Combination treatment with atorvastatin plus niacin provides effective control of complex dyslipidemias: a literature review.

Abstract:

:Patients with dyslipidemia receive a cardiovascular benefit from lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Atorvastatin is currently one of the most effective approved medications for lowering LDL-C, and has been shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular risk in many patient groups. However, even with substantial lowering of LDL-C with atorvastatin, patients still have a residual risk for coronary heart disease. Elevated triglyceride levels and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels may contribute to this risk. Approved medications targeting these secondary lipid parameters include fibrates, omega-3 fatty acids, and niacin. Among these medications, niacin provides the optimal increase in HDL-C levels and has efficacy similar to the other medications in lowering triglyceride levels. However, there are challenges to adherence with niacin treatment. The most common challenge during niacin treatment is flushing, although it typically decreases with ongoing use and can be ameliorated by pretreatment with aspirin and counseling by the prescriber. A combination of atorvastatin and niacin may provide more complete normalization of the lipid profile and increased cardiovascular benefits. A literature review of the PubMed and Embase databases was conducted for clinical studies that reported on the lipid-modifying efficacy of the atorvastatin plus niacin combination. Identified studies involved patients at risk for coronary heart disease and patients with established coronary heart disease. Overall, the studies were small but indicated that atorvastatin in combination with niacin was efficacious in normalizing lipid parameters. Larger lipid studies as well as studies evaluating cardiovascular outcomes during atorvastatin plus niacin treatment are warranted.

journal_name

Postgrad Med

journal_title

Postgraduate medicine

authors

McKenney JM

doi

10.3810/pgm.2012.01.2513

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-01-01 00:00:00

pages

7-20

issue

1

eissn

0032-5481

issn

1941-9260

journal_volume

124

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Cutaneous irritancy of an ibuprofen medicated plaster in healthy volunteers.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Ibuprofen is a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug administered to treat injuries, joint pain, and recurrent muscular skeletal pain. The aim of this study was to determine the cutaneous irritancy of a medicated ibuprofen plaster compared with a placebo plaster in healthy volunteers. METHODS:He...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1080/00325481.2018.1398047

    authors: Maganji M,Connolly MP,Bhatt A

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • Efficacy and tolerability of long-term venlafaxine XR therapy for GAD. Results of long-term, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies.

    abstract::Various antidepressants and anxiolytic agents have proved to be effective as short-term therapy for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and other anxiety disorders. However, less is known about their efficacy in the long-term treatment of GAD. This gap in our knowledge poses a problem for physicians, who treat GAD over...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.3810/pgm.11.1999.suppl1.3

    authors: Lydiard RB

    更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00

  • Turkish doctors' cohort: healthy despite low screening.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:We aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic diseases and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors of Turkish doctors as compared with the general population and the frequency of compliance with preventive clinical practices among doctors. METHODS:This was an observational, prospective cohort study that enrolled gr...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.2017.1272399

    authors: Unal S,Tanriover MD,Ascioglu S,Demirkazik A,Ertenli I,Eskioglu E,Guler K,Kiraz S,Ozbakkaloglu M,Ozer B,Tukek T,Akyar S,Erdem Y

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • Serologic markers: impact on early diagnosis and disease stratification in inflammatory bowel disease.

    abstract::Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is difficult to diagnose, and differentiating between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) can be challenging. Overlapping symptoms of UC and CD often delay diagnosis, despite availability of endoscopic, radiologic, and histologic tools. This delay in diagnosis is quite com...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.07.2184

    authors: Arai R

    更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Pregabalin for neuropathic pain in primary care settings: recommendations for dosing and titration.

    abstract::Pregabalin is one of the first-line treatments approved for the management of neuropathic pain (NeP). While many patients benefit from treatment with pregabalin, they are often treated with suboptimal doses, possibly due to unfamiliarity around prescribing the drug and/or side effects that can occur with up-titration....

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.2020.1857992

    authors: Freynhagen R,Baron R,Kawaguchi Y,Malik RA,Martire DL,Parsons B,Rey RD,Schug SA,Jensen TS,Tölle TR,Ushida T,Whalen E

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Medical therapy of colonic diverticular disease.

    abstract::Treatment of asymptomatic diverticulosis is geared to the prevention of constipation, with vigilance for possible signs of complications. A bulky stool decreases colonic intraluminal pressures, probably lessening pain and the chance of development of new diverticula. Increased stool weight may be achieved by the addit...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1976.11708409

    authors: Herrera AF

    更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of patients with syncope. Separating the 'wheat' from the 'chaff'.

    abstract::Although fairly common, syncope is a frightening symptom that can signal a serious underlying disease. The varying causes present a diagnostic challenge to the examining physician, who needs to assess whether referral for more specialized or invasive study is appropriate. The authors review common cases of syncope and...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1992.11701298

    authors: Hopson JR,Kienzle MG

    更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00

  • Lymphedema of the limb. An overview of treatment options.

    abstract::In developed countries, prevalence is increasing of malignancy-related secondary lymphedema, usually resulting from lymph node resection or irradiation. Untreated lymphedema usually increases over time, and the physical and psychological sequelae in even mild cases demand appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Patients ...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3810/pgm.1998.10.450

    authors: Tunkel RS,Lachmann E

    更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00

  • Low agreement between the modified diet and renal disease formula and the Cockcroft-Gault formula for assessing chronic kidney disease in cognitively impaired elderly outpatients.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Chronic kidney disease is a global public health concern. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) prediction based on serum creatinine is used to assess renal function in the elderly. The Cockcroft-Gault (CG) formula, based on body surface area (CG/BSA formula), and the Modified Diet and Renal Disease formula (MDRD ...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.11.2221

    authors: Alagiakrishnan K,Senthilselvan A

    更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00

  • Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. What are the benefits, what are the risks?

    abstract::One way to nutritionally support patients who cannot swallow is to administer formula directly into the stomach. Placing a gastrostomy tube percutaneously using endoscopy avoids the risks of general anesthesia and wound healing that accompany surgical gastrostomy. Although certain conditions (eg, sepsis, coagulation d...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1992.11701183

    authors: DiLorenzo J,Dalton B,Miskovitz P

    更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00

  • Oral trauma. Emergency care of lacerations, fractures, and burns.

    abstract::Emergency physicians are usually the first to see patients with injuries to oral and facial tissues. Because many of these patients may have life-threatening neurologic injuries, secondary oral and perioral problems may be overlooked initially. These injuries, however, have a profound potential for causing lifelong di...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1989.11700566

    authors: Comer RW,Fitchie JG,Caughman WF,Zwemer JD

    更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00

  • Dermatologic emergencies.

    abstract::Preview Several dermatoses are potentially fatal, and the mortality rate for some is quite high; prompt recognition and treatment are essential. Dr Gannon's succinct discussions of pemphigus vulgaris, necrotizing fasciitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, and urticaria and a...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1994.11945875

    authors: Gannon T

    更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00

  • When bleeding complicates oral anticoagulant therapy. How to anticipate, investigate, and treat.

    abstract::With use of the International Normalized Ratio (INR), physicians can accurately assess the intensity of anticoagulation in treatment programs and trials. Bleeding is the major complication of oral anticoagulant therapy, and its incidence can be lessened, with no loss of efficacy, by using less intense therapy (INR, 2 ...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Brigden ML

    更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00

  • Decubitus ulcers. How to prevent them--and intervene should prevention fail.

    abstract::Decubitus ulcers can develop in any chronically ill patient who is immobilized. Elderly patients and patients with spinal cord injury are at particularly high risk. Prevention is best achieved by identification of susceptible patients, alleviation of causative and predisposing factors, and early detection of ischemic ...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1990.11704596

    authors: Shenaq SM,Dinh TA

    更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00

  • The role of the primary care physician in managing early stages of chronic kidney disease.

    abstract::Recent increases in obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, along with the aging of the US population, are driving a dramatic rise in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite this increase, the majority of Americans with early-stage CKD remain unaware of their disease. Primary care physicians are at the fo...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3810/pgm.2011.09.2473

    authors: Coritsidis GN,Linden E,Stern AS

    更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00

  • Fever of unknown origin. A strategic approach to this diagnostic dilemma.

    abstract::Fever of unknown origin (FUO) remains a challenging clinical problem despite recent advances in diagnostic tools and techniques. Because primary care physicians are often the first ones to encounter a case of FUO, it is important that they be familiar with the best strategy and steps for confronting this problem initi...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3810/pgm.2003.09.1497

    authors: Amin K,Kauffman CA

    更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00

  • Real-world misuse, abuse, and dependence of abuse-deterrent versus non-abuse-deterrent extended-release morphine in Medicaid non-cancer patients.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Opioids with abuse-deterrent properties may reduce widespread abuse, misuse, and diversion of these products. This study aimed to quantify misuse, abuse, dependence, and health resource use of extended-release morphine sulfate with sequestered naltrexone hydrochloride (ER-MSN; EMBEDA®), compared with non-abus...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.2019.1585688

    authors: Cicero TJ,Mendoza M,Cattaneo M,Dart RC,Mardekian J,Polson M,Roland CL,Schnoll SH,Webster LR,Park PW

    更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00

  • Recent advances in management of gastroesophageal reflux.

    abstract::Gastroesophageal reflux is not synonymous with sliding hiatus hernia. It should be approached as a condition dependent on the intrinsic strength of the lower esophageal sphincter rather than on the presence of a hiatus hernia. The patient's account of symptoms is probably the most important means of diagnosis, but in ...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1975.11713946

    authors: Cohen S

    更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00

  • Exercise-induced asthma.

    abstract::Exercise-induced asthma can appear as one of many forms of airway hyperreactivity or as a unique clinical entity. Simple spirometry confirms the suspected clinical diagnosis in most instances, although more sensitive measurements of airway obstruction may be required. In general, the asthmatic need not restrict physic...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1980.11715395

    authors: Gerhard H,Schachter EN

    更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00

  • What to do about pruritus scroti.

    abstract::Pruritus scroti is a common clinical disorder that is caused by various inflammatory disorders, infections, infestations, and neoplasms. Laboratory evaluation, including bacterial and fungal cultures, microscopic examination, skin biopsies, and measurement of blood glucose levels, is useful in establishing the diagnos...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1990.11716424

    authors: Kantor GR

    更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00

  • Delusional misidentification in Parkinson's disease: report of two cases and a review.

    abstract::Syndromes of delusional misidentification consist of disordered familiarity and have been reported in diverse diagnoses, including Parkinson's disease. Although the most common delusional misidentification is Capgras syndrome, in which the sufferer believes a familiar person has been replaced by an identical imposter,...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/00325481.2018.1411161

    authors: Hermanowicz N

    更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00

  • Prescribing opioids for chronic noncancer pain in primary care: risk assessment.

    abstract::The use of opioids for patients with chronic noncancer pain has increased dramatically, and with increasing use there is increasing concern about the potential for abuse and addiction during long-term treatment. Clinicians should avoid viewing formal or subjective risk assessment as a means of classifying patients int...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3810/pgm.2014.09.2810

    authors: Gordon A,Cone EJ,DePriest AZ,Axford-Gatley RA,Passik SD

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Bronchiectasis: the 'other' obstructive lung disease.

    abstract::Bronchiectasis belongs to the family of chronic obstructive lung diseases, even though it is much less common than asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema. Clinical features of these entities overlap significantly. The triad of chronic cough, sputum production, and hemoptysis always should bring bronchiectasis to min...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3810/pgm.1999.07.607

    authors: Mysliwiec V,Pina JS

    更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00

  • Therapy for immunologic disease. New ways of using old drugs.

    abstract::Treatment of immunologically mediated diseases has been hampered by the lack of therapeutic agents capable of selectively altering distinct areas of the immune network. Unfortunately, most immunomodulating drugs with such capability are not selective in their suppressive effects, often causing untoward reactions such ...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1983.11698479

    authors: Katz P

    更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00

  • Blood-loss anemia.

    abstract::Effective management of blood-loss anemia depends on an understanding of the physiologic response to volume loss, the pattern of marrow response to acute depletion of red cell mass, and the controlling influence of iron supply. Each of these elements must be evaluated and incorporated into the plan of management. ...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1978.11714948

    authors: Hillman RS

    更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00

  • Fertility and cancer therapy.

    abstract::With increased survival of increasing numbers of cancer patients as a result of therapy, the consequences, early and late, of the therapies must be realized. It is the treating physician's duty to preserve as much reproductive potential as possible for patients, consistent with adequate care. With radiotherapy this me...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1979.11715159

    authors: Maguire LC

    更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00

  • Chest pain in children. Tip-offs to cause.

    abstract::The primary care physician can often delineate the cause of chest pain in a patient under 21 years of age after a thoughtful, careful, and thorough history and physical examination. Occasionally, an ECG and a chest x-ray film may be helpful. Noncardiac causes for the chest pain should be explored, and if found, the ch...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1983.11697888

    authors: Diehl AM

    更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00

  • The aging process.

    abstract::Preview Although no one theory on aging explains satisfactorily why or how this process occurs, we know that aging causes physiologic changes and a progressive decline of functional organ reserve. The implications of these changes are increasingly important as the elderly segment of the population grows. In this artic...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1996.11946121

    authors: Troncale JA

    更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00

  • Liver transplantation. New hope for many patients.

    abstract::Because of the broad range of physiologic problems and the many potential sources of complications, liver transplantation patients require contributions from virtually the complete spectrum of medical science. The evolving specialty of liver transplantation has eagerly assimilated advances in surgical techniques, anes...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1990.11704566

    authors: Williams JW,Sabesin SM

    更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00

  • Aspiration pneumonia. A threat when deglutition is compromised.

    abstract::Aspiration results from abnormal structure or from dysfunction during the oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal stage of deglutition. Chemically induced inflammation of the lungs and obstruction of the airways may ensue. Feeding and swallowing problems may occur at any age, but they are particularly prevalent in the elderly...

    journal_title:Postgraduate medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/00325481.1992.11701398

    authors: Khawaja IT,Buffa SD,Brandstetter RD

    更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00