Abstract:
RATIONALE:The recent discovery of meningeal lymphatics in mammals is reshaping our understanding of fluid homeostasis and cellular waste management in the brain, but visualization and experimental analysis of these vessels is challenging in mammals. Although the optical clarity and experimental advantages of zebrafish have made this an essential model organism for studying lymphatic development, the existence of meningeal lymphatics has not yet been reported in this species. OBJECTIVE:Examine the intracranial space of larval, juvenile, and adult zebrafish to determine whether and where intracranial lymphatic vessels are present. METHODS AND RESULTS:Using high-resolution optical imaging of the meninges in living animals, we show that zebrafish possess a meningeal lymphatic network comparable to that found in mammals. We confirm that this network is separate from the blood vascular network and that it drains interstitial fluid from the brain. We document the developmental origins and growth of these vessels into a distinct network separated from the external lymphatics. Finally, we show that these vessels contain immune cells and perform live imaging of immune cell trafficking and transmigration in meningeal lymphatics. CONCLUSIONS:This discovery establishes the zebrafish as a important new model for experimental analysis of meningeal lymphatic development and opens up new avenues for probing meningeal lymphatic function in health and disease.
journal_name
Circ Resjournal_title
Circulation researchauthors
Castranova D,Samasa B,Venero Galanternik M,Jung HM,Pham VN,Weinstein BMdoi
10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317372subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-08 00:00:00pages
42-58issue
1eissn
0009-7330issn
1524-4571journal_volume
128pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a widely distributed mitogen that mediates the growth-promoting effects of platelet-derived growth factor in mesenchymal cells. We show that rat aortic IGF-I messenger RNA (mRNA) is induced 24 hours after deendothelialization, at a time when smooth muscle cell proliferation with...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2004-05-28 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
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