Circulating endothelial cells: markers and mediators of vascular damage.

Abstract:

:About 30 years ago circulating endothelial cells (CEC) were first observed in peripheral blood. Since then CEC have been established as a reliable indicator of vascular injury and damage and more sophisticated detection techniques, such as immunomagnetic isolation and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), have become available. However even today there remains controversy as to the best approach to isolate and enumerate these cells. Here, we review the isolation and enumeration of CEC with an emphasis on CD146-driven immunomagnetic isolation and FACS as the two competing techniques. We describe advantages and pitfalls of both approaches. Moreover, we provide a list of clinical studies in this field and describe the possible clinical utility of CEC as a surrogate marker for vascular damage and dysfunction. In addition, we review the phenotype of CEC and discuss mechanisms of detachment. Recent evidence has also revealed interesting interactions between CEC and healthy endothelium in vitro although the relevance of these findings for human vascular disease in vivo remains unclear. Finally, we highlight differences between circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells. In summary, CEC must be regarded as a sensitive and specific marker of endothelial damage as well as a potential mediator in vascular disease.

authors

Erdbruegger U,Dhaygude A,Haubitz M,Woywodt A

doi

10.2174/157488810793351721

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-12-01 00:00:00

pages

294-302

issue

4

eissn

1574-888X

issn

2212-3946

pii

ABSTRACT # 66

journal_volume

5

pub_type

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