Abstract：
:Leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease, but due to the absence of surveillance systems is under-reported from low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, the disease is found in the rural highlands and the incidence of Leishmania/HIV co-infection is increasing. Although some studies have been carried out in areas of the country with a similar disease/ecological profile this report is, to our knowledge, the first aimed at elucidating the clinical-epidemiological features of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. This study enrolled 167 patients presenting different forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis over an 18 month period, of which 5.6% tested HIV positive. Patients were initially treated with meglumine antimonate and resistant cases with pentamidine isethionate. There was a high rate of resistance to meglumine antimonate (28%) and a less than optimal response to prolonged systemic treatment in relapsed cases. Eight patients affected by severe and resistant forms were treated with pentamidine isethionate, with a cure rate of 87.5% after 6 months. Many atypical and severe presentations were seen, and a poor response to first-line antileishmanial drugs was observed. Resistance to antimonials is of concern and cost-effective therapeutic schemes need to be developed. The cost-effectiveness of pentamidine isethionate has to be determined in a larger population.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Padovese V,Terranova M,Toma L,Barnabas GA,Morrone Adoi
10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.02.023subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
707-11issue
7eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503pii
S0035-9203(09)00078-9journal_volume
103pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A clinical, serological, parasitological and therapeutic study of cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out in a low sub-andean area (250-800 metres) of the La Paz Department, Bolivia. A team of seismic prospectors (350 workers) was surveyed for 12 months. Of 200 suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, 185 were sero...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90014-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 33, 274 mosquitoes was collected from Tagudin, Ilocos Sur Province, Philippines during July 1977. Isolates made from one pool of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and one pool of C. vishnui were identified as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) by a micro-neutralization test using reference hyperimmune mouse ascitic fl...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(80)90083-8
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because background seroepidemiological data are required before nationwide vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is attempted, the rate of exposure to HBV was investigated in two high-risk Saudi groups: patients on haemodialysis and patients with congenital bleeding disorders. Although the HBsAg carrier rate was...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90668-8
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During 1997 a large dengue epidemic occurred in Rio Grande do Norte, a State in north-east Brazil. The co-circulation of dengue virus type 1 and dengue virus type 2 was demonstrated by virus isolation in Aedes albopictus clone C6/36 cell-line and by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). IgM capture...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90008-1
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Study of the effects of malaria chemoprophylaxis given during pregnancy on birthweight and investigation of the influence of birthweight on child survival suggest that, in a rural area of The Gambia, chemoprophylaxis given during pregnancy might reduce infant mortality by about one-fifth in the children of primigravid...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90078-q
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of a defined medium (STEIGER & STEIGER, 1976) has enabled studies on the nutritional requirements of promastigotes of L. donovani and L. braziliensis (STEIGER & STEIGER, 1977). As outlined elsewhere (STEIGER & MESHNICK, 1977), the present paper describes preliminary experiments dealing with the utiliz...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(77)90049-9
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schistosomiasis among pregnant women has been inadequately investigated. In order to determine the importance of Schistosoma mansoni in this subgroup, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 972 women in Tanzania and investigated the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni, hookworm and malaria and their associations with ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.06.024
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We sought to determine the prevalence of drug resistant TB among outpatients initiating TB treatment in Lilongwe, Malawi. METHODS:This was a prospective cohort study of patients 18 years and older initiating TB treatment at Martin Preuss Centre, the primary integrated HIV/TB clinic in Lilongwe, Malawi, from...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trv092
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:On return from duty in North Solomons Province (including Bougainville Island), Papua New Guinea, 586 Australian Defence Force personnel received either primaquine (14-d) or tafenoquine (3-d) post-exposure malaria prophylaxis. Within 12 months, 6 of the 214 volunteers receiving primaquine and 7 of 378 receiving tafeno...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90351-2
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microsporidiosis in AIDS patients has emerged as an important cause of morbidity, but diagnosis requires special stains, equipment and expertise. Here we describe a modification to an existing staining technique to allow more rapid preparation, without additional equipment, facilitating research in the tropics into th...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90093-8
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A longitudinal survey--parasitological, clinical, immunological and entomological--of onchocerciasis is being conducted in Gbaiima village in Sierra Leone. The estimated Annual Transmission Potential (ATP) is 5863. More than 80% of the annual transmission occurs between October and December. Four species of the Simuli...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(86)90389-5
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leishmania mexicana mexicana amastigote proteinase activity was largely inhibited by low concentrations of leupeptin, antipain and two epoxysuccinates, compounds known to affect cysteine proteinases. Of these inhibitors, only two had leishmanicidal activity. trans-Dicyclohexylepoxysuccinate at 10 microgram/ml inhibite...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(82)90236-x
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cold, acidified anthrone was used to test 200 wild-caught sandflies (Phlebotomus ariasi females) for the presence of fructose. This sugar, or others with a fructose moiety, were demonstrable in 157 (79%) of the flies; proportions of flies positive in different tests ranged from 44 to 91%. Higher proportions of flies g...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(80)90100-5
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activity of bacitracin in vitro against Giardia intestinalis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus was enhanced 5-10 times by equimolar concentrations of zinc. Bacitracin and bacitracin zinc activity was tolerant to either aerobic or anaerobic culture conditions and equally effective against T. vaginali...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90239-9
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From 1993 to 1996, an entomological survey was conducted in the village of Ndiop, Senegal, as part of a research programme on malaria epidemiology and the mechanisms of protective immunity. Mosquitoes were captured on human bait and by indoor spraying. Species from the Anopheles gambiae complex were identified using t...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90506-x
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The safety and tolerability of primaquine (PQ) administered as a short higher-dose (30mg twice daily for 7 days) regimen in 203 Australian Defence Force personnel was evaluated in an open-label presumptive anti-relapse therapy study. No clinically significant differences were measured in the subjects' haematological a...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.07.001
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Plasmodium vivax malaria has been recognised as an important cause of morbidity in several African countries. The prevalence was previously estimated as 2-5% in eastern Sudan. These estimates are observed to be rising and spreading continuously. The present study was undertaken to investigate the situation o...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz044
更新日期：2019-06-04 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Achromobacter xylosoxidans is described as being resistant to antiseptics and disinfectants. We studied in vitro the ability of five strains to survive and grow in such solutions, with and without starvation. METHODS:Bacterial suspensions in rich media and in distilled water were inoculated into eight antis...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz016
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus was evaluated in blood donors and antenatal clinic attenders in Kumasi, Ghana and seropositive subjects were tested for hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The overall seroprevalence among Ghanaians was 2.8% but there was a significantly hi...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90887-2
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immune reactions to the surface of microfilariae (mff) of Wuchereria bancrofti were investigated among persons living in an endemic filariasis area of Tanzania. The sera from a proportion of mff-negative persons contained antibodies to the microfilarial sheath, and a clear correlation was seen between presence of anti...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(85)90137-3
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Zimbabwe, HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) were determined in sera from 63 HCC patients using a second generation enzyme immunoassay. Anti-HCV was found in 15 patients (23.8%), 12 of whom (80%) were males. The mea...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90029-8
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteraemia associated with severe malaria in childhood is a sporadically reported phenomenon but its incidence and clinical importance are unknown. We have reviewed clinical and laboratory data from 783 Kenyan children sequentially admitted with a primary diagnosis of severe malaria. The overall incidence of bacterae...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90024-x
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The factors which identify patients at risk of treatment failure were characterized in 1590 children and adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with 15 or 25 mg/kg of mefloquine on the borders of Thailand. Six independent predictors of failure were identified using multiple logistic regression. Age < or ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(95)90435-2
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of haptoglobin polymorphisms on severe malaria occurrence was assessed in 1183 individuals from The Gambia. No significant association was found between severe malaria and either haptoglobin genotypes or phenotypes. The advantages of using a deoxyribonucleic acid-based haptoglobin typing method are discu...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90114-8
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The functioning of the government primary health care system as it affects infant health in the Baglung District of Nepal, is discussed. the Baglung District is a remote rural area of 232,000 population in the western Himalayan foothills, entirely based on subsistence farming, and without drivable roads. The governm...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90691-3
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Ghana, a population-based immunization coverage survey revealed missed opportunities at preventive and curative care visits among children 12-18 months old attending the local hospital in the eastern region of Ghana. Parent-held immunization cards do not have a place to record curative care visits. If pediatric p...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(95)90451-4
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cross-sectional entomological surveys were carried out during the 2006 dry and rainy seasons in Lagdo, Cameroon to measure the impact of rice cultivation on malaria transmission and to monitor vector susceptibility to insecticides. Adult anopheline mosquitoes were captured on human volunteers and by pyrethrum spray co...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.12.010
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral gnathostomiasis is a severe form of human infection caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum. We report sequential brain imaging in serologically proven cerebral gnathostomiasis. The clinical and radiographic correlation showed the probable route taken by the parasite during its migration through the central nervous ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.09.011
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cohort of 48 Gambian children was protected against malaria by fortnightly administration of Maloprim (pyrimethamine and dapsone) for 2 years between their 3 and 5 birthdays. A matched cohort of 47 children received placebo. During the year following the termination of prophylaxis there was no increase in the freque...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(88)90263-5
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-feto protein (alpha-FP) is now accepted as a very useful serum marker of hepatocarcinoma, and since its discovery in 1963, surveys have been carried out in various regions of the world, where hepatoma is particularly prevalent, which have shown that alpha-FP may be detected in 50 to 80% of patients with liver ca...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(75)90157-1
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
