Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In the last years, new findings from the research on pain diseases and the enhancement of therapeutic options have drastically changed the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). This disease, belonging to the neuropathic pain syndromes, needs an adequate pain therapy at an early stage to prevent pain chronicity. DEFINITION AND CLINICAL ATTRIBUTES OF PHN:In 20 % of all cases of herpes zoster, the innervation territory of the trigeminal nerve is affected. A PHN exists by definition in the case of persisting pain in the zoster-affected area 6 months after healing of the zoster eruptions. The incidence of PHN depends on the patient's age: 50 - 75 % of patients in the seventh decade develop PHN after an infection with herpes zoster. The clinical appearance of PHN is characteristic. Three different pain types can be distinguished: 1. spontaneous, constant, burning pain, 2. intermittent sharp, lancinating pain and 3. pain in response to a normally non-painful stimulus (mechanical allodynia). Other phenomena which can be observed are hyp- or anaesthesia, hypalgesia and par- or dysaesthesia. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN:In the last few years, pathomechanisms of individual pain symptoms occurring in PHN have been identified. These include peripheral and central sensitisation as well as spontaneous activity of damaged afferent nociceptive fibres as the consequence of changes in channels on the neuron's membrane. TREATMENT OF PHN:A basic rule in the treatment of neuropathic pain syndromes is that the medication should be taken for at least 2 - 4 weeks before making a final evaluation. Systematic reviews of data from clinical trials of drug therapy for PHN have given distinct indications for antidepressants, antiepileptics, opioid analgesics and topically acting agents. Tricyclic antidepressants act on CNS pain-modulating descending pathways. The antiepileptics gabapentin and pregabalin act on calcium channels on presynaptic terminals of afferent nociceptive neurons in the central nervous system. Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine may be helpful for some patients, but there is still a lack of controlled trials demonstrating efficacy in the treatment of PHN. Oral oxycodone and tramadol are verifiable effective drugs in PHN. Topically acting agents with verifiable efficacy in PHN are capsaicin and lidocaine, both available in the form of patches for local use.
journal_name
Klin Monbl Augenheilkdjournal_title
Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkundeauthors
Mahn F,Baron Rdoi
10.1055/s-0029-1245273subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
379-83issue
5eissn
0023-2165issn
1439-3999journal_volume
227pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Advanced cataract with hard lens nuclei frequently challenge the ophthalmologic surgeon when doing phacoemulsification. In the present study, we examined the effect of a new phaco tip design during cataract surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS:100 patients were assigned to two groups. In group 1 (50 patients), the...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0043-106298
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study was undertaken in order to histologically characterize surgically-excised choroidal neovascular membranes and to correlate theses histologic findings with the fundus and fluorescein angiographic appearance. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Surgically-excised subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes submitted i...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1035142
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between August 1982 and August 1984 3059 intraocular operations were performed with topical prophylactic antibiotics. Results of conjunctival cultures did not influence the surgical schedule. 8179 intraocular operations were performed between September 1984 and August 1988. An intraocular operation was postponed until...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1045734
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In general the combined cataract/glaucoma operation is a good procedure for treating cataract and glaucoma simultaneously. The operation was performed in 157 eyes between 1976 and 1980. The mean IOP remained constant after surgery for a follow-up period of over three years on average. The review covered 136 eyes, of w...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1055119
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the learning risk of a new surgical technique, the deep sclerectomy (DS), which may be complicated with a perforation of the trabeculodescemetic membrane. To do so, we compared the results and the complications of patients who underwent DS transformed in trabeculectomy (DSt) and those of patients who...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1035050
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::27 children with severe brain injuries were examined by an ophthalmologist and had several paediatric examinations during an eight or ten weeks' course of rehabilitation. With highly reduced levels of consciousness they had hardly any cortical visual function but frequently had brainstem controlled reactions of eyelid...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1045861
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 64 eyes the combined procedure (group I) and in 67 aphacic eyes a trabeculotomy (group II) was performed. There were different types of glaucoma. Re-examinations wer done 6 months and 1--10 years postoperatively. No definite differences of operative or postoperative complications existed between the two groups. In ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the rotational stability and the refractive outcome of two different toric IOLs. Methods This study included 41 eyes with corneal astigmatism greater than 1.5 diopters (D). All patients underwent surgery in the Department of Ophthalmology at Hietzing Hospi...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0043-100656
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress at the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is involved in the pathophysiology of age-related macula degeneration (ARMD). Observations on a clinical or laboratory level have revealed that supplementation of antioxidative scavengers failed in many cases. A potential therapeutic target is the cellular signa...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1027600
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Novel microscope-integrated OCT now allows targeted intraoperative high-resolution real-time imaging. In comparison to conventional surgical microscopes, intraoperative real-time OCT visualisation of retinal layers and vitreous body provides valuable information for surgical decision-making. In addition, simultaneous ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1193-9045
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A flexible silicone-rubber suturamide retention tube, the procedure of intubation and special instruments for the repair of persistent congenital nasolacrimal duct obstructions are described. The results of the treatment of 8 infants are discussed. With the exception of one functional failure, the very good results ar...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1054617
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The course of the recovery phase after general anaesthesia, during which consciousness and pain gradually return, is essentially determined by the choice of anaesthetic drug, and its total dose or duration of application. This phase is often complicated by more or less severe agitation, especially in child...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/a-1260-3023
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article the authors review present knowledge concerning the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). The function of cells such as macrophages, fibroblasts, retinal pigment epithelial cells, and glial cells, as well as their interaction with constituents of the extracellular matrix such as fibron...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1046292
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital, bilaterally symmetrical dislocation of the lens within the posterior chamber is referred to as lens ectopia. The behavior of the anterior hyaloid membrane in congenital lens ectopia has not been considered hitherto. The anterior hyaloid membrane in the aphakic area of the pupil is intact or ruptured and th...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1050519
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descemetʼs membrane detachment (DMD) is a rare complication following cataract and glaucoma surgery as well as lamellar graft procedures. DMD can lead to blurry vision, halos and severe visual loss. Clinically, when there is a large central detachment, a double anterior chamber is seen to form. In this scenario, surgi...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1328333
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Report on a rare case of an iris-ringmelanoma. Arising from the iris base the primary tumor spread in a continuous line along the anterior chamber angle and a shedding of tumor cells in other places of the iris surface could be stated as well. A unilateral dark spotted colouring of the iris with a secondary glaucoma w...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of examinations of 60 outpatients with suspected glaucoma show that the qualitative program with fast screening of the 30-degree field enables a prompt decision to be made as to whether the visual fields of such patients are normal or pathologic. ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1057382
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A very rare combination of congenital malformations of the eyelids and eyes in a 6-month-old boy is reported. The main symptoms are a bilateral microblepharon associated with ectropion and bilateral aphakic microphthalmus. The pathogenesis of these changes is discussed. ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1057334
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of 57 cases with retrocorneal membrane following penetrating keratoplasty are reported and discussed with regard to their clinical and histopathological pictures and pathogenesis. ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heavier than water tamponades offer the possibility to support the inferior part of the fundus after retinal detachment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomic and functional outcome of complicated retinal detachment treated with vitreous surgery and heavy silicone oil (HSO) tamponade. Surgery wa...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1109685
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 163 patients suffering from central serous chorioretinopathy, 40 who had been treated by light coagulation and 40 who had been treated conservatively were selected at random. They were examined at intervals averaging 5.7 and 4.6 years respectively after the initial treatment. Central visual acuity, central visual f...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1054851
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background To evaluate the technique of inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flaps for the management of large macular holes and autologous ILM free flaps for non-closing macular holes. Patients and methods All macular holes were treated with pars plana vitrectomy and dual blue assisted ILM flap technique. The in...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-119694
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report on 120 patients who underwent iridencleisis (155 eyes). Of these, 36 had open-angle glaucoma, 26 congestive glaucoma and 54 were suffering from acute glaucoma of long standing. Two patients had exfoliation syndrome and two, secondary glaucoma. The kind of filtration bleb, postoperative complications...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1054765
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical and morphological studies were undertaken to characterize a case of congenital glaucoma combined with an ocular-dental-digital dysplasia in a two year old patient. Light and electromicroscopic investigations of a surgically removed trabecular specimen were carried out. A trabeculotomy had been performed at th...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new convex-concave contact lens for wide-angle vitreoretinal surgery with the BIOM was developed. Placed on an eye, in which silicone oil is injected, it prevents the formation of an optically disturbing oil-water-film on the surface of the cornea. Thus the new contact lens leads to an essential improvement of the f...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1045932
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report a rare observation of leopard spot-like and reticular pigmentary patterns in a patient with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). Characteristic fundus changes associated with PXE have been described as angioid streaks, subretinal neovascularization membranes, peau d'orange, focal retinal pigment epitheli...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1046124
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this contribution the authors present the results of treatment by pars plana vitrectomy in a consecutive series of 200 patients with proliferative retinopathy. Anatomical success was achieved in 82% of the cases of simple vitreous hemorrhages, in 63% and 67% respectively of the cases of traction detachment with or ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1050630
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A report about a case of loa-loa filariasis whereby after removal of a female worm out of the subconjunctival space no microfilariae but a schisslike edema of the attacked eye's retina was found. In this connection the author gave some observations on the particularies of loa-loa filariasis. ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chronic hepatitis C-therapy is limited to the combined use of PEG-ylated interferons and ribavirin. Side effects of this therapy include retinal changes that manifest with bleeding, cotton wool spots and/or thrombosis. PATIENT:A 51-year-old man presented with a sudden decrease of visual acuity. Chronic he...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2004-813607
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To mark the congress of the Berlin Ophthalmological Society in December 1989, the authors review the development of ophthalmology in Berlin and in particular the history of this ophthalmological society. The review was prompted by the political changes which began in October 1989, enabling ophthalmologists from the ea...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1045970
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00