[Nutritional Study in Spanish Pediatric Population (EsNuPI)].

Abstract:

Introduction:Introduction: promoting healthy lifestyles already from the pediatric age for prevention of diseases at a short, mid and long-term is compulsory worldwide. Objectives: to know eating patterns and dietary habits, physical activity and sedentary behaviours in urban Spanish children aged one to nine years old, no vegan, by evaluating the differences between standard milk consumers (RS) and milk formula (AMS). Methods: prospective, observational, cross-sectional study with 1,514 children. A food frequency questionnaire, a physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaire, and two 24-hour dietary recalls (one face-to-face and one by phone) were used. Results: the daily energy intake was significantly higher in the RS group (1,503 Kcal vs 1,404 Kcal). The contribution of protein and fat to the total caloric value of the diet is high, being for the first one significantly higher in RS (16.5 % vs 15.6 %). However, for carbohydrate is low and significantly higher in AMS (46.7 % vs 45.5 %). The contribution of the food groups to the energy intake present significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: Spanish children between 1-9 years old have an adequate, but slightly elevated energy intake than the recommendations. There is a high contribution of protein and fat, and low of carbohydrate to the total caloric value. AMS children have a higher adherence to dietary guidelines and nutritional recommendations and, therefore, a suggested higher diet quality. Introducción:Introducción: es necesaria la promoción de estilos de vida saludables desde la edad pediátrica para la prevención de enfermedades a corto, medio y largo plazo. Objetivos: conocer los patrones de alimentación y hábitos dietéticos, actividad física e inactividad en niños de uno a nueve años españoles urbanos, no veganos, así como sus diferencias entre los consumidores de leche estándar (RS) y de fórmulas adaptadas, enriquecidas o suplementadas (AMS). Métodos: estudio prospectivo, observacional, transversal en 1.514 niños. Se analizan mediante cuestionario la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, la actividad física, la inactividad y la ingesta dietética mediante dos registros de 24 horas, el primero presencial y el segundo telefónico. Resultados: entre los resultados ya obtenidos, la ingesta energética diaria fue significativamente superior en el grupo RS (1.503 Kcal vs. 1.404 Kcal). El aporte de proteínas y grasas en relación al valor calórico total de la dieta es elevado, siendo en el caso de las primeras significativamente mayor en RS (16,5 % vs. 15,6 %). Sin embargo, el de hidratos de carbono es bajo y significativamente mayor en AMS (46,7 % vs. 45,5 %). La contribución de los grupos de alimentos al aporte energético presenta diferencias significativas entre los grupos. Conclusiones: los niños españoles de uno a nueve años tienen una ingesta energética adecuada, aunque ligeramente superior a las recomendaciones. Hay una alta contribución de las proteínas y las grasas y una baja contribución de los hidratos de carbono al valor calórico total. Los niños AMS tienen una mayor adherencia a las guías alimentarias y recomendaciones nutricionales y, por tanto, potencialmente una mejor calidad de la dieta.

journal_name

Nutr Hosp

journal_title

Nutricion hospitalaria

authors

Leis Trabazo R,Moreno Villares JM,Varela-Moreiras G,Gil Hernández Á

doi

10.20960/nh.03348

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2021-01-13 00:00:00

pages

3-7

issue

Spec No2

eissn

0212-1611

issn

1699-5198

journal_volume

37

pub_type

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