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking induces a significant oxidant effect related to variety of free radical-related diseases often affecting the upper respiratory tract, unless it is effectively compensated by the antioxidant barriers of the humans. In the present study, the evaluation of the antioxidant compensatory mechanisms, by est...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2004.00340.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a result of incessant genetic discoveries and remarkable technological advancements, the availability and the consequent consumer's request for genetic testing are growing exponentially, leading to the development of a 'parallel' market, i.e. the direct-to-consumer (DTC) testing, also known as 'direct access testin...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02774.x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00