Abstract:
:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia among elder people, which is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that results from a chronic loss of cognitive activities. It has been observed that AD is multifactorial, hence diverse pharmacological targets that could be followed for the treatment of AD. The Food and Drug Administration has approved two types of medications for AD treatment such as cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonists. Rivastigmine, donepezil, and galantamine are the ChEIs that have been approved to treat AD. On the other hand, memantine is the only non-competitive NMDAR antagonist approved in AD treatment. As compared with placebo, it has been revealed through clinical studies that many single-target therapies are unsuccessful to treat multifactorial Alzheimer's symptoms or disease progression. Therefore, due to the complex nature of AD pathophysiology, diverse pharmacological targets can be hunted. In this article, based on the entwined link of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and NMDAR, we represent several multifunctional compounds in the rational design of new potential AD medications. This review focus on the significance of privileged scaffolds in the generation of the multi-target lead compound for treating AD, investigating the idea and challenges of multi-target drug design. Furthermore, the most auspicious elementary units for designing as well as synthesizing hybrid drugs are demonstrated as pharmacological probes in the rational design of new potential AD therapeutics.
journal_name
Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Molecular neurobiologyauthors
Uddin MS,Al Mamun A,Kabir MT,Ashraf GM,Bin-Jumah MN,Abdel-Daim MMdoi
10.1007/s12035-020-02116-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-01 00:00:00pages
281-303issue
1eissn
0893-7648issn
1559-1182pii
10.1007/s12035-020-02116-9journal_volume
58pub_type
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