Abstract：
:Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a major cause of blindness worldwide. It is a disease of ocular anatomy that is related to pupillary-block and angle-crowding mechanisms of filtration angle closure. Eyes at increased risk for primary angle-closure are small with decreased axial length, anterior chamber depth, and filtration angle width, associated with a proportionately large lens. Angle-closure glaucoma afflicts Asian and Eskimo eyes more frequently than eyes in other races with similar predisposing dimensions. The treatment of primary angle closure addresses its causal mechanisms. Laser peripheral iridotomy equalizes the anterior and posterior pressures and widens the filtration angle by reducing the effect of pupillary block. Argon laser peripheral iridoplasty contracts the iris stroma to reduce angle crowding and is helpful for some affected eyes. Lensectomy dramatically widens the angle and eliminates pupillary block. Clinical reports of lensectomy with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of acute, chronic, and secondary angle-closure glaucoma describe very favorable results. The appropriate role for lensectomy in the management of primary angle closure, however, remains unproven. Prospective, randomized clinical trials are ongoing to determine the value and comparative risks and efficacy of lensectomy versus medical therapy, laser peripheral iridotomy, laser iridoplasty, and filtration procedures for the treatment of acute and chronic primary angle closure and for the prevention of chronic angle-closure glaucoma, both after and in place of laser peripheral iridotomy.
journal_name
Surv Ophthalmoljournal_title
Survey of ophthalmologyauthors
Tarongoy P,Ho CL,Walton DSdoi
10.1016/j.survophthal.2008.12.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-03-01 00:00:00pages
211-25issue
2eissn
0039-6257issn
1879-3304pii
S0039-6257(08)00254-3journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of sympathetic ophthalmia are helping to remove the pigmented cloud which has obstructed the view of researchers on this disease for many years. Clinical features, diagnostic testing, histopathologic variations and principles of treatment are evaluated in the context o...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(79)90018-3
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ocular posterior segment manifestations of AIDS may be divided into four categories: retinal vasculopathy, unusual malignancies, neuro-ophthalmologic abnormalities, and opportunistic infections. Microvasculopathy is the most common manifestation. Opportunistic infections, particularly cytomegalovirus retinitis and...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2003.12.008
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 24-year-old man experienced the sudden onset of a painless superior-temporal visual field defect of the left eye. Fundoscopy showed peripapillary pigmentary changes and a few nasal retinal white spots. Automated perimetry demonstrated an enlarged blind spot. The differential diagnosis of the various presumed inflamm...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2004.12.003
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in immunology, particularly ocular immunology, have been accompanied by the emergence of safer, more specific immunosuppressive drugs, notably, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclosporine A, bromocriptine, dapsone, and colchicine. These drugs have become an important, and often es...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(91)90186-j
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Latent herpes simplex virus (HSV) is known to reside in the trigeminal ganglia. Our studies show that the temporary retrobulbar disruption of trigeminal nerve function in chronically infected animals caused a striking decrease in the number of positive HSV cultures obtained during the 20 weeks immediately following su...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(76)90098-9
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Jules Gonin's former student presents a personal and historical biography of the Swiss ophthalmologist, who, between 1902 and 1921, explored and illustrated the many unknown aspects of retinal detachment, defined its pathogenesis, and developed the method of reattachment by ignipuncture and thermocautery. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(76)90125-9
更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nonocular manifestations of parenteral drug abuse are presented to familiarize the ophthalmologist with this ever growing, medical and psychosocial problem. The ophthalmologist, like other primary care physicians, may be the first professional to encounter these patients whose substance abuse may lead to a wider s...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(86)90063-9
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent clinical trials have changed the management paradigm for diabetic macular edema (DME). There is an urgent need to identify the most effective ways of preventing retinopathy or intervening at an early, asymptomatic stage in order to preserve vision. The rise in the incidence of diabetes is a serious public healt...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.10.002
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new case of AIDS-associated, small noncleaved cell (Burkitt's) lymphoma that presented as an orbital mass is described. Extraocular muscle involvement was documented by computed tomography and confirmed by orbital biopsy. Extensive abdominal involvement was subsequently diagnosed and this caused the patient's death ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90075-2
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrophysiological research on acquired retinal disorders, both common and rare, is reviewed. Age is a major factor influencing electroretinogram (ERG) and electro-oculogram (EOG) findings. Bipolar or Müller cell death in the aging retina could account for much of the amplitude decline that is observed with age. In ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(00)00125-9
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ocular myasthenia is a localized form of myasthenia clinically involving only the extraocular, levator palpebrae superioris, and/or orbicularis oculi muscles. Ocular manifestations can masquerade as a variety of ocular motility disorders, including cranial nerve and gaze palsies. A history of variable and fatiguable m...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90194-5
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heavy eye syndrome is an important type of myopia-induced strabismus. We provide an overview of heavy eye syndrome, from its history to its most salient features. The theory of the orbital and rectus muscle pulley system as it relates to heavy eye syndrome and the prevailing theories on the pathophysiology of heavy ey...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.06.001
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a naturally occurring mitogen which, in its recombinant form, is under intensive investigation for therapeutic use. Receptor activation by EGF induces up-regulation of synthesis of specific proteins as well as proliferation and differentiation of the corneal epithelium, keratocytes, an...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(90)90127-h
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The abundant data about retinal tears has shown that they are prevalent in the general population and that the vast majority of retinal tears do not lead to retinal detachment. What remains to be clarified are the criteria for identifying the few retinal breaks which require prophylactic surgery to prevent their progr...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(80)90149-6
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paranasal sinus osteoma is a slow-growing, benign, encapsulated bony tumor that may be commonly asymptomatic, being detected incidentally in 1% of plain sinus radiographs or in 3% of sinus computerized tomographic scans. In a patient presenting with orbital cellulitis and epiphora, computed tomography disclosed a larg...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00004-1
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) in low tension glaucoma (LTG) has been investigated. The POBF was measured using the Ocular Blood Flow system of Langham in undisturbed eyes and repeated at IOP increments of about 5 and 10 mmHg in 20 patien...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90064-7
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 37-year-old woman experienced painless, progressive vision loss to no light perception in the left eye over the course of 3 days. The right eye was unaffected. On examination, the only other abnormal finding was a +4 left afferent pupillary defect. She was initially diagnosed with retrobulbar optic neuritis and admi...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2004.02.012
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To compare the cost-effectiveness of bimatoprost versus latanoprost for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension, a cost-effectiveness algorithm was developed to estimate the annual costs and cost per treatment success (cost-effectiveness) for bimatoprost 0.03% QD compared with latanoprost 0.005% QD. Medicati...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2003.12.018
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A child with interstitial deletion of chromosome 17, right optic nerve hypoplasia, and impaired speech had bilateral congenital optic disc pigmentation, giving the appearance of gray optic discs. This appearance did not change over a period of two-and-a-half years. Previous cases of gray optic discs in neonates have b...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(89)90013-1
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Once we understand that an increase in the size of the optic disk cup is due to loss of optic nerve fibers combined with some physical tissue rearrangements, it is quite clear that cupping begins as soon as nerve loss begins. Methods to detect cupping are more sensitive to the earliest glaucoma damage than are present...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(85)90080-3
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 55-year-old woman presented with an eight-year history of progressive gait dysfunction and a 2-3 week history of horizontal diplopia. Examination of the patient revealed acute papilledema, intermittent esotropia, and upper and lower motor neuron findings in her lower extremities. CT scan of the head showed communica...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90176-7
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disorders of the orbit can secondarily involve the eye. Although nonspecific, changes which can be noted on funduscopic examination including abnormalities of the retina, choroid, and optic nerve, can be secondary to an underlying orbital process. Awareness of these findings and their association with orbital disease ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(95)80043-3
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endothelium influences local vascular tone by releasing endothelium-derived relaxing factors such as nitric oxide, prostacyclin and a putative hyperpolarizing factor. In isolated ophthalmic arteries and the perfused eye, all endothelial factors importantly contribute to vascular regulation. In larger ophthalmic ve...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90157-0
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Typical optic neuritis is an idiopathic demyelinating condition that is often associated with multiple sclerosis. This has been well characterized and has an excellent prognosis. Atypical optic neuritis can result from an inflammatory, infectious, or autoimmune disorder. Differentiating the two types of optic neuritis...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.06.001
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are a number of unresolved questions regarding small choroidal melanomas. At what stage in the natural history of these tumors do they develop the capacity to metastasize? What are the effects of various therapeutic modalities on the incidence of metastatic disease? Clinicopathologic studies suggest that patient...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(78)90133-9
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystic macular lesions frequently contribute to impaired visual acuity in hereditary retinal dystrophies. Their pathogenesis varies and is not entirely understood. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have proven to be potentially efficacious, although not in all cases. We discuss the various factors and mechanisms implicate...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.11.006
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 32-year-old woman experienced dizziness and headache for 5 months. She also complained of painless, progressive bilateral visual loss for several weeks. Before developing the initial symptoms, she had an uncomplicated pregnancy except for dizziness and systemic hypotension during the first term. Fundus examination d...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.03.001
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corneal lymphangiogenesis is the extension of lymphatic vessels into the normally alymphatic cornea, a process that compromises the cornea's immune-privileged state and facilitates herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). HSK results most commonly from infection by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and is characterized by immun...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.06.001
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optic disk imaging is integral to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with glaucoma. We discuss the various forms of imaging the optic nerve, including ophthalmoscopy, photography, and newer imaging modalities, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (HRT), and scanning...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.10.004
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamatergic excitotoxicity has been implicated as a mechanism for injury in a variety of central nervous system pathologies, including glaucoma. Memantine, an NMDA-type glutamatergic open-channel blocker, has pharmacologic properties that make its efficacy greater under excitotoxic conditions, but lesser under norma...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(01)00200-4
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
