Organophosphates and delayed neuropathy--is NTE alive and well?

abstract：:The effects of erythropoiesis on cadmium-metallothionein (Cd-MT)2 levels in spleen, a major erythropoietic tissue, was examined following sc injection of 109CdCl2 into mice. As the concentration of Cd in plasma decreased following injection of 109CdCl2 into control mice, the levels in spleen and liver increased rapidl...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Min KS,Ohyanagi N,Ohta M,Onosaka S,Tanaka K

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allergic airway diseases in children are a common and a growing health problem. Changes in the central nervous system (CNS) have been implicated in contributing to some of the symptoms. We hypothesized that airway allergic diseases are associated with altered histamine H3 receptor expression in the nucleus tractus sol...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sekizawa S,Bechtold AG,Tham RC,Kott KS,Hyde DM,Joad JP,Bonham AC

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The most commonly used chemical mixtures risk assessment methods involve simple notions of additivity and toxicological similarity. Newer methods are emerging in response to the complexities of chemical mixture exposures and effects. Factors based on both science and policy drive decisions regarding whether to conduct...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Teuschler LK

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rodent bioassays indicate that B6C3F1 mice are more sensitive to the carcinogenicity of benzene than are rats. The urinary profile of benzene metabolites is different in rats vs mice. Mice produce higher proportions of hydroquinone conjugates and muconic acid, indicators of metabolism via pathways leading to putative ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sabourin PJ,Muggenburg BA,Couch RC,Lefler D,Lucier G,Birnbaum LS,Henderson RF

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organic chemicals such as jet fuels and solvents can cause skin irritation after dermal exposure. The molecular responses to these chemicals resulting in acute irritation are not understood well enough to establish safe exposure limits. Male F-344 rats were dermally exposed to JP-8 jet fuel for 1 h using Hill Top Cham...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kabbur MB,Rogers JV,Gunasekar PG,Garrett CM,Geiss KT,Brinkley WW,McDougal JN

更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophiles, ubiquitously found in the environment, modify thiol groups of sensor proteins, leading to activation of redox signaling pathways such as the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Nrf2 activation by exposure to single electrophiles has been establi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Abiko Y,Aoki H,Kumagai Y

更新日期：2021-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Carnosic acid (CA), a major bioactive component in rosemary extract, has many biological and pharmaceutical activities. Smad3 acetylation can regulate the transcription of type I α2 collagen (COL1A2), which is the major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether C...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhao Y,Shi X,Ding C,Feng D,Li Y,Hu Y,Wang L,Gao D,Tian X,Yao J

更新日期：2018-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Male, English smooth haired guinea pigs were exposed to thermal decomposition products, i.e., smoke, generated by heating Douglas fir in an open system. Various amounts of Douglas fir were placed in a furnace, at room temperature, and heated at a rate of 11 degrees C/min until completely decomposed. Major decompositio...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wong KL,Stock MF,Malek DE,Alarie Y

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic is a human carcinogen with exposure associated with cancer of the lung, skin, and bladder. Many potential mechanisms have been implicated as playing a role in the process of arsenical-induced malignancy including the perturbation of signaling pathways and aberrant epigenetic regulation. We initiated studies to...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Jensen TJ,Wozniak RJ,Eblin KE,Wnek SM,Gandolfi AJ,Futscher BW

更新日期：2009-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Decreased daily sperm production (DSP) and cauda epididymal sperm number (CESN) are some of the most sensitive effects of in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure. The reduction in CESN cannot be fully accounted for by decreased spermatogenesis. To explain the decrease in CESN it wa...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sommer RJ,Ippolito DL,Peterson RE

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiotoxin-III (CTX-III), a major cardiotoxin isolated from the venom of the Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra), is a highly basic, hydrophobic, toxic protein, which can induce lysis of mononuclear cells by an unknown mechanism. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of CTX-III on untreated and PHA-activated...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Su SH,Su SJ,Lin SR,Chang KL

更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A pressing need exists to develop and validate molecular biomarkers to assess the early effects of chemical agents, both individually and in mixtures. This is particularly true for new and chemically intensive industries such as the semiconductor industry. Previous studies from this laboratory and others have demonstr...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Fowler BA,Conner EA,Yamauchi H

更新日期：2005-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:4-Alkylbicyclophosphates, R1C(CH2O)3P(O), with suitable R1 substituents (e.g., t-butyl, isopropyl, or cyclohexyl) are highly toxic compounds [mouse intraperitoneal (ip) LD50 values 0.036-0.52 mg/kg] and are potent noncompetitive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists. 4-Alkylmonocyclophosphates of the type R1(HOCH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Toia RF,Casida JE

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It was previously shown that treatment of rats with methyl-n-butyl ketone (MBK) produced an increase in the total level of liver microsomal cytochromes P-450 and an increase in the rate of metabolism of chloroform (CHCl3) to phosgene (COCl2). In the present study it was found that MBK also produced qualitative changes...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Branchflower RV,Schulick RD,George JW,Pohl LR

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Purified fetal bovine serum acetylcholinesterase (FBS AChE) and horse serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were successfully used as single pretreatment drugs for the prevention of pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman) toxicity in nonhuman primates. Eight rhesus monkeys, trained to perform Primate Equilibrium Plat...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wolfe AD,Blick DW,Murphy MR,Miller SA,Gentry MK,Hartgraves SL,Doctor BP

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast cancer is the world's leading cause of death among women. This situation imposes an urgent development of more selective and less toxic agents. The use of natural molecular fingerprints as sources for new bioactive chemical entities has proven to be a quite promising and efficient method. Capsaicin, which is th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： de-Sá-Júnior PL,Pasqualoto KF,Ferreira AK,Tavares MT,Damião MC,de Azevedo RA,Câmara DA,Pereira A,de Souza DM,Parise Filho R

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent technological advances have moved the field of toxicogenomics from reliance on microarray platforms to high-throughput transcriptomic (HTTr) technologies that measure global gene expression. Gene expression biomarkers are emerging as useful tools for interpreting gene expression profiles to identify perturbatio...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Corton JC,Kleinstreuer NC,Judson RS

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is postulated that nicotine, as the main neurotoxic constituent of cigarette smoke, influences SIDS risk through effects on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in brainstem nuclei that control respiration and arousal. This study compared α7 and β2 nAChR subunit expression in eight nuclei of the caudal and ro...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Machaalani R,Say M,Waters KA

更新日期：2011-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The goodness of fit of three PBPK models to data for inhalation uptake of 1,3-butadiene by mice from closed chambers were compared. These models included a classical flow-limited model with blood consolidated into arterial and venous compartments, a flow-limited model with implicit blood and alveolar compartments, and...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kohn MC

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The iron chelate, ferric nitrilotriacetate (FeNTA), induces acute proximal tubular necrosis as a consequence of lipid peroxidation and oxidative tissue damage. Chronic exposure of FeNTA leads to a high incidence of renal adenocarcinomas in rodents. NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that is activa...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tanaka Y,Aleksunes LM,Goedken MJ,Chen C,Reisman SA,Manautou JE,Klaassen CD

更新日期：2008-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary responses after continuous exposure of rats to concentrations of ozone (O3) ranging from 0.12 to 0.64 ppm were quantified by measuring tissue collagen synthesis rate, tissue protein and DNA content, and various constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. After 7 days of exposure to 0.64 ppm of O3, lung col...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Warren DL,Guth DJ,Last JA

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative glutamate toxicity in HT22 murine hippocampal cells is a model for neuronal death by oxidative stress. We have investigated the role of proteases in HT22 cell oxidative glutamate toxicity. L-glutamate-induced toxicity was characterized by cell and nuclear shrinkage and chromatin condensation, yet occurred in...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Elphick LM,Hawat M,Toms NJ,Meinander A,Mikhailov A,Eriksson JE,Kass GE

更新日期：2008-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is teratogenic in mice, inducing cleft palate and hydronephrosis at doses which are not overtly maternally toxic or embryotoxic. After TCDD exposure the palatal shelves of normal size come into contact, but fail to fuse due to altered differentiation of the medial epithelial ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Abbott BD,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Berberine has been demonstrated to alleviate renal interstitial, liver and myocardial fibrosis when administered orally despite its extremely low bioavailability. Here, we inspected effect of berberine on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and explored underlying mechanisms on the basis of intestinal endocrine. The results showe...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Guan C,Qiao S,Lv Q,Cao N,Wang K,Dai Y,Wei Z

更新日期：2018-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smoking, arsenic and occupational exposures are well-known risk factors for the development of urothelial carcinoma (UC). Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether the effect of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, arsenic and occupational exposures on risk of UC could be modified by gene...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wang YH,Yeh SD,Shen KH,Shen CH,Juang GD,Hsu LI,Chiou HY,Chen CJ

更新日期：2009-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessment of toxic or mutagenic risks associated with phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (PTO) is important. In vitro and in vivo data have shown that PTOs are nontoxic and nonmutagenic. However, these studies do not address interactions between PTOs and other compounds. The sulfur on PTOs may provide a novel reactive...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Copple BL,Gmeiner WM,Iversen PL

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Technical grade dinitrotoluene (DNT) is hepatocarcinogenic when fed to rats. DNT is oxidatively metabolized by hepatic enzymes and reductively metabolized by rat intestinal microflora in vitro. The objectives of the present studies were to determine the importance of bile as a route of excretion for DNT metabolites an...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Medinsky MA,Dent JG

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasticizers released from microplastic are increasingly viewed with concern. While adverse health effects induced by bisphenol A and its analogues on marine animals are well documented in the literature, the endocrine potential of bisphenolic compounds on human health remains elusive. We applied next generation seque...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Böckers M,Paul NW,Efferth T

更新日期：2020-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study sought to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant gestational followed by continued chronic exposure to the herbicide, atrazine, on motor function, cognition, and neurochemical indices of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) activity in male rats. Dams were treated with 100 μg/kg atrazine, 10mg/kg atrazi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Walters JL,Lansdell TA,Lookingland KJ,Baker LE

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) suppresses immune function in mice via an inhibition of lymphocyte activation was examined in these studies. Daily exposure of B6C3F1 mice to DMBA (cumulative doses of 1.4 to 140 mg/kg) via the oral route for 14 days was found to inhibit phytohemagglutinin (PH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Burchiel SW,Davis DA,Gomez MP,Montano RM,Barton SL,Seamer LC

更新日期：1990-09-15 00:00:00