Abstract：
BACKGROUND/AIM:This study aimed to investigate the bolus practice among Italian radiation oncologists. PATIENTS AND METHODS:In 2018, a survey on bolus application was sent to all members of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology. RESULTS:The survey was joined by 102 radiation oncologists. Not all respondents answered to every question. A 69.5% of 82 respondents used bolus in case of skin infiltration and 52 of 68 respondents (76.5%) applied it every day. Skin was included as part of chest wall Clinical Target Volume both in the absence or the presence of breast reconstruction. Five mm bolus was the most used. 3D Conformal radiotherapy was the most used technique, in 73.5% of cases. Acute RTOG G2-G3 skin toxicity was recorded by 93.9% physicians. CONCLUSION:There was heterogeneity in the use of bolus, though an agreement was found in some topics. The achievement of a National Consensus may represent an interesting future goal.
journal_name
Anticancer Resjournal_title
Anticancer researchauthors
Nuzzo M,Ursini LA,Patani F,Rosa C,Trignani M,DI Tommaso M,Meattini I,Gregucci F,Ciabattoni A,Genovesi D,Caravatta Ldoi
10.21873/anticanres.14673subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-01 00:00:00pages
6505-6511issue
11eissn
0250-7005issn
1791-7530pii
40/11/6505journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND/AIM:The objective of this study was to determine the molecular and clinicopathological features, as well as the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer (EC) having prior malignancy (second primary EC: SPEC) compared with those without a history of prior malignancy (first primary EC: FPEC). MATERIALS A...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.21873/anticanres.14370
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects induced by a low dose cyclophosphamide treatment (CPA) along with an attempt of estradiol-17-beta (E2) cell recruitment, on the bioenergetics and the phosphomonoesters/phosphodiesters (PME/PDE) ratio in the transplantable MXT mouse mammary tumor have been studied by 31P-NMR spectroscopy in vivo. Our result...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP) on tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP) expression were studied in the human hepatoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 with relation to the invasive activity of the cells. Messenger RNA expression levels of metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and 9, and TIMP-1, 2 and 3 in the cells were det...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The overexpression of syndecan-1 in breast carcinomas correlates with poorer prognosis and an aggressive phenotype. The effect of syndecan-1 expression on tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was determined in locally advanced breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Semi-quantitative syndecan-1 immunohist...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in lung cancer appears to be important in immunotherapy, as its expression can predict responses to programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)-blocking antibodies. However, a definitive antibody and cut-off value for PD-L1 expression are urgently needed. MATERIALS AND M...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To investigate the differences between two rat yolk sac tumor cell lines with different radiosensitivities and p53 status in sensitivity to high-LET heavy-ion beam and in sensitizing effect of etoposide or cisplatin in combination with heavy-ion beam. MATERIALS AND METHODS:NMT-1 (wild-type p53 cell) is a pa...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer patients suffer from cancer-induced bone pain, hypercalcemia, and reduced quality of life caused by pathological fractures. Many of these complications related to cancer can be treated, or at least controlled, using new anticancer agents. Recently, two agents used initially to treat osteoporosis demonstrated di...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The widespread use of endoscopy and imaging in combination with the continuous update of the staging systems for neuroendocrine tumors has led to an increase in the incidence of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (si-NENs) globally. Despite high survival rates, severe complications may occur even in early stages d...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.21873/anticanres.12349
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/AIM:Vimentin expression in epithelial cells is reported to be associated with the malignant phenotype of cancer cells in vitro. However, the clinical significance of vimentin expression in carcinomas is not well understood. The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of vimentin-positive gastric ca...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methods for improving the estrogen receptor (ER) and progestin receptor (PgR) assay were studied. Using DCC procedure as the basis, the extraction and incubation of ER and PgR is more efficiently achieved by phosphate buffer as compared with water, tris and veronal buffers. The multiple extractions of hormone receptor...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have addressed the prevalence and prognostic impact of thrombocytosis in various gynecologic and non-gynecologic malignancies. Thrombocytosis appears to be of prognostic value in certain patients with gynecologic malignancies. In this survey we review the published data and attempt to analyze the progno...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression is reportedly frequently reduced in cancer. We examined heat-shock protein (HSP) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS:HCV-related HCC was examined in 73 patients who had undergone hepatectomy, and the relationship between HSP70 a...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.21873/anticanres.13739
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Mistletoe lectins (ML), the major biologically active components of mistletoe extracts, which are used for adjuvant cancer therapy, induce apoptosis in lymphocytes and tumor cells. In addition, ML at toxic concentrations induce the release of cytokines, but it remains unclear as to whether dying or activated...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine-rich protein (PINCH) was found to be up-regulated in the stroma of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) in our previous studies and was involved in angiogenesis through activation of fibroblasts in extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to tumors. Here, we examined PIN...
journal_title：Anticancer research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
