Abstract:
:Treatment of metastatic melanoma is a challenge for clinicians as most agents have failed to demonstrate improved survival in phase III trials. Despite the immunogenicity of this tumor entity, different immunological interventions including cytokine therapy, vaccination, biochemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation did not lead to a satisfactory response. However, continuous investigation on the immune mediated rejection of melanoma cells has led to the development of effective antibodies blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), a critical negative regulator of the antitumor T-cell response. Based on data from rodent models, the anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab was developed into clinical studies where it had encouraging activity in advanced melanoma with unusual response patterns. As in most immunostimulatory therapies, acute toxicities were severe and clearly mechanism-related. Although some patients developed signs of autoimmunity, the toxicities were overall manageable and mostly reversible. This review summarizes different immunotherapeutical approaches against melanoma that have been applied in the past and focuses on CTLA-4 blockade with respect to its mechanism, clinical effectiveness and immunological side effects.
journal_name
Curr Stem Cell Res Therjournal_title
Current stem cell research & therapyauthors
Zeiser R,Schnitzler M,Andrlova H,Hellige T,Meiss Fdoi
10.2174/157488812799859883subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
217-28issue
3eissn
1574-888Xissn
2212-3946pii
CSCRT-EPUB-20120213-001journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Connections between inflammation and cancer are a rapidly developing field. Some gastrointestinal tract cancers arise from infection, chronic irritation, and ensuing inflammation. Cellular effectors and mediators are important constituents of the tumor microenvironment, including neoplastic, stromal, and migratory hem...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x09666140812112305
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem/progenitor cells for cell therapy and regenerative medicine should ideally be available in large numbers, after having been isolated using minimally invasive or non-invasive methodologies. Also, they should exhibit wide differentiation potential into multiple lineages, as well as capability to be used successfull...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612824666180426120459
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stromal cells residing within the connective tissue of most organs. Their surface phenotype has been well described. Most commonly, mesenchymal stem cells demonstrate the ability to differentiate into mesenchymal tissues (bone, catailge, fat, etc...), however, under the proper co...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488812799218983
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the self-renewal ability and the ability to produce multiple differentiation. Elucidating the genetic circuits that govern MSC self-renewal and differentiation is necessary to improve our comprehension of MSCs and their role in regenerative medicine. microRNAs (miRNAs) play important...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x10666150528144517
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal surgery presents a challenge for both neurosurgery and orthopaedic surgery. Due to the heterogeneous differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells, there is much interest in the treatment of spine surgery. Animal and human trials focussing on the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury, s...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888X11666170907120030
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Throughout life, different types of stem cells participate in tissue generation, maintenance, plasticity, and repair. Their abilities to secrete growth factors, to proliferate and differentiate into several cell lineages, and to migrate and home into the damaged tissues have made them attractive candidates for cell th...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x10666150904113625
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited disease characterized by progressive loss of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium, is a leading genetic cause of blindness. Cell transplantation to replace lost photoreceptors is a potential therapeutic strategy, but technical limitations have prevented clin...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1574888x09666131219115125
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple studies have focused on stem cell-based treatments for rotator cuff disorders; however, the outcomes are not consistent. OBJECTIVES:This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effects of stem cells on rotator cuff healing. METHODS:A detailed search of relevant studies w...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2174/1574888X14666190617143952
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to explore the clinical outcome of the transplantation of stem cells from various human tissue sources in cirrhotic patients. METHODS:The relevant papers were searched via PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. Changes in liver function before and afte...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x09666141112114011
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated not only from bone marrow, but also from many other tissues such as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, liver, brain and pancreas. Because MSC were found to have the ability to differentiate into cells of multiple organs and systems such as bone, fat, cartilage, muscle, ne...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488806778226821
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cellular differentiation occurs in a complicated microenvironment containing multiple components including soluble factors and physical cues. In addition to biochemical composition, physical cues are also crucial in determining cellular behaviors. OBJECTIVE:To better understand the interaction between physi...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888X13666180102121455
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intervertebral disc (IVD) disorders, especially degenerative disc disease, reduce the quality of life, and are short of effective therapy. A new direction for treatment of chronic tissue and organ diseases is to promote regeneration by harnessing endogenous repair mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the potential o...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x10666150305105114
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Periodontitis is a multifactorial infectious disease that affects a large population worldwide. Oral microorganisms and susceptible host have been proposed to be the prerequisite for the development of periodontitis. Recently, the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the development of periodontitis ha...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888X12666170718161740
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery of neural stem cells (NSC) which ensure continuous neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain, has led to a conceptual revolution in basic neuroscience and to high hopes for clinical nervous tissue repair. However, several research issues remain to address before neural stem cells can be harnessed for reg...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488808785740334
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the improvement of chemotherapy and innovation of rituximab, about 60% of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) could receive long-term survival after firstline therapy. Around 30% fail to respond or experience relapse considered as the relapsed/refractory DLBCL, the highdose chemotherapy followed ...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x11666160630172414
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rotator cuff tear causes a high rate of morbidity. After surgical repair, the presence of a scar tissue reduces tendon biomechanical properties. Emerging strategies for enhancing tendon healing are growth factors, cytokines, gene therapy and tissue engineering. However their efficacy has to be proved. Growth factors h...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x113086660065
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ideal candidates for different cellular therapies due to their simple isolation, extensive expansion potential, and low immunogenicity. For various therapeutic approaches, such as bone and cartilage repair, MSCs are expected to replace the damaged tissues by direct differentiation. Ho...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x10666150211162933
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Today, coronary artery disease is still one of the most important causes of mortality despite advanced surgical methods, pharmacotherapies and organ transplantation. These treatment modalities are intended to prevent further progression of myocardial infarction and do not involve the repair of the damaged pa...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888X13666180510110055
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the nature of articular cartilage of being poorly vascularized the capabilities of self repair are limited. Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation is a modern technique which has been developed after the high success rates obtained by microfracturing and drilling techniques which promote the release of growth f...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x11308030006
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the selective loss of both spinal and upper motor neurons. One strategy in treating ALS is to use stem cells to replace lost spinal motor neurons. However, transplanted stem cell-derived motor neurons may not survive when exposed to the harsh...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488809789057392
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduced-intensity stem cell transplantation (RIST) has opened a new era for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). It was developed based on the knowledge that graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect is the main anti-tumor effect in allogeneic HSCT. Because RIST is associated with less morbidity and mortality, it can...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488807780599248
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past several years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult tissue have rapidly moved from in vitro and animal studies into clinical trials as a therapeutic modality for a diverse group of clinical applications, including head and neck reconstruction. For many diseases, cell therapy could affect th...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488810791824449
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute renal failure (ARF) resulting from ischemic or toxic insults remains a major health care problem because of its grave prognosis and the limited effectiveness of available treatment modalities. Current treatment options for ARF are limited to supportive measures and preventive strategies, none of which ...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157488811797904344
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterogeneity is a well-documented phenomenon in breast cancer; one of the explanations for this phenomenon is the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) with the capacity to differentiate along divergent pathways. These CSCs undergo asymmetric and symmetric division resulting in both expansion of the stem cell pool and...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488809787169110
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1574888X1401181217123655
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) is the third coenzyme found after niacinamide and flavone nucleotides and is widely present in microorganisms, plants, animals, and humans. PQQ can stimulate the growth of organisms and is very important for the growth, development and reproduction of animals. Owing to the inherent prope...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888X14666181210165539
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Autoimmune disease is a refractory disease. Accumulating Evidence has revealed that the manipulation of mesenchymal stem cells may have the potential to control or even treat autoimmune diseases. Human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) are emerging as a new line of mesenchymal stem cells that ha...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888X13666180220141114
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiogenesis is a complex process in which capillaries are produced from blood vessels that already exists. Endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are pivotal for this process and for the maintenance/restorage of the endothelium. Decreased numbers and dysfunction of these cells have been relat...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x1103160303181155
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that treatments involving injection of stem cells into animals with damaged cardiac tissue result in improved cardiac functionality. Clinical trials have reported conflicting results concerning the recellularization of post-infarct collagen scars. No clear mechanism has so far emerged to full...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157488812798483449
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is the second most common cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the world. About 30% of the people that are affected by stroke die within a year; 25% of the patients that survive stroke remain in need of care after a year. Therefore, stroke is a major burden for health care costs. The most commo...
journal_title:Current stem cell research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1574888x10666150728121324
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00