Abstract:
:Carcinogenic chromium (VI) compounds are persistent environmental contaminants with potential for human exposure through drinking water. One lesion associated with chromium (VI) exposure is the formation of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC). In an attempt to develop markers of chromium exposure, the formation of DPC in lymphocytes was investigated. Fisher 344 rats were exposed to K2CrO4 in their drinking water for 3 and 6 weeks at concentrations of 100 and 200 ppm chromium. No DPC could be detected in isolated splenic lymphocytes using the alkaline elution technique or by using a polyclonal antibody to chromate-induced DPC. However, increased complexing of proteins with DNA was demonstrated in liver following 3 weeks of exposure at both 100 and 200 ppm chromium. Intraperitoneal administration of potassium chromate did not induce detectable DPC in lymphocytes; however, an increased association of proteins with isolated DNA was detected in the liver. DPC were also induced in isolated splenic lymphocytes following a 2-hr exposure in vitro to 100 microM K2CrO4 in a salts-glucose medium. Although chromium was detected in blood, liver, and kidney, blood levels were comparatively much lower. A comparison of chromium levels required to induce DPC in lymphocytes in vitro and the amount absorbed orally suggests that the white blood cell chromium levels following oral exposure may be too low to induce measurable DNA-protein crosslinks in lymphocytes.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Coogan TP,Motz J,Snyder CA,Squibb KS,Costa Mdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(91)90191-gsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-06-01 00:00:00pages
60-72issue
1eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333journal_volume
109pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Diabetes is known to potentiate thioacetamide (TA)-induced liver injury via enhanced bioactivation. Little attention has been given to the role of compensatory tissue repair on ultimate outcome of hepatic injury in diabetes. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of diabetes on TA-induced liver inju...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.2000.8952
更新日期:2000-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Primary mixed cultures of Sertoli and germ cells were prepared from testes of immature rats and their response to the known testicular toxicants ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGM) and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGE) was studied. Neither EGM nor EGE produced any morphological evidence of toxicity when added t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(85)90146-2
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. FXR deficiency in mice results in cholestasis, metabolic disorders, and tumorigenesis in liver and intestine. FXR is known to contribute to pathogenesis by regulating gene transcription; however,...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.012
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The biochemical mechanism involved in cadmium-induced cellular injury remains to be elucidated. Various theories have been proposed to account for this action, one of which is an interaction with reduced sulfhydryl (SH) groups of membranes. The ability of a known SH group reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), to inter...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(86)90197-3
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary objective of this study was to determine and characterize surrogate biomarkers that can predict nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) using urinary proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectral data. A procedure for (1)H NMR urinalysis using pattern recognition was proposed to evaluate ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2010.08.017
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::For highly water soluble and reactive gases, such as formaldehyde, the reported distribution of nasal lesions in rats and rhesus monkeys following inhalation exposure may be attributable, at least in part, to regional gas uptake patterns that are a consequence of nasal airflow characteristics. Inspiratory nasal airflo...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0041-008x(05)80005-5
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of brain tissue preparation to generate superoxide from xenobiotic interactions has been investigated. We showed that a significant superoxide production occurred with different molecules known to undergo a single electron reductive pathway of metabolism, both in a homogenate derived from neuronal and glia...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(91)90294-o
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::4-Chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline is a quinoxaline derivative. We aimed to study the effects of 4-chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline on activation of mast cells in vitro and in mice. 4-Chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline reversibly inhibited degranulation of mast cells in a dose-dependent manner, and also suppressed th...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.009
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male reproductive health has received considerable attention in recent years. In addition to declining sperm quality, fertility problems and increased incidence of testicular cancer, there is accumulating evidence that genetic damage, in the form of unrepaired DNA lesions or de novo mutations, may be transmitted via s...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.01.060
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium channel blockers and macrolide antibiotics account for many drug interactions. Anecdotal reports suggest interactions between the two resulting in severe side effects. We studied the interaction between verapamil and erythromycin in the rat to see whether it occurs at the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamic le...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.11.012
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the effect of thuringiensin on the lungs tissues, male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated with thuringiensin by intratracheal instillation at doses 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. The rats were sacrificed 4 h after treatment, and lungs were isolated and examined. Subsequently, an...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.05.013
更新日期:2006-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Daily subcutaneous administration of 20 or 100 mg/kg gentamicin for 4 days significantly decreased pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and lysosomal specific phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C (PI-PLC) in newborn rat kidney. The fall in PI-PLC was associated with an elevation in renal phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, an...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(89)90111-7
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Field potential duration (FPD) in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs), which can express QT interval in an electrocardiogram, is reported to be a useful tool to predict K(+) channel and Ca(2+) channel blocker effects on QT interval. However, there is no report showing that this techni...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.04.007
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of toxicovigilance encompasses the active detection, validation and follow-up of clinical adverse events related to toxic exposures in human beings. Poison centers are key players in this function as poisoning statistics are essential to define the cause, incidence and severity of poisonings occurring in t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.019
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To provide insights into the mode of action for Ni3S2 lung carcinogenicity by examining gene expression changes in target cells after inhalation exposure. METHODS:Gene expression changes were determined in micro-dissected lung broncho-alveolar cells from Fischer 344 rats following inhalation of Ni3S2 at 0.0,...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.06.007
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Geogenic dust from arid environments is a possible inhalation hazard for humans, especially when using off-road vehicles that generate significant dust. This study focused on immunotoxicological and neurotoxicological effects following subacute exposure to geogenic dust generated from sediments in the Nellis Dunes Rec...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.017
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous studies in mice revealed that two weeks short-term toxicity of sodium selenosulfate was significantly lower than that of sodium selenite, but selenium repletion efficacy of both compounds was equivalent. In addition, we showed that sodium selenosulfate reduced nephrotoxicity of cisplatin (CDDP) without co...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.11.020
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of mucosal metallothionein (MT) preinduced by zinc (Zn) on tissue distribution of cadmium (Cd) after administration of Cd with several chelating agents was studied in rats. After Cd-cysteine (Cd-Cys) was incubated with intestinal Zn-MT in vitro, all the Cd dissociated from Cys and exchanged the Zn bound to ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(92)90129-g
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beryllium (Be+2), a divalent metal ion, is toxic to both man and animal. Although the molecular basis for its toxicity is unknown, it is well established that micromolar concentrations of beryllium specifically inhibit certain enzymes. Previous in vitro studies have shown that the presence of ferritin, an iron-storage...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(86)90211-5
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anticancer drug ellipticine exerts its genotoxic effects after metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. The present study has examined the role of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) and cytochrome b5 (Cyb5), electron donors to P450 enzymes, in the CYP-mediated metabolism and disposition of elliptic...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2019.01.020
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is a widely studied Sertoli cell toxicant. Here we describe alterations in Sertoli cell vimentin filament distribution and the incidence of testicular germ cell apoptosis in young (28-day-old) Fischer rats that were treated with MEHP (2 microgram/kg, po) and killed 0, 3, 6, or 12 h...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1996.0055
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acrolein is a highly toxic, volatile, unsaturated aldehyde generated during incomplete combustion as in tobacco smoke and indoor fires. Because the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel mediates tobacco smoke-induced lung injury, we assessed its role in high-level acrolein-induced toxicity in mice. Ac...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.028
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-dependent changes related to liver injury and regeneration were studied in rats aged 2, 12, and 30 months in a time period of 96 hr following a sublethal dose of thioacetamide (6.6 mmoles/kg body wt). Serum aspartate aminotransferase activity increased earlier in young rats, but the severity of injury was higher i...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1998.8541
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Traffic related particulate matter air pollution is a risk factor for cardiovascular events; however, the biological mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesize that diesel exhaust (DE) inhalation induces up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is known to contribute to vascular dysfunction...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.013
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution and exact cellular localization of mercury in the brain and upper cervical spinal cord of the adult male Wistar rat has been determined using the autometallographic silver-enhancement technique. A detailed atlas of mercury-containing nuclei following oral administration of HgCl2 (20 mg x liter-1 or CH...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(91)90092-s
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiazacridine derivatives (ATZD) are a novel class of cytotoxic agents that combine an acridine and thiazolidine nucleus. In this study, the cytotoxic action of four ATZD were tested in human colon carcinoma HCT-8 cells: (5Z)-5-acridin-9-ylmethylene-3-(4-methylbenzyl)-thiazolidine-2,4-dione - AC-4; (5ZE)-5-acridin-9-y...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2013.01.010
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays crucial roles in central cardiovascular regulation. Increasing evidence in humans and rodents shows that vitamin D intake is important for achieving optimal cardiovascular function. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether calcitriol, an active form of v...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.114950
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apocynin (acetovanillone) is often used as a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. In N11 glial cells, apocynin induced, in a dose-dependent way, a significant increase of both malonyldialdehyde level (index of lipid peroxidation) and lactate dehydrogenase release (index of a cytotoxic effect). Apocynin evoked also, in...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.07.011
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To characterize modes of action of substances and their cytotoxic effects Bionas GmbH has developed a new screening system to allow the continuous recording of how an active substance can act (Bionas 2500 analyzing system). In the pharmaceutical industry it is important to acquire as much information as possible about...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.12.027
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juglone is a phenolic compound used in popular medicine as a phytotherapic to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. However, it also acts as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in isolated liver mitochondria and, thus, may interfere with the hepatic energy metabolism. The purpose of this work was to evalua...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.004
更新日期:2011-12-15 00:00:00