Efficacy and safety of two analogs of L-carnitine on rats made insulin resistant by a high-fructose diet.

abstract：:Black Swiss (BS) mice were shown to be an advantageous strain to model behavioral domains of mania, but to date only male mice were tested, whereas bipolar disorder (BPD) is equally prevalent in women and men. This study was therefore designed to examine the possibility of using both male and female BS mice in future ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ene HM,Kara NZ,Einat H

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the isolated guinea pig vas deferens, 10(-4) M cocaine shifts to the left (13.5-fold at the EC50 level) the concentration-effect curve and increases the maximum response to noradrenaline, whilst supersensitivity to phenylephrine, an amine with a low affinity for the neuronal uptake, was smaller (4.1-fold) and the m...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： DeMoraes S,Capaz FR

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vasodepressor responses to intravenous injections of arachidonic acid, and the formation of its metabolites, were studied in rats made diabetic 1 or 2 weeks after a 1-dose alloxan treatment. Arachidonic acid dose-dependently decreased the diastolic blood pressure in normal animals, but this hypotensive effect was ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Hui SC,Ogle CW,Wang Z,An Y,Hu YH

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insulinogenic response to a standard i.v. dose of a sulfonylurea can be markedly augmented in normal, conscious dogs if they are given 30 min earlier a single i.v. dose of dihydroergotamine (DHE). Since the parent substance ergotamine posssed no such amplifying properties, further experiments were conducted to cla...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Sirek A,Sirek OV,Policova Z,Kerekes A

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was designed to determine whether pyrazinoylguanidine (PZG) can attenuate diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced within 1 week after a single intraperitoneal dose of STZ (45 mg/kg in 0.05 mol/l sodium citrate buffer). Diabetic rats were divided into five gro...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Follansbee MH,Beyer KH Jr,Griffith JW,Vesell ES

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of sucralfate treatment (3 g daily for 6 weeks) on gastric HCO3- secretion was investigated in 15 duodenal ulcer patients. After treatment a highly significant (p less than 0.01) increase in gastric bicarbonate output was found. It is suggested that the mode of action of sucralfate includes stimulation of g...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Guslandi M

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of age on the clearance (CL) of therapeutic proteins has not been explored extensively in pediatric subjects. Recently, resting energy expenditure (REE) has been proposed to link age-dependent CL with developmental changes. Allometric relationship was explored to assess the impact of REE on the CL of therap...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Lee SK

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zopiclone (ZPC; RP 27,267), which is chemically unrelated to benzodiazepines (BZD), was found to have a similar pharmacological profile and to possess in man hypnotic activity similar to that of some BZD such as nitrazepam. It was, therefore, interesting to study the interaction of ZPC with rat brain receptors and spe...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Blanchard JC,Boireau A,Julou L

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated a possible alteration in the ability of leukocytes to produce reactive oxygen species by stobadine, a pyridoindole antioxidant, in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. The production of free radicals from whole blood was assessed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence after stimulation by phorbol myristate ace...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Demiryürek AT,Karasu C,Stefek M,Stolc S

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms by which captopril inhibits vasopressin-stimulated osmotic water flow in the toad bladder have been investigated in vitro. Captopril has two possible mechanisms for the inhibitory action on the water flow, one is its stimulative effect on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) biosynthesis by inhibition of kininase II...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Marumo F,Nara Y

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 (PB-P-450) show different patterns of inhibition of PB-P-450 catalyzed aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), 7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase, benzphetamine demethylase and ethylmorphine demethylase. The inhibition constants vary depending on the ind...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Fujino T,West D,Park SS,Gelboin HV

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of two synthetic heme analogues, zinc mesoporphyrin (ZnMP) and tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP), on in vivo hematopoietic progenitor cell mobilization and in vitro hematopoiesis were examined in rabbit bone marrow. Rabbits received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) for 7 days in order to mobilize inc...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Lutton JD,Jiang S,Drummond GS,Abraham NG,Kappas A

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an important component of the extracellular matrix of prostate cells. Platelet-derived growth factor bb (PDGFbb) has a mitogenic effect on prostate stromal cells. The effect of PDGFbb on HA production by smooth muscle cells from normal and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue was studied t...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Pullen M,Thomas K,Wu H,Nambi P

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the properties of the drug interaction between morphine and 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist at the spinal level. The nociceptive state was induced by subcutaneously injecting formalin solution (5%, 50 microl) into the hindpaw of the rats. Intrathecal morphine and m-CPBG (5-HT(3) receptor agonist) dose-dependen...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Yoon MH,Bae HB,Choi JI,Kim SJ,Chung ST,Kim CM

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of diabetes on the cavernosal smooth muscle relaxations mediated by adenosine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in tissues obtained from men and rats. Adenosine- and ATP-induced relaxant responses showed an enhanced sensitivity with an unaltered effectiveness in ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Gür S,Oztürk B

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:34 experienced marijuana users were divided into four equated groups of eight subjects each based on recognition memory test performance. One week later each group was retested following administration of marijuana containing 0, 5, 10 or 15 mg delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. A dose-related effect of marijuana on pulse ra...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Miller L,Cornett T,Drew W,McFarland D,Brightwell D,Wikler A

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In organ transplantation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been implicated in delayed graft function (DGF) as well as in short- and long-term complications. Using an autotransplant pig kidney model, changes in renal function and morphology were determined after different periods of cold ischemia in kidneys preser...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Baumert H,Faure JP,Zhang K,Petit I,Goujon JM,Dutheil D,Favreau F,Barrière M,Tillement JP,Mauco G,Papadopoulos V,Hauet T

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess whether moderate hypoxia affects the disposition of diltiazem. Six male beagle dogs received diltiazem (0.6 mg/kg) on three occasions: (1) while breathing air, i.e. during normoxia; (2) 1 h after initiating exposure to a FiO2 of 0.08, a FiCO2 of 0.035 and a FiN2 of 0.885, i.e. durin...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： du Souich P,Hartemann D,Saunier C

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report that the loop diuretic drugs bumetanide and furosemide used in the treatment of hypertension are GPR35 agonists. We utilized calcium flux, inositol phosphate accumulation, and dynamic redistribution assays to examine the pharmacology of these compounds on the human, mouse and rat GPR35. While potent on human...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Yang Y,Fu A,Wu X,Reagan JD

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a major Ca(2+) source for muscle contraction, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of skeletal muscle maintains its Ca(2+) content by uptake of myoplasmic Ca(2+) and by replenishment with extracellular Ca(2+). Since transection of motor nerve alters the functions of SR Ca(2+) pump and sarcolemma ion channels, this study...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Hong SJ,Liang HC,Shen CJ

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the inhibitory effects of papaverine on twitches directly elicited by electrical stimulation of the mouse diaphragm. Papaverine (3-100 μM) inhibited twitches in a dose-dependent manner. Papaverine increased the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) but not cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) cont...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kaneda T,Hayasaka R,Nagai Y,Tajima T,Urakawa N,Nakajyo S,Shimizu K

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Desferrioxamine (DFO) metabolism and its pharmacokinetics were studied in a swine model using high-performance liquid chromatography. DFO and three iron-binding metabolites occurred in plasma. Interindividual differences in pharmacokinetics and metabolism were observed. Urine analysis in 4 pigs showed three iron-bindi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Fisher EA,McLachlan DR,Kruck TP,Mustard RA

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Feeding a thiamin-deficient diet to male and female rats for 3 weeks alters the mixed function oxidases responsible for metabolizing benzo(a)pyrene and enhances the response of these enzymes to induction by phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene. The caloric restriction observed in thiamin deprivation may be partially ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Wade AE,Bunce OR,Harley W,Baker MT,Holmes D

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The duration of action of melatonin may be important for improvements in sleep efficiency in insomniacs. Ramelteon, a selective melatonin agonist, is primarily metabolized to the active metabolite M-II, which has a longer half-life and greater systemic exposure than ramelteon. Hence, M-II may contribute significantly ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Nishiyama K,Nishikawa H,Kato K,Miyamoto M,Tsukamoto T,Hirai K

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The haemodynamic changes during epidural anaesthesia and following the administration of dihydroergotamine (DHE; 10 micrograms/kg i.v.) were studied in 7 dogs (epidural group). Epidural anaesthesia was associated with reductions in mean arterial, mean pulmonary arterial and mean right atrial pressures. Femoral flow wa...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Zimpfer M,Schwarz M,Stanek B,Raberger G

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of intraperitoneal pretreatment, 48 h beforehand, with zinc sulphate (22, 44 or 88 mg/kg) were studied on gastric ulceration, gastric secretion and changes in stomach wall mast cell counts induced after 4 h by reserpine (5 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally to intact (unoperated for pylorus occlusion) or pylor...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ogle CW,Cho CH

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Putative in vitro-in vivo correlations of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters are regarded as a prerequisite to filter hits derived from high-throughput screening (HTS) approaches for subsequent murine in vivo PK studies. METHODS:In this study, we assessed stabilities in rat and human microsomes of 121 com...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Schrezenmeier E,Zollmann FS,Seidel K,Böhm C,Schmerbach K,Kroh M,Kirsch S,Klare S,Bernhard S,Kappert K,Goldin-Lang P,Skuballa W,Unger T,Funke-Kaiser H

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both acute and chronic oral administration (1-20 mg/kg) of FCE 22716, a new ergoline derivative, resulted in a dose-related fall of arterial blood pressure lasting for more than 6 h. Tachycardia was observed only at high dosages. Yohimbine, propranolol and indometacin did not modify its antihypertensive effect; on the...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Salvati P,Bondiolotti GP,Caccia C,Vaghi F,Bianchi G

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:This study investigates factors influencing the severity of opiate withdrawal symptoms, focusing on the relationship between methadone dose and withdrawal severity among opiate-dependent in-patients receiving methadone detoxification. METHODS:The sample comprised 48 opiate-dependent patients admitted to a speciali...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Glasper A,Gossop M,de Wet C,Reed L,Bearn J

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Supplementation of antioxidants such as vitamin E and vitamin C as health promotion food is popular recently. Epidemiological studies supported the beneficial effect of these antioxidants because oxygen free radicals have been linked to the process of diseases and aging. The present study evaluated the effect of alpha...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Huang W,Chan P,Chen Y,Chen C,Liao S,Chin W,Cheng J

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00