Does atrazine affect larval development and sexual differentiation of South African clawed frogs?

Abstract:

:The potential impact of atrazine (ATZ) on gonadal malformations in larval Xenopus laevis has been controversially discussed, and a hypothesis has been generated that ATZ might induce the estrogen-synthesizing enzyme aromatase, leading to feminization or demasculinization. Recently, extensive long-term studies clearly indicate that no adverse effect of ATZ on larval development and sexual differentiation could be found. Therefore, to determine potential transient impacts of ATZ on sexual differentiation processes, short-term exposures were conducted using tadpoles treated for 4 days with ATZ at 25 microg/L. The expression levels of the key players for sexual differentiation in amphibians were determined in the brain, assessing aromatase, 5alpha-reductase type 1 (S1) and type 2 (S2), and the gonadotropins luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, and in the gonads, measuring aromatase, S1, and S2, by means of quantitative RT-PCR. No significant changes in any of these parameters have been found, implicating, in accordance with recent long-term exposures, that no aromatase induction by ATZ could be observed, and it seems likely that no further endocrine mechanism of ATZ affecting sexual differentiation in X. laevis exists.

journal_name

Ann N Y Acad Sci

authors

Kloas W,Lutz I,Urbatzka R,Springer T,Krueger H,Wolf J,Holden L,Hosmer A

doi

10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04456.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-04-01 00:00:00

pages

437-40

eissn

0077-8923

issn

1749-6632

pii

NYAS04456

journal_volume

1163

pub_type

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