Abstract：
:Given time, the brain can tolerate extraordinarily severe hyponatremia, but it does not take well to sudden changes; both rapid onset and rapid correction of hyponatremia can be injurious. Emergency treatment of hyponatremia should be reserved for the patient who has not had time to fully adapt to the disturbance. When the clinical situation demands it, treatment can be safely initiated by infusing 3% saline at 1 to 2 mL/kg/hour for 2 to 3 hours. Once the emergency has passed, more conservative measures can be substituted so that the overall rate of correction does not exceed 12 mEq/L/day. Limiting therapy in this manner avoids the osmotic demyelination syndrome, a complication of overly rapid correction of hyponatremia.
journal_name
Crit Care Clinjournal_title
Critical care clinicsauthors
Sterns RHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
127-42issue
1eissn
0749-0704issn
1557-8232journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Despite great improvement in patient and graft survival, the long-term morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients are still significant. Cardiovascular disease accounts for much of the mortality in long-term survivors; screening before the transplant procedure and adequate control of hypertension should he...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As health care expenditures increase, payers, including the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, are moving away from reimbursement based on types and volume of services to an emphasis on quality of provided care, an approach called value-based purchasing (VBP). Because it is tied to reimbursement, VBP creates ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.10.002
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Positive-pressure ventilation may improve gas exchange, decrease the work-cost of breathing, and rest respiratory muscles, but it also will alter cardiac output and may modify blood flow distribution. Ventilation may induce these hemodynamic changes by altering systemic venous return to the RV (RV preload), pulmonary ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The future of cardiopulmonary resuscitation lies in new technologies for monitoring and generating vital organ perfusion during cardiac arrest and the post-resuscitation phase and in pharmacologic agents that will enhance ROSC and reverse ischemia-reperfusion injury. ROSC is the first step toward survival, so interven...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70139-1
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the geriatric population in the United States increases and better management of chronic diseases improves survival, more elderly will become critically ill and potentially require treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU). Dan Callahan has written, "... we will live longer lives, be better sustained by medical car...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00056-3
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent increase in both the elderly population and associated incidence of dementia are of critical importance to patient care in ICUs in the United States. Identification of pre-existing cognitive impairment, such as mild cognitive impairment and dementia, could prevent delirium and associated morbidity and mortality...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2008.05.006
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States,and thus its clinical and economic implications are enormous. In an increasingly cost-conscious economic environment, it is important to understand not only the effectiveness of treatments and technologies but also their cost-effectiveness. The ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2011.10.007
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute respiratory failure is common in critically ill children, who are at increased risk of respiratory embarrassment because of the developmental variations in the respiratory system. Although multiple etiologies exist, pneumonia and bronchiolitis are most common. Respiratory system monitoring has evolved, with the ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.12.004
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The optimal management of arterial blood pressure in the setting of acute stroke has not been firmly defined. The different types of stroke--ischemic, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage--have different pathophysiologies and require different approaches in terms of blood pressure management in the ac...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2006.08.002
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Invasive fungal infections (IFI) and fungal sepsis in the intensive care unit are increasing and are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. In this setting, IFI are predominantly caused by Candida species. Outcomes continue to be suboptimal; however, there are a few key clinician modifiable factors. PK-...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2010.11.001
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Providing effective critical care to vascular surgical patients is challenging to the intensivist. These patients often have multiple significant concurrent diseases that need to be adequately managed. A selective policy for identifying patients that need ICU is recommended. Early and smooth restoration to their preop...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(02)00056-8
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Approximately 12,000 Americans suffer traumatic spinal cord injuries each year. This article discusses the management of their neurologic, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastroenterologic, and genitourinary complications in the critical care setting. ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethically charged situations are common in pediatric critical care. Most situations can be managed with minimal controversy within the medical team or between the team and patients/families. Familiarity with institutional resources, such as hospital ethics committees, and national guidelines, such as publications from...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2012.12.002
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews two important innovations in echocardiography resulting from the recent advances in the capabilities of microprocessors. The first, automatic endocardial border detection, has been implemented on computers contained entirely within echocardiograph machines and is gaining wide clinical use. The sec...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70256-6
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiogenic shock remains a leading cause of mortality despite advances in the treatment of myocardial infarction and advanced heart failure. Medical therapy can be inadequate, and patients may need mechanical circulatory support (MCS). The proper application of MCS requires knowledge of the underlying cause of acute ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2014.04.002
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Providing nutritional support has become a standard component of managing critically ill patients. While many studies have documented that providing nutritional support can change nutritional outcomes (e.g., amino acid profile, weight gain, nitrogen balance), data are lacking that demonstrate that nutrition actually i...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70009-9
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is important that educators in the intensive care unit (ICU) provide physicians in training with the guidance and experience requisite in developing foundational skills in value-based medical practice. This article discusses the underlying philosophy of ethically based medical decision making and describes the comp...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70215-3
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caring for the new quadriplegic is an immense undertaking involving multiple health care professionals who must function as a team. The physician in charge must understand rehabilitation principles and be able to communicate with all members of the team caring for the patient. Rehabilitation principles, if considered ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Venous thromboembolic disease is a very common complication in the ICU. This article reviews incidence, prevention, and therapy related to venous thromboembolism, including both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Special diagnostic and treatment considerations in the ICU setting are highlighted. The increa...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2005.05.004
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Access to critical care is rapidly growing in areas of the world where it was previously nonexistent and where infectious diseases often comprise the largest disease burden. Additionally, with crowding, mass migrations, and air travel, infectious diseases previously geographically confined are quickly spread across th...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2013.03.005
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is common and frequently unrecognized since the signs and symptoms are relatively nonspecific. CO poisoning causes tissue hypoxia. Additionally, various animal studies have demonstrated that CO interferes with myoglobin, P450, and other enzyme function; causes lipid peroxidation through ...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70056-7
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the inception of allogeneic blood transfusion, the search for an alternative to the use of stored packed red blood cells has been underway. Over the last 10 years, modified hemoglobin solutions in the form of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) have made significant strides toward becoming clinically availa...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2008.12.009
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides a background so that the intensivist can appreciate the social and cultural context in which the AIDS epidemic developed. The upheaval that AIDS has caused in the gay community is described along with some of the economic effects AIDS has had on that population and on the practice of medicine, bo...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluid creep is the term applied to a burn resuscitation, which requires more fluid than predicted by standard formulas. Fluid creep is common today and is linked to several serious edema-related complications. Increased fluid requirements may accompany the appropriate resuscitation of massive injuries but dangerous fl...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2016.06.007
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, advances in critical care and mechanical ventilation have resulted in an increased salvage of critically ill patients, a number of whom require long-term ventilation as a means of life support. In addition, the total number of patients receiving long-term ventilation has increased dramatically over the pas...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Summarizing the mission of the ICU, the institution directive board and the unit director must generate a structure, proceedings criteria, management, and analysis of results capable of providing satisfactory care. Furthermore, they must take into account each organizational aspect that is necessary to offer an approp...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2006.04.002
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection and/or sepsis biomarkers should help to make the diagnosis and thus initiate therapy earlier, help to differentiate between infectious and sterile inflammation, allow the use of more-specific antimicrobials, shorten the time of antimicrobial use, and ideally identify distinct phenotypes that may benefit from...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2011.01.002
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arterial catheterization is used frequently in the management of critically ill patients, both for continuous blood pressure monitoring and access to the arterial circulation to obtain frequent blood gas measurements. The procedure is usually easily accomplished at the bedside using percutaneous methods such as the Se...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dyspnea is a subjective experience that can be reported by the patient. Respiratory distress is an observable corollary, and represents the physical or emotional suffering that results from the experience of dyspnea. Recognizing and understanding this subjective phenomenon poses a challenge to intensive care unit (ICU...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccc.2004.03.015
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The years that have passed since the introduction of the pulmonary artery catheter have been marked by radical changes in the practice of general and critical care medicine. There has been an increase in the application of physiologic principles to the management of shock states, myocardial infarction, and respiratory...
journal_title：Critical care clinics
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70278-5
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
