Abstract:
:To identify factors that regulate the tempo of growth and puberty, the present study examined how the environment influenced the timing of menarche and first ovulation in rhesus monkeys and how these events were related to differential rates of growth. Spring-born females were raised from 12 months of age under natural outdoor conditions (OH; n = 6) or indoors (IH; n = 9) under a controlled photoperiod (12h of light, 12h of darkness) and temperature (20-23 C). Ages at the initial increases in serum bioactive LH levels (27.7 +/- 0.7 vs. 31.4 +/- 1.0 months), menarche (26.0 +/- 0.7 vs. 32.5 +/- 0.9 months), and first ovulation (33.9 +/- 1.4 vs. 43.5 +/- 0.3 months) were significantly advanced in IH compared to OH females. First ovulation for the OH females occurred exclusively in October and November of the fourth year, whereas the distribution of first ovulation of IH females was biomodal, with seven of nine occurring in November or December at 31.8 +/- 0.5 months, and two of nine ovulating in September or October at 41.2 +/- 0.5 months. Serum levels of PRL varied seasonally in OH females throughout development, with peaks in July and nadirs in October. A similar rhythm was observed for IH females during the first 12 months of indoor housing, after which point the period decreased from 11.9 +/- 0.5 to 9.3 +/- 0.6 months. Overall increments in body weight did not differ between groups. An acceleration of growth in both crown-rump and tibial lengths occurred just before menarche in both groups, and this occurred at about 26 months for IH and about 32 months for OH females. Skeletal maturity was significantly advanced at 27 months in IH females and at every chronological age thereafter. Serum concentrations of somatomedin-C and GH paralleled group differences in bone maturation. Both hormones were significantly elevated by 16-18 months of age in IH animals compared to OH females and remained so until 34-36 months of age. Although a distinct seasonal rhythm in both GH and somatomedin-C was evident in OH animals, no such pattern was observed in IH females. These data suggest that exposure to an outdoor environment moderates the tempo of both sexual and skeletal maturation. The acceleration in reproductive development in animals exposed to a constant environment was associated with an acceleration in bone maturation, suggesting that common factors may be responsible for the initiation of both events.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Wilson ME,Gordon TP,Rudman CG,Tanner JMdoi
10.1210/endo-123-6-2653subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-12-01 00:00:00pages
2653-61issue
6eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
123pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::The electrophoretic distribution of the polypeptides synthesized by bovine granulosa cell cultures after metabolic labeling with [35S]methionine has been analyzed by double gel electrophoresis. The fluctuations of 35 polypeptides have been followed as a function of the size of the follicles from which cultures origina...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-107-6-1798
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To further characterize the effect of TSH administration on thyroid iodothyronine monodeiodinating activity, we have evaluated the in vitro conversion of T4 to T3 (outer ring deiodination) and T3 to 3,3'-diiodothyronine (T2; inner ring deiodination) by mouse thyroid, liver, and kidney homogenates, comparing tissues fr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-116-3-901
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of cilostazol, a dual inhibitor of type 3 phosphodiesterase and adenosine uptake, on ion currents were investigated in pituitary GH(3) cells and pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. In whole-cell configuration, cilostazol (10 microm) reversibly increased the amplitude of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) current [I(K(Ca))]. C...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2003-1430
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were made unilaterally cryptorchid by cutting the gubernaculum testis at birth. At 100 days age, the rats were injected with 600 IU/kg hCG. A biphasic testosterone response was seen in the scrotal (Scr) testis in response to hCG, with maxima at 1 h and 3 days after injection. The acute peak of testosterone was of...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-115-2-550
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Daily administration of an inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase, 17 beta-testosterone carboxylic acid, significantly attenuated the stimulatory effect of testosterone propionate on penile erections displayed by castrated male rats which were restrained in a supine position. This treatment, however, failed to affect mating b...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-109-4-1047
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue levels of bioactive and immunoactive ACTH were measured in both the anterior and neuro-intermediate lobes of the rat pituitary. Similar concentrations of bioactive (65 ng/mg) and immunoactive (83 ng/mg) ACTH were found in the anterior lobes control rats. A 2-min ether stress had no effect on either bioactive or...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-96-6-1419
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear proteins extracted from purified nuclei with 0.4M KCl at pH 7.4 OR 8.5 are able to bind L-triiodothyronine (T3) giving rise to nuclear thyroid hormone binding protein-T3 (NTBP-T3) complexes. Binding is maximum in 3 h at 20 C. It is thermolabile even at 36 C, inhibited by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and markedly e...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-96-5-1201
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin receptors in lizard brain were identified and characterized using 125I-labeled melatonin ([125I]MEL) after solubilization with the detergent digitonin. Saturation studies of solubilized material revealed a high affinity binding site, with an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant of 181 +/- 45 pM. Bindin...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-127-3-1206
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult rats which have received monosodium-L-glutamate (MSG, 4 mg/g BW) on alternate days for the first 10 days of life manifest central nervous system lesions largely restricted to the retina and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in which nearly 90% of the perikarya are destroyed, leaving axons in passage intact...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-103-1-170
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms underlying lymphocyte infiltration of the thyroid gland and orbit in Graves' disease (GD) are poorly understood. The IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) is a newly recognized self-antigen that, when activated in GD fibroblasts by IGF-I or GD-IgGs, provokes the expression of IL-16 and RANTES (regulated upon activation, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-1375
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors inhibits osteoblastic bone formation and enhances osteoclastic bone resorption. Whether beta-blockers inhibit ovariectomy-induced bone loss and decrease fracture risk remains controversial. To further explore the role of beta-adrenergic signaling in skeletal acquisition and res...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2008-0843
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A heat-stable protein which inhibits cAMP dependent protein kinase was prepared from the bovine thyroid 100,000 X g supernatant. This protein inhibited the cAMP-dependent protein kinase both from bovine thyroid cytosol and bovine thyroid plasma membranes. The inhibitory effect was noncompetitive with histone as substr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-105-1-204
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rodents, kisspeptin-expressing neurons are localized in 2 hypothalamic brain nuclei (anteroventral periventricular nucleus/periventricular nucleus continuum [AVPv/PeN] and arcuate nucleus [ARC]) and modulated by sex steroids. By using wild-type (WT) and aromatase knockout (ArKO) mice (which cannot convert testoster...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2013-1120
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis involves timed signaling between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands and back to the brain, causing an inherently oscillating system. Corticosteroids such as corticosterone (CORT) are secreted in a circadian rhythm, characterized by low and high levels at the start o...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2018-00767
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organ weight was compared in adult mice with deletion of one (IRS-1-/+) or both (IRS-1-/-) copies of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene and IRS-1+/+ littermates. IRS-1-/+ mice showed modest reductions in weight of most organs in proportion to a decrease in body weight. IRS-1-/- mice showed major reductions ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.12.7219
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously have described molecular mechanisms converging at the Nur response element-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) composite site responsible for synergistic activation of the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene promoter by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and CRH. In this study, we asked how...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2006-0460
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The feedback sites of estrogen within the hypothalamus and lower brain stem involved in the suppression of pulsatile LH secretion during 48-h fasting were examined in ovariectomized rats with local estradiol (E2) implants. The animals were ovariectomized and immediately implanted stereotaxically with stainless steel c...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.135.3.8070380
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The power of animal models is derived from the ability to control experimental variables so that observed effects may be unequivocally attributed to the factor that was changed. One variable that is difficult to control in animal experiments is the number and composition of offspring in a litter. To account for this v...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2016-1145
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclin D1 encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates the retinoblastoma protein and promotes progression through the G1-S phase of the cell cycle. Amplification or overexpression of cyclin D1 plays pivotal roles in the development of a subset of human cancers including parathyro...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2004-0959
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A healthy nutritional state is required for all aspects of reproduction and is signaled by the adipokine leptin. Leptin acts in a relatively narrow concentration range: too much or too little will compromise fertility. The leptin signal timing is important to prepubertal development in both sexes. In the brain, leptin...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa204
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although LHRH can stimulate the release of both LH and FSH from the pituitary, there are a number of instances in which the secretion of LH and FSH are divergent. Previous studies from our laboratory have indicated that pulsatile LH and FSH secretion are independently regulated by gonadal factors. We have, therefore, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-118-2-609
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of removing extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+e), depleting intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+i), inhibiting cAMP-dependent calmodulin, and blocking voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels on the secretion of ACTH by perifused dispersed rat anterior pituitary cells. The cells were stimulated with synthetic arginine vasopr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-2-858
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that plasma IGF 1 concentration is positively correlated with the rate of antler growth and have proposed that IGF 1 is stimulatory for antler growth in the red deer stag. Therefore to partly resolve the question of whether the IGF 1 was of circulating or local origin in relation to its effect...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-6-3005
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of central serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) administration on hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular dopamine neurons and related changes in neuronal activity to circulating PRL levels in two physiological models: 1) pregnant rats expressing (day 8) or not expressing (days 11 and 16) PRL surge...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.131.6.1359960
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An in vitro system which uses perifused pieces from the antrum of rat stomach has been used to study the effect of dihydrosomatostatin on gastrin release. The gastrin concentration in fractions of the perfusate was measured by radioimmunoassay. Dihydrosomatostatin (2 x 10-7M) had no effect on basal gastrin levels but ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-96-6-1374
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lefty/Ebaf polypeptides, novel members of the TGF-beta superfamily, are involved in endometrial differentiation and embryo implantation. Recently, we showed that, during undisturbed estrous cycle, lefty is present in mouse uterine horn primarily in a precursor form. Here, we show that decidual differentiation of endom...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-0684
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis and accumulation of prostatein, a major secretory protein of the rat ventral prostate, was examined in organ culture conditions. For the quantitation of this protein in the medium, a sensitive enzyme immunoassay was developed. The rat ventral prostate could be maintained in organ culture in defined mediu...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-121-2-604
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::AtT20/D16v is a clonal strain of mouse pituitary tumor cells which synthesizes and secretes ACTH. Somatostatin, a hypothalamic tetradecapeptide, has been shown to inhibit the release of PRL, GH, and TSH from the pituitary gland. We have characterized specific binding sites for somatostatin on AtT20/D16v cells and demo...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-108-1-281
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human thyroperoxidase (hTPO), a type I transmembrane heme containing glycoprotein, catalyzes iodide organification and thyroid hormone synthesis and plays a major role in thyroid autoimmunity. Whereas hormonosynthesis occurs at the apical membrane of thyroid cells, TPO localizes mainly in the perinuclear membrane and ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.139.10.6265
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An estrogen (E2)-dependent 90,000-92,000 M(r) protein is synthesized and released by the sheep oviduct in a temporally and regionally specific manner during the first few days of pregnancy, where it associates with the embryo. The present study was undertaken to further define the nature of this protein and its regula...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.136.6.7750470
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00